Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
перепасть
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Class-based
Yes
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV.CV.CCV.CV
Syllables: 6
ASCII: butʼa-ratʼashchveze
Derivational Type
- Other derivation Not specified: from бутӀа
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
Yes
Verb Class
Class III
System Information
Database ID
204390
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolew wugo]/ |
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolej jigo]/ |
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwoleb bugo]/ |
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwoleb het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
вутӀа-ратӀащвена
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwena]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвена
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwena]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвена
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwena]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвена
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwena]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвена
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwena]/
0
|
| Past Simple Negative |
вутӀа-ратӀащвечӀо
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвечӀо
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼo]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвечӀо
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвечӀо
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвечӀо
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
| Future Simple |
вутӀа-ратӀащвела
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwela]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвела
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwela]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвела
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwela]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвела
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwela]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвела
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwela]/
0
|
| Future Simple Negative |
вутӀа-ратӀащвеларо
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelaro]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвеларо
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelaro]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвеларо
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelaro]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвеларо
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwelaro]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвеларо
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelaro]/
0
|
| Constative |
вутӀа-ратӀащвола
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwola]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвола
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwola]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвола
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwola]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвола
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwola]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвола
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwola]/
0
|
| Constative Negative |
вутӀа-ратӀащволаро
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolaro]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащволаро
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolaro]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащволаро
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolaro]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащволаро
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwolaro]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащволаро
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolaro]/
0
|
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
вутӀа-ратӀащволаан
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolaan]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащволаан
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolaan]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащволаан
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolaan]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащволаан
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwolaan]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащволаан
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolaan]/
0
|
| Remote Past Negative |
вутӀа-ратӀащволароан
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolaroan]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащволароан
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolaroan]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащволароан
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolaroan]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащволароан
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwolaroan]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащволароан
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolaroan]/
0
|
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
вутӀа-ратӀащве
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwe]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащве
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwe]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащве
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwe]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащве
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwe]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащве
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwe]/
0
|
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
вутӀа-ратӀащвоге
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwoge]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвоге
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwoge]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвоге
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwoge]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвоге
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwoge]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвоге
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwoge]/
0
|
| Optative |
вутӀа-ратӀащвеги
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwegi]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвеги
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwegi]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвеги
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwegi]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвеги
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwegi]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвеги
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwegi]/
0
|
| Prohibitive Optative |
вутӀа-ратӀащвогеги
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwogegi]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвогеги
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwogegi]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвогеги
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwogegi]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвогеги
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwogegi]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвогеги
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwogegi]/
0
|
| Hortative |
вутӀа-ратӀащвезин
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezin]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвезин
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezin]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвезин
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezin]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвезин
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwezin]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвезин
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezin]/
0
|
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
вутӀа-ратӀащвени
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːweni]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвени
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːweni]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвени
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːweni]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвени
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːweni]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвени
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːweni]/
0
|
| Conditional Negative |
вутӀа-ратӀащвечӀони
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвечӀони
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼoni]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвечӀони
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвечӀони
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвечӀони
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
вутӀа-ратӀащвенищ
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːweniʃː]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвенищ
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːweniʃː]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвенищ
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːweniʃː]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвенищ
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːweniʃː]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвенищ
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːweniʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
вутӀа-ратӀащвечӀищ
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвечӀищ
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвечӀищ
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвечӀищ
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвечӀищ
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
вутӀа-ратӀащволищ
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwoliʃː]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащволищ
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwoliʃː]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащволищ
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwoliʃː]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащволищ
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwoliʃː]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащволищ
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwoliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
вутӀа-ратӀащволарищ
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolariʃː]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащволарищ
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolariʃː]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащволарищ
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolariʃː]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащволарищ
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwolariʃː]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащволарищ
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolariʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
вутӀа-ратӀащвелищ
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːweliʃː]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвелищ
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːweliʃː]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвелищ
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːweliʃː]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвелищ
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːweliʃː]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвелищ
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːweliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
вутӀа-ратӀащвеларищ
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelariʃː]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвеларищ
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelariʃː]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвеларищ
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelariʃː]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвеларищ
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwelariʃː]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвеларищ
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelariʃː]/
0
|
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
вутӀа-ратӀащверав
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːweraw]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащверай
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːweraj]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащверай
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːweraj]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвераб
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwerab]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверал
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːweral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
вутӀа-ратӀащвечӀев
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвечӀей
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼej]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвечӀей
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвечӀеб
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвечӀел
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
вутӀа-ратӀащволев
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolew]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащволей
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolej]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащволей
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolej]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащволеб
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwoleb]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащволел
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
вутӀа-ратӀащволарев
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolarew]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащволарей
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolarej]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащволарей
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolarej]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащволареб
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwolareb]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащволарел
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
вутӀа-ратӀащвелев
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelew]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвелей
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelej]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвелей
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelej]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвелеб
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːweleb]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвелел
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
вутӀа-ратӀащвеларев
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelarew]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвеларей
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelarej]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвеларей
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelarej]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвелареб
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwelareb]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвеларел
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
вутӀа-ратӀащвезехъин
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezeq͡χːin]/
🔒
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвезехъин
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezeq͡χːin]/
🔒
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвезехъин
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezeq͡χːin]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвезехъин
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwezeq͡χːin]/
🔒
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвезехъин
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezeq͡χːin]/
🔒
0
|
| Intentional Participle Negative |
вутӀа-ратӀащвезехъинро
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвезехъинро
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezeq͡χːinro]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвезехъинро
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвезехъинро
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwezeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвезехъинро
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
| Optative Participle |
вутӀа-ратӀащвеяв
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwejaw]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвеяй
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwejaj]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвеяй
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwejaj]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвеяб
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwejab]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвеял
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
вутӀа-ратӀащверав
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащверай
0
ютӀа-ратӀащверай
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвераб
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверал
0
|
| Ergative |
вутӀа-ратӀащверас
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъ
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъ
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъ
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвераз
0
|
| Genitive |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасул
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъул
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъул
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъул
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазул
0
|
| Dative |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасе
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъе
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъе
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъе
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасда
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъда
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъда
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъда
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасде
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъде
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъде
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъде
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасдаса
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъдаса
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъдаса
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъдаса
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвераздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасдасан
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъдасан
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъдасан
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъдасан
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвераздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасухъ
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъухъ
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъухъ
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъухъ
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасухъе
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъухъе
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъухъе
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъухъе
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасухъа
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъухъа
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъухъа
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъухъа
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасухъан
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъухъан
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъухъан
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъухъан
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасулъ
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъулъ
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъулъ
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъулъ
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасулъе
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъулъе
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъулъе
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъулъе
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасулъа
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъулъа
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъулъа
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъулъа
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасулъан
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъулъан
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъулъан
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъулъан
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасукь
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъукь
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъукь
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъукь
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасукье
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъукье
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъукье
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъукье
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасукьа
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъукьа
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъукьа
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъукьа
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
вутӀа-ратӀащверасукьан
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвералъукьан
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвералъукьан
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвералъукьан
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащверазукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
вутӀа-ратӀащвон
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwon]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвон
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwon]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвон
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwon]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвон
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwon]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвон
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwon]/
0
|
| Adverbial Past |
вутӀа-ратӀащвон
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwon]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвон
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwon]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвон
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwon]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвон
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwon]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвон
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwon]/
0
|
| Adverbial Past Negative |
вутӀа-ратӀащвечӀого
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвечӀого
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼogo]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвечӀого
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвечӀого
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвечӀого
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwet͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
| Adverbial General |
вутӀа-ратӀащволаго
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolago]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащволаго
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolago]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащволаго
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolago]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащволаго
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwolago]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащволаго
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolago]/
0
|
| Adverbial General Negative |
вутӀа-ратӀащволарого
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolarogo]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащволарого
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolarogo]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащволарого
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolarogo]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащволарого
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwolarogo]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащволарого
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwolarogo]/
0
|
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
вутӀа-ратӀащвей
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwej]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвей
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwej]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвей
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwej]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвей
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwej]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвей
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwej]/
0
|
| Infinitive |
вутӀа-ратӀащвезе
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːweze]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвезе
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːweze]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвезе
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːweze]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвезе
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːweze]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвезе
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːweze]/
0
|
| Causative |
вутӀа-ратӀащвезавизе
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezawize]/
🔒
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвезайизе
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezajize]/
🔒
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвезайизе
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezajize]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвезабизе
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwezabize]/
🔒
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвезаризе
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
вутӀа-ратӀащвезавуларо
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezawularo]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвезайуларо
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezajularo]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвезайуларо
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezajularo]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвезабуларо
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwezabularo]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвезаруларо
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwezarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
вутӀа-ратӀащвеаризе
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwearize]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвеаризе
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwearize]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвеаризе
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwearize]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвеаризе
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwearize]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвеаризе
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwearize]/
0
|
| Durative Negative |
вутӀа-ратӀащвеариларо
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwearilaro]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащвеариларо
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwearilaro]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащвеариларо
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwearilaro]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащвеариларо
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːwearilaro]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащвеариларо
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwearilaro]/
0
|
| Frequentative |
вутӀа-ратӀащв-вутӀа-ратӀащвезе
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːw-wutʼa-ratʼaʃːweze]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащв-йутӀа-ратӀащвезе
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːw-jutʼa-ratʼaʃːweze]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащв-ютӀа-ратӀащвезе
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːw-jutʼa-ratʼaʃːweze]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащв-бутӀа-ратӀащвезе
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːw-butʼa-ratʼaʃːweze]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащв-рутӀа-ратӀащвезе
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːw-rutʼa-ratʼaʃːweze]/
0
|
| Frequentative Negative |
вутӀа-ратӀащв-вутӀа-ратӀащвеларо
/[wutʼa-ratʼaʃːw-wutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelaro]/
0
|
йутӀа-ратӀащв-йутӀа-ратӀащвеларо
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːw-jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelaro]/
0
ютӀа-ратӀащв-ютӀа-ратӀащвеларо
/[jutʼa-ratʼaʃːw-jutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelaro]/
0
|
бутӀа-ратӀащв-бутӀа-ратӀащвеларо
/[butʼa-ratʼaʃːw-butʼa-ratʼaʃːwelaro]/
0
|
рутӀа-ратӀащв-рутӀа-ратӀащвеларо
/[rutʼa-ratʼaʃːw-rutʼa-ratʼaʃːwelaro]/
0
|