Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
поторопиться
спешить
торопиться
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: hhalakine
Derivation Method
Derived From
Derivation Suffix
-к-ин
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
208706
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
2
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[ħalakʰunew wugo]/ |
/[ħalakʰunej jigo]/ |
/[ħalakʰuneb bugo]/ |
/[ħalakʰunel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[ħalakʰunew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[ħalakʰunej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[ħalakʰuneb het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[ħalakʰunel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
хӀалакана
[ħalakʰana]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
хӀалакинчӀо
[ħalakʰint͡ʃˀo]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Future Simple |
хӀалакина
[ħalakʰina]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
хӀалакинаро
[ħalakʰinaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
хӀалакуна
[ħalakʰuna]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
хӀалакунаро
[ħalakʰunaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
хӀалакунаан
[ħalakʰunajan]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
хӀалакунароан
[ħalakʰunarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
хӀалака
[ħalakʰa]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
хӀалакунге
[ħalakʰunge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
хӀалакаги
[ħalakʰagi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
хӀалакунгеги
[ħalakʰungegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
хӀалакинин
[ħalakʰinin]
🔒
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
хӀалакани
[ħalakʰani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
хӀалакинчӀони
[ħalakʰint͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
хӀалаканищ
[ħalakʰaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀалакинчӀищ
[ħalakʰint͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀалакунищ
[ħalakʰuniʃː]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀалакунарищ
[ħalakʰunariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
хӀалакинищ
[ħalakʰiniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀалакинарищ
[ħalakʰinariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
хӀалакарав
/[ħalakʰaraw]/
🔒
2
|
хӀалакарай
/[ħalakʰaraj]/
0
|
хӀалакараб
/[ħalakʰarab]/
🔒
3
|
хӀалакарал
/[ħalakʰaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
хӀалакинчӀев
/[ħalakʰint͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
хӀалакинчӀей
/[ħalakʰint͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
хӀалакинчӀеб
/[ħalakʰint͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
хӀалакинчӀел
/[ħalakʰint͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
хӀалакунев
/[ħalakʰunew]/
🔒
1
|
хӀалакуней
/[ħalakʰunej]/
0
|
хӀалакунеб
/[ħalakʰuneb]/
0
|
хӀалакунел
/[ħalakʰunel]/
🔒
1
|
| Present Participle Negative |
хӀалакунарев
/[ħalakʰunarew]/
0
|
хӀалакунарей
/[ħalakʰunarej]/
0
|
хӀалакунареб
/[ħalakʰunareb]/
0
|
хӀалакунарел
/[ħalakʰunarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
хӀалакинев
/[ħalakʰinew]/
0
|
хӀалакиней
/[ħalakʰinej]/
0
|
хӀалакинеб
/[ħalakʰineb]/
0
|
хӀалакинел
/[ħalakʰinel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
хӀалакинарев
/[ħalakʰinarew]/
0
|
хӀалакинарей
/[ħalakʰinarej]/
0
|
хӀалакинареб
/[ħalakʰinareb]/
0
|
хӀалакинарел
/[ħalakʰinarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
хӀалакинехъин
[ħalakʰineq͡χːin]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
хӀалакинехъинро
[ħalakʰineq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
хӀалакаяв
/[ħalakʰajaw]/
0
|
хӀалакаяй
/[ħalakʰajaj]/
0
|
хӀалакаяб
/[ħalakʰajab]/
0
|
хӀалакаял
/[ħalakʰajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
хӀалакарав
2
|
хӀалакарай
0
|
хӀалакараб
3
|
хӀалакарал
0
|
| Ergative |
хӀалакарас
0
|
хӀалакаралъ
0
|
хӀалакаралъ
0
|
хӀалакараз
0
|
| Genitive |
хӀалакарасул
0
|
хӀалакаралъул
0
|
хӀалакаралъул
0
|
хӀалакаразул
0
|
| Dative |
хӀалакарасе
0
|
хӀалакаралъе
0
|
хӀалакаралъе
0
|
хӀалакаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
хӀалакарасда
0
|
хӀалакаралъда
0
|
хӀалакаралъда
0
|
хӀалакаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
хӀалакарасде
0
|
хӀалакаралъде
0
|
хӀалакаралъде
0
|
хӀалакаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
хӀалакарасдаса
0
|
хӀалакаралъдаса
0
|
хӀалакаралъдаса
0
|
хӀалакараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
хӀалакарасдасан
0
|
хӀалакаралъдасан
0
|
хӀалакаралъдасан
0
|
хӀалакараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
хӀалакарасухъ
0
|
хӀалакаралъухъ
0
|
хӀалакаралъухъ
0
|
хӀалакаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
хӀалакарасухъе
0
|
хӀалакаралъухъе
0
|
хӀалакаралъухъе
0
|
хӀалакаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
хӀалакарасухъа
0
|
хӀалакаралъухъа
0
|
хӀалакаралъухъа
0
|
хӀалакаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
хӀалакарасухъан
0
|
хӀалакаралъухъан
0
|
хӀалакаралъухъан
0
|
хӀалакаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
хӀалакарасулъ
0
|
хӀалакаралъулъ
0
|
хӀалакаралъулъ
0
|
хӀалакаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
хӀалакарасулъе
0
|
хӀалакаралъулъе
0
|
хӀалакаралъулъе
0
|
хӀалакаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
хӀалакарасулъа
0
|
хӀалакаралъулъа
0
|
хӀалакаралъулъа
0
|
хӀалакаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
хӀалакарасулъан
0
|
хӀалакаралъулъан
0
|
хӀалакаралъулъан
0
|
хӀалакаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
хӀалакарасукь
0
|
хӀалакаралъукь
0
|
хӀалакаралъукь
0
|
хӀалакаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
хӀалакарасукье
0
|
хӀалакаралъукье
0
|
хӀалакаралъукье
0
|
хӀалакаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
хӀалакарасукьа
0
|
хӀалакаралъукьа
0
|
хӀалакаралъукьа
0
|
хӀалакаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
хӀалакарасукьан
0
|
хӀалакаралъукьан
0
|
хӀалакаралъукьан
0
|
хӀалакаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
хӀалакун
[ħalakʰun]
🔒
15
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
хӀалакун
[ħalakʰun]
🔒
15
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
хӀалакинчӀого
[ħalakʰint͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
хӀалакунаго
[ħalakʰunago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
хӀалакунарого
[ħalakʰunarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
хӀалакин
[ħalakʰin]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Infinitive |
хӀалакине
[ħalakʰine]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Causative |
хӀалакинавизе
/[ħalakʰinawize]/
🔒
0
|
хӀалакинайизе
/[ħalakʰinajize]/
0
|
хӀалакинабизе
/[ħalakʰinabize]/
🔒
0
|
хӀалакинаризе
/[ħalakʰinarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
хӀалакинавуларо
/[ħalakʰinawularo]/
0
|
хӀалакинайуларо
/[ħalakʰinajularo]/
0
|
хӀалакинабуларо
/[ħalakʰinabularo]/
0
|
хӀалакинаруларо
/[ħalakʰinarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
хӀалаканхъизе
[ħalakʰanq͡χːize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
хӀалаканхъиларо
[ħalakʰanq͡χːilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
хӀалак-хӀалакине
[ħalakʰ-ħalakʰine]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
хӀалак-хӀалакинаро
[ħalakʰ-ħalakʰinaro]
0
|
|||