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English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: ch'intʼize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
203940
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
5
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[t͡ʃˀintˀulew wugo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀintˀulej jigo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀintˀuleb bugo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀintˀulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[t͡ʃˀintˀulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀintˀulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀintˀuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀintˀulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
чӀинтӀана
[t͡ʃˀintˀana]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
чӀинтӀичӀо
[t͡ʃˀintˀit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
чӀинтӀила
[t͡ʃˀintˀila]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
чӀинтӀиларо
[t͡ʃˀintˀilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
чӀинтӀула
[t͡ʃˀintˀula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
чӀинтӀуларо
[t͡ʃˀintˀularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
чӀинтӀулаан
[t͡ʃʼintʼulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
чӀинтӀулароан
[t͡ʃʼintʼularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
чӀинтӀе
[t͡ʃˀintˀe]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
чӀинтӀуге
[t͡ʃˀintˀuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
чӀинтӀеги
[t͡ʃʼintʼegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
чӀинтӀугеги
[t͡ʃˀintˀugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
чӀинтӀизин
[t͡ʃˀintˀizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
чӀинтӀани
[t͡ʃˀintˀani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
чӀинтӀичӀони
[t͡ʃˀintˀit͡ʃˀoni]
🔒
2
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
чӀинтӀанищ
[t͡ʃˀintˀaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀинтӀичӀищ
[t͡ʃˀintˀit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀинтӀулищ
[t͡ʃˀintˀuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀинтӀуларищ
[t͡ʃˀintˀulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
чӀинтӀилищ
[t͡ʃˀintˀiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀинтӀиларищ
[t͡ʃˀintˀilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
чӀинтӀарав
/[t͡ʃˀintˀaraw]/
🔒
1
|
чӀинтӀарай
/[t͡ʃˀintˀaraj]/
🔒
0
|
чӀинтӀараб
/[t͡ʃˀintˀarab]/
🔒
5
|
чӀинтӀарал
/[t͡ʃˀintˀaral]/
🔒
3
|
| Past Participle Negative |
чӀинтӀичӀев
/[t͡ʃˀintˀit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
чӀинтӀичӀей
/[t͡ʃˀintˀit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
чӀинтӀичӀеб
/[t͡ʃˀintˀit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
чӀинтӀичӀел
/[t͡ʃˀintˀit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
чӀинтӀулев
/[t͡ʃˀintˀulew]/
🔒
0
|
чӀинтӀулей
/[t͡ʃˀintˀulej]/
🔒
1
|
чӀинтӀулеб
/[t͡ʃˀintˀuleb]/
🔒
2
|
чӀинтӀулел
/[t͡ʃˀintˀulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
чӀинтӀуларев
/[t͡ʃˀintˀularew]/
0
|
чӀинтӀуларей
/[t͡ʃˀintˀularej]/
0
|
чӀинтӀулареб
/[t͡ʃˀintˀulareb]/
0
|
чӀинтӀуларел
/[t͡ʃˀintˀularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
чӀинтӀилев
/[t͡ʃˀintˀilew]/
0
|
чӀинтӀилей
/[t͡ʃˀintˀilej]/
0
|
чӀинтӀилеб
/[t͡ʃˀintˀileb]/
0
|
чӀинтӀилел
/[t͡ʃˀintˀilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
чӀинтӀиларев
/[t͡ʃˀintˀilarew]/
0
|
чӀинтӀиларей
/[t͡ʃˀintˀilarej]/
0
|
чӀинтӀилареб
/[t͡ʃˀintˀilareb]/
0
|
чӀинтӀиларел
/[t͡ʃˀintˀilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
чӀинтӀизехъин
[t͡ʃˀintˀizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
чӀинтӀизехъинро
[t͡ʃˀintˀizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
чӀинтӀеяв
/[t͡ʃˀintˀejaw]/
0
|
чӀинтӀеяй
/[t͡ʃˀintˀejaj]/
0
|
чӀинтӀеяб
/[t͡ʃˀintˀejab]/
0
|
чӀинтӀеял
/[t͡ʃʼintʼejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
чӀинтӀарав
1
|
чӀинтӀарай
0
|
чӀинтӀараб
5
|
чӀинтӀарал
3
|
| Ergative |
чӀинтӀарас
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъ
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъ
0
|
чӀинтӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
чӀинтӀарасул
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъул
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъул
0
|
чӀинтӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
чӀинтӀарасе
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъе
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъе
0
|
чӀинтӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
чӀинтӀарасда
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъда
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъда
0
|
чӀинтӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
чӀинтӀарасде
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъде
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъде
0
|
чӀинтӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
чӀинтӀарасдаса
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъдаса
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъдаса
0
|
чӀинтӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
чӀинтӀарасдасан
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъдасан
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъдасан
0
|
чӀинтӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
чӀинтӀарасухъ
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъухъ
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъухъ
0
|
чӀинтӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
чӀинтӀарасухъе
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъухъе
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъухъе
0
|
чӀинтӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
чӀинтӀарасухъа
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъухъа
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъухъа
0
|
чӀинтӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
чӀинтӀарасухъан
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъухъан
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъухъан
0
|
чӀинтӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
чӀинтӀарасулъ
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъулъ
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъулъ
0
|
чӀинтӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
чӀинтӀарасулъе
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъулъе
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъулъе
0
|
чӀинтӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
чӀинтӀарасулъа
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъулъа
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъулъа
0
|
чӀинтӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
чӀинтӀарасулъан
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъулъан
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъулъан
0
|
чӀинтӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
чӀинтӀарасукь
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъукь
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъукь
0
|
чӀинтӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
чӀинтӀарасукье
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъукье
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъукье
0
|
чӀинтӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
чӀинтӀарасукьа
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъукьа
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъукьа
0
|
чӀинтӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
чӀинтӀарасукьан
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъукьан
0
|
чӀинтӀаралъукьан
0
|
чӀинтӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
чӀинтӀун
[t͡ʃʼintʼun]
🔒
9
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
чӀинтӀун
[t͡ʃˀintˀun]
🔒
9
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
чӀинтӀичӀого
[t͡ʃˀintˀit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
чӀинтӀулаго
[t͡ʃˀintˀulago]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
чӀинтӀуларого
[t͡ʃˀintˀularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
чӀинтӀи
[t͡ʃˀintˀi]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
чӀинтӀизе
[t͡ʃˀintˀize]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Causative |
чӀинтӀизавизе
/[t͡ʃʼintʼizawize]/
🔒
0
|
чӀинтӀизайизе
/[t͡ʃʼintʼizajize]/
🔒
0
|
чӀинтӀизабизе
/[t͡ʃˀintˀizabize]/
🔒
5
|
чӀинтӀизаризе
/[t͡ʃʼintʼizarize]/
🔒
2
|
| Causative Negative |
чӀинтӀизавуларо
/[t͡ʃʼintʼizawularo]/
0
|
чӀинтӀизайуларо
/[t͡ʃʼintʼizajularo]/
0
|
чӀинтӀизабуларо
/[t͡ʃˀintˀizabularo]/
0
|
чӀинтӀизаруларо
/[t͡ʃʼintʼizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
чӀинтӀиаризе
[t͡ʃˀintˀijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
чӀинтӀиариларо
[t͡ʃˀintˀijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
чӀинтӀ-чӀинтӀизе
[t͡ʃˀintˀ-t͡ʃˀintˀize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
чӀинтӀ-чӀинтӀиларо
[t͡ʃˀintˀ-t͡ʃˀintˀilaro]
0
|
|||