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📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
VC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: ergheze
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
203996
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
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|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
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| Past Simple |
эргъена
[ʔerʁena]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
эргъечӀо
[ʔerʁet͡ʃʼo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
эргъела
[ʔerʁela]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
эргъеларо
[ʔerʁelaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
эргъола
[ʔerʁola]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
эргъоларо
[ʔerʁolaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
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|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
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| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
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|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
эргъолаан
[ʔerʁolaan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
эргъолароан
[ʔerʁolaroan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
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Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
эргъе
[ʔerʁe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
эргъоге
[ʔerʁoge]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Optative |
эргъеги
[ʔerʁegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
эргъогеги
[ʔerʁogegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
эргъезин
[ʔerʁezin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
эргъени
[ʔerʁeni]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
эргъечӀони
[ʔerʁet͡ʃʼoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
эргъенищ
[ʔerʁeniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
эргъечӀищ
[ʔerʁet͡ʃʼiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
эргъолищ
[ʔerʁoliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
эргъоларищ
[ʔerʁolariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
эргъелищ
[ʔerʁeliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
эргъеларищ
[ʔerʁelariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
эргъерав
/[ʔerʁeraw]/
0
|
эргъерай
/[ʔerʁeraj]/
0
|
эргъераб
/[ʔerʁerab]/
0
|
эргъерал
/[ʔerʁeral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
эргъечӀев
/[ʔerʁet͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
эргъечӀей
/[ʔerʁet͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
эргъечӀеб
/[ʔerʁet͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
эргъечӀел
/[ʔerʁet͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
эргъолев
/[ʔerʁolew]/
0
|
эргъолей
/[ʔerʁolej]/
0
|
эргъолеб
/[ʔerʁoleb]/
0
|
эргъолел
/[ʔerʁolel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
эргъоларев
/[ʔerʁolarew]/
0
|
эргъоларей
/[ʔerʁolarej]/
0
|
эргъолареб
/[ʔerʁolareb]/
0
|
эргъоларел
/[ʔerʁolarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
эргъелев
/[ʔerʁelew]/
0
|
эргъелей
/[ʔerʁelej]/
0
|
эргъелеб
/[ʔerʁeleb]/
0
|
эргъелел
/[ʔerʁelel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
эргъеларев
/[ʔerʁelarew]/
0
|
эргъеларей
/[ʔerʁelarej]/
0
|
эргъелареб
/[ʔerʁelareb]/
0
|
эргъеларел
/[ʔerʁelarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
эргъезехъин
[ʔerʁezeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
эргъезехъинро
[ʔerʁezeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
эргъеяв
/[ʔerʁejaw]/
0
|
эргъеяй
/[ʔerʁejaj]/
0
|
эргъеяб
/[ʔerʁejab]/
0
|
эргъеял
/[ʔerʁejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
эргъерав
0
|
эргъерай
0
|
эргъераб
0
|
эргъерал
0
|
| Ergative |
эргъерас
0
|
эргъералъ
0
|
эргъералъ
0
|
эргъераз
0
|
| Genitive |
эргъерасул
0
|
эргъералъул
0
|
эргъералъул
0
|
эргъеразул
0
|
| Dative |
эргъерасе
0
|
эргъералъе
0
|
эргъералъе
0
|
эргъеразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
эргъерасда
0
|
эргъералъда
0
|
эргъералъда
0
|
эргъеразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
эргъерасде
0
|
эргъералъде
0
|
эргъералъде
0
|
эргъеразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
эргъерасдаса
0
|
эргъералъдаса
0
|
эргъералъдаса
0
|
эргъераздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
эргъерасдасан
0
|
эргъералъдасан
0
|
эргъералъдасан
0
|
эргъераздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
эргъерасухъ
0
|
эргъералъухъ
0
|
эргъералъухъ
0
|
эргъеразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
эргъерасухъе
0
|
эргъералъухъе
0
|
эргъералъухъе
0
|
эргъеразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
эргъерасухъа
0
|
эргъералъухъа
0
|
эргъералъухъа
0
|
эргъеразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
эргъерасухъан
0
|
эргъералъухъан
0
|
эргъералъухъан
0
|
эргъеразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
эргъерасулъ
0
|
эргъералъулъ
0
|
эргъералъулъ
0
|
эргъеразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
эргъерасулъе
0
|
эргъералъулъе
0
|
эргъералъулъе
0
|
эргъеразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
эргъерасулъа
0
|
эргъералъулъа
0
|
эргъералъулъа
0
|
эргъеразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
эргъерасулъан
0
|
эргъералъулъан
0
|
эргъералъулъан
0
|
эргъеразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
эргъерасукь
0
|
эргъералъукь
0
|
эргъералъукь
0
|
эргъеразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
эргъерасукье
0
|
эргъералъукье
0
|
эргъералъукье
0
|
эргъеразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
эргъерасукьа
0
|
эргъералъукьа
0
|
эргъералъукьа
0
|
эргъеразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
эргъерасукьан
0
|
эргъералъукьан
0
|
эргъералъукьан
0
|
эргъеразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
эргъон
[ʔerʁon]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
эргъон
[ʔerʁon]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
эргъечӀого
[ʔerʁet͡ʃʼogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
эргъолаго
[ʔerʁolago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
эргъоларого
[ʔerʁolarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
эргъей
[ʔerʁej]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
эргъезе
[ʔerʁeze]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
эргъезавизе
/[ʔerʁezawize]/
🔒
0
|
эргъезайизе
/[ʔerʁezajize]/
🔒
0
|
эргъезабизе
/[ʔerʁezabize]/
🔒
0
|
эргъезаризе
/[ʔerʁezarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
эргъезавуларо
/[ʔerʁezawularo]/
0
|
эргъезайуларо
/[ʔerʁezajularo]/
0
|
эргъезабуларо
/[ʔerʁezabularo]/
0
|
эргъезаруларо
/[ʔerʁezarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
эргъеаризе
[ʔerʁearize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
эргъеариларо
[ʔerʁearilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
эргъе-эргъезе
[ʔerʁe-erʁeze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
эргъе-эргъеларо
[ʔerʁe-erʁelaro]
0
|
|||