Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
проводить
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: tʼovitʼize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
211357
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
9
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[tˀowitˀulew wugo]/ |
/[tˀowitˀulej jigo]/ |
/[tˀowitˀuleb bugo]/ |
/[tˀowitˀulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[tˀowitˀulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[tˀowitˀulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[tˀowitˀuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[tˀowitˀulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
тӀовитӀана
[tˀowitˀana]
🔒
15
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
тӀовитӀичӀо
[tˀowitˀit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
тӀовитӀила
[tˀowitˀila]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
тӀовитӀиларо
[tˀowitˀilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
тӀовитӀула
[tˀowitˀula]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
тӀовитӀуларо
[tˀowitˀularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
тӀовитӀулаан
[tʼowitʼulajan]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
тӀовитӀулароан
[tʼowitʼularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
тӀовитӀе
[tˀowitˀe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
тӀовитӀуге
[tˀowitˀuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
тӀовитӀеги
[tʼowitʼegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
тӀовитӀугеги
[tˀowitˀugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
тӀовитӀизин
[tˀowitˀizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
тӀовитӀани
[tˀowitˀani]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
тӀовитӀичӀони
[tˀowitˀit͡ʃˀoni]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
тӀовитӀанищ
[tˀowitˀaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀовитӀичӀищ
[tˀowitˀit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀовитӀулищ
[tˀowitˀuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀовитӀуларищ
[tˀowitˀulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
тӀовитӀилищ
[tˀowitˀiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀовитӀиларищ
[tˀowitˀilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
тӀовитӀарав
/[tˀowitˀaraw]/
🔒
8
|
тӀовитӀарай
/[tˀowitˀaraj]/
🔒
1
|
тӀовитӀараб
/[tˀowitˀarab]/
🔒
2
|
тӀовитӀарал
/[tˀowitˀaral]/
🔒
1
|
| Past Participle Negative |
тӀовитӀичӀев
/[tˀowitˀit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
тӀовитӀичӀей
/[tˀowitˀit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
тӀовитӀичӀеб
/[tˀowitˀit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
тӀовитӀичӀел
/[tˀowitˀit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
тӀовитӀулев
/[tˀowitˀulew]/
🔒
4
|
тӀовитӀулей
/[tˀowitˀulej]/
0
|
тӀовитӀулеб
/[tˀowitˀuleb]/
🔒
1
|
тӀовитӀулел
/[tˀowitˀulel]/
🔒
1
|
| Present Participle Negative |
тӀовитӀуларев
/[tˀowitˀularew]/
0
|
тӀовитӀуларей
/[tˀowitˀularej]/
0
|
тӀовитӀулареб
/[tˀowitˀulareb]/
0
|
тӀовитӀуларел
/[tˀowitˀularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
тӀовитӀилев
/[tˀowitˀilew]/
0
|
тӀовитӀилей
/[tˀowitˀilej]/
0
|
тӀовитӀилеб
/[tˀowitˀileb]/
0
|
тӀовитӀилел
/[tˀowitˀilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
тӀовитӀиларев
/[tˀowitˀilarew]/
0
|
тӀовитӀиларей
/[tˀowitˀilarej]/
0
|
тӀовитӀилареб
/[tˀowitˀilareb]/
0
|
тӀовитӀиларел
/[tˀowitˀilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
тӀовитӀизехъин
[tˀowitˀizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
тӀовитӀизехъинро
[tˀowitˀizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
тӀовитӀеяв
/[tˀowitˀejaw]/
0
|
тӀовитӀеяй
/[tˀowitˀejaj]/
0
|
тӀовитӀеяб
/[tˀowitˀejab]/
0
|
тӀовитӀеял
/[tʼowitʼejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
тӀовитӀарав
8
|
тӀовитӀарай
1
|
тӀовитӀараб
2
|
тӀовитӀарал
1
|
| Ergative |
тӀовитӀарас
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъ
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъ
0
|
тӀовитӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
тӀовитӀарасул
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъул
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъул
0
|
тӀовитӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
тӀовитӀарасе
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъе
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъе
0
|
тӀовитӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
тӀовитӀарасда
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъда
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъда
0
|
тӀовитӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
тӀовитӀарасде
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъде
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъде
0
|
тӀовитӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
тӀовитӀарасдаса
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъдаса
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъдаса
0
|
тӀовитӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
тӀовитӀарасдасан
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъдасан
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъдасан
0
|
тӀовитӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
тӀовитӀарасухъ
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъухъ
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъухъ
0
|
тӀовитӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
тӀовитӀарасухъе
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъухъе
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъухъе
0
|
тӀовитӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
тӀовитӀарасухъа
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъухъа
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъухъа
0
|
тӀовитӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
тӀовитӀарасухъан
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъухъан
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъухъан
0
|
тӀовитӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
тӀовитӀарасулъ
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъулъ
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъулъ
0
|
тӀовитӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
тӀовитӀарасулъе
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъулъе
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъулъе
0
|
тӀовитӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
тӀовитӀарасулъа
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъулъа
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъулъа
0
|
тӀовитӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
тӀовитӀарасулъан
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъулъан
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъулъан
0
|
тӀовитӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
тӀовитӀарасукь
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъукь
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъукь
0
|
тӀовитӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
тӀовитӀарасукье
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъукье
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъукье
0
|
тӀовитӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
тӀовитӀарасукьа
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъукьа
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъукьа
0
|
тӀовитӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
тӀовитӀарасукьан
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъукьан
0
|
тӀовитӀаралъукьан
0
|
тӀовитӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
тӀовитӀун
[tʼowitʼun]
🔒
32
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
тӀовитӀун
[tˀowitˀun]
🔒
32
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
тӀовитӀичӀого
[tˀowitˀit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
тӀовитӀулаго
[tˀowitˀulago]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
тӀовитӀуларого
[tˀowitˀularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
тӀовитӀи
[tˀowitˀi]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Infinitive |
тӀовитӀизе
[tˀowitˀize]
🔒
9
|
|||
| Causative |
тӀовитӀизавизе
/[tʼowitʼizawize]/
0
|
тӀовитӀизайизе
/[tʼowitʼizajize]/
0
|
тӀовитӀизабизе
/[tˀowitˀizabize]/
0
|
тӀовитӀизаризе
/[tʼowitʼizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
тӀовитӀизавуларо
/[tʼowitʼizawularo]/
0
|
тӀовитӀизайуларо
/[tʼowitʼizajularo]/
0
|
тӀовитӀизабуларо
/[tˀowitˀizabularo]/
0
|
тӀовитӀизаруларо
/[tʼowitʼizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
тӀовитӀиаризе
[tˀowitˀijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
тӀовитӀиариларо
[tˀowitˀijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
тӀовитӀ-тӀовитӀизе
[tˀowitˀ-tˀowitˀize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
тӀовитӀ-тӀовитӀиларо
[tˀowitˀ-tˀowitˀilaro]
0
|
|||