Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
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English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: tʼirqʼize
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
207193
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[tˀirq͡χˀːulew wugo]/ |
/[tˀirq͡χˀːulej jigo]/ |
/[tˀirq͡χˀːuleb bugo]/ |
/[tˀirq͡χˀːulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[tˀirq͡χˀːulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[tˀirq͡χˀːulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[tˀirq͡χˀːuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[tˀirq͡χˀːulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
тӀиркъана
[tˀirq͡χˀːana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
тӀиркъичӀо
[tˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
тӀиркъила
[tˀirq͡χˀːila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
тӀиркъиларо
[tˀirq͡χˀːilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
тӀиркъула
[tˀirq͡χˀːula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
тӀиркъуларо
[tˀirq͡χˀːularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
тӀиркъулаан
[tʼirq͡χʼːulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
тӀиркъулароан
[tʼirq͡χʼːularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
тӀиркъе
[tˀirq͡χˀːe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
тӀиркъуге
[tˀirq͡χˀːuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
тӀиркъеги
[tʼirq͡χʼːegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
тӀиркъугеги
[tˀirq͡χˀːugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
тӀиркъизин
[tˀirq͡χˀːizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
тӀиркъани
[tˀirq͡χˀːani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
тӀиркъичӀони
[tˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
тӀиркъанищ
[tˀirq͡χˀːaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀиркъичӀищ
[tˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀиркъулищ
[tˀirq͡χˀːuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀиркъуларищ
[tˀirq͡χˀːulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
тӀиркъилищ
[tˀirq͡χˀːiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀиркъиларищ
[tˀirq͡χˀːilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
тӀиркъарав
/[tˀirq͡χˀːaraw]/
0
|
тӀиркъарай
/[tˀirq͡χˀːaraj]/
0
|
тӀиркъараб
/[tˀirq͡χˀːarab]/
0
|
тӀиркъарал
/[tˀirq͡χˀːaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
тӀиркъичӀев
/[tˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
тӀиркъичӀей
/[tˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
тӀиркъичӀеб
/[tˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
тӀиркъичӀел
/[tˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
тӀиркъулев
/[tˀirq͡χˀːulew]/
0
|
тӀиркъулей
/[tˀirq͡χˀːulej]/
0
|
тӀиркъулеб
/[tˀirq͡χˀːuleb]/
0
|
тӀиркъулел
/[tˀirq͡χˀːulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
тӀиркъуларев
/[tˀirq͡χˀːularew]/
0
|
тӀиркъуларей
/[tˀirq͡χˀːularej]/
0
|
тӀиркъулареб
/[tˀirq͡χˀːulareb]/
0
|
тӀиркъуларел
/[tˀirq͡χˀːularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
тӀиркъилев
/[tˀirq͡χˀːilew]/
0
|
тӀиркъилей
/[tˀirq͡χˀːilej]/
0
|
тӀиркъилеб
/[tˀirq͡χˀːileb]/
0
|
тӀиркъилел
/[tˀirq͡χˀːilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
тӀиркъиларев
/[tˀirq͡χˀːilarew]/
0
|
тӀиркъиларей
/[tˀirq͡χˀːilarej]/
0
|
тӀиркъилареб
/[tˀirq͡χˀːilareb]/
0
|
тӀиркъиларел
/[tˀirq͡χˀːilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
тӀиркъизехъин
[tˀirq͡χˀːizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
тӀиркъизехъинро
[tˀirq͡χˀːizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
тӀиркъеяв
/[tˀirq͡χˀːejaw]/
0
|
тӀиркъеяй
/[tˀirq͡χˀːejaj]/
0
|
тӀиркъеяб
/[tˀirq͡χˀːejab]/
0
|
тӀиркъеял
/[tʼirq͡χʼːejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
тӀиркъарав
0
|
тӀиркъарай
0
|
тӀиркъараб
0
|
тӀиркъарал
0
|
| Ergative |
тӀиркъарас
0
|
тӀиркъаралъ
0
|
тӀиркъаралъ
0
|
тӀиркъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
тӀиркъарасул
0
|
тӀиркъаралъул
0
|
тӀиркъаралъул
0
|
тӀиркъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
тӀиркъарасе
0
|
тӀиркъаралъе
0
|
тӀиркъаралъе
0
|
тӀиркъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
тӀиркъарасда
0
|
тӀиркъаралъда
0
|
тӀиркъаралъда
0
|
тӀиркъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
тӀиркъарасде
0
|
тӀиркъаралъде
0
|
тӀиркъаралъде
0
|
тӀиркъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
тӀиркъарасдаса
0
|
тӀиркъаралъдаса
0
|
тӀиркъаралъдаса
0
|
тӀиркъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
тӀиркъарасдасан
0
|
тӀиркъаралъдасан
0
|
тӀиркъаралъдасан
0
|
тӀиркъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
тӀиркъарасухъ
0
|
тӀиркъаралъухъ
0
|
тӀиркъаралъухъ
0
|
тӀиркъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
тӀиркъарасухъе
0
|
тӀиркъаралъухъе
0
|
тӀиркъаралъухъе
0
|
тӀиркъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
тӀиркъарасухъа
0
|
тӀиркъаралъухъа
0
|
тӀиркъаралъухъа
0
|
тӀиркъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
тӀиркъарасухъан
0
|
тӀиркъаралъухъан
0
|
тӀиркъаралъухъан
0
|
тӀиркъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
тӀиркъарасулъ
0
|
тӀиркъаралъулъ
0
|
тӀиркъаралъулъ
0
|
тӀиркъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
тӀиркъарасулъе
0
|
тӀиркъаралъулъе
0
|
тӀиркъаралъулъе
0
|
тӀиркъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
тӀиркъарасулъа
0
|
тӀиркъаралъулъа
0
|
тӀиркъаралъулъа
0
|
тӀиркъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
тӀиркъарасулъан
0
|
тӀиркъаралъулъан
0
|
тӀиркъаралъулъан
0
|
тӀиркъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
тӀиркъарасукь
0
|
тӀиркъаралъукь
0
|
тӀиркъаралъукь
0
|
тӀиркъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
тӀиркъарасукье
0
|
тӀиркъаралъукье
0
|
тӀиркъаралъукье
0
|
тӀиркъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
тӀиркъарасукьа
0
|
тӀиркъаралъукьа
0
|
тӀиркъаралъукьа
0
|
тӀиркъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
тӀиркъарасукьан
0
|
тӀиркъаралъукьан
0
|
тӀиркъаралъукьан
0
|
тӀиркъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
тӀиркъун
[tʼirq͡χʼːun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
тӀиркъун
[tˀirq͡χˀːun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
тӀиркъичӀого
[tˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
тӀиркъулаго
[tˀirq͡χˀːulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
тӀиркъуларого
[tˀirq͡χˀːularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
тӀиркъи
[tˀirq͡χˀːi]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
тӀиркъизе
[tˀirq͡χˀːize]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
тӀиркъизавизе
/[tʼirq͡χʼːizawize]/
🔒
0
|
тӀиркъизайизе
/[tʼirq͡χʼːizajize]/
🔒
0
|
тӀиркъизабизе
/[tˀirq͡χˀːizabize]/
🔒
1
|
тӀиркъизаризе
/[tʼirq͡χʼːizarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
тӀиркъизавуларо
/[tʼirq͡χʼːizawularo]/
0
|
тӀиркъизайуларо
/[tʼirq͡χʼːizajularo]/
0
|
тӀиркъизабуларо
/[tˀirq͡χˀːizabularo]/
0
|
тӀиркъизаруларо
/[tʼirq͡χʼːizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
тӀиркъиаризе
[tˀirq͡χˀːijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
тӀиркъиариларо
[tˀirq͡χˀːijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
тӀиркъ-тӀиркъизе
[tˀirq͡χˀː-tˀirq͡χˀːize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
тӀиркъ-тӀиркъиларо
[tˀirq͡χˀː-tˀirq͡χˀːilaro]
0
|
|||