Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
развернуть
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: ts'avuts'ts'ine
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
213545
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunew wugo]/ |
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunej jigo]/ |
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːuneb bugo]/ |
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːuneb het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
цӀавуцӀцӀана
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
цӀавуцӀцӀинчӀо
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːint͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
цӀавуцӀцӀина
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːina]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
цӀавуцӀцӀинаро
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːinaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
цӀавуцӀцӀуна
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːuna]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
цӀавуцӀцӀунаро
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːunaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
цӀавуцӀцӀунаан
[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
цӀавуцӀцӀунароан
[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
цӀавуцӀцӀа
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːa]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
цӀавуцӀцӀунге
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːunge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
цӀавуцӀцӀаги
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːagi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
цӀавуцӀцӀунгеги
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːungegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
цӀавуцӀцӀинин
[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːinin]
🔒
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
цӀавуцӀцӀани
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
цӀавуцӀцӀинчӀони
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːint͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
цӀавуцӀцӀанищ
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинчӀищ
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːint͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀавуцӀцӀунищ
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːuniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀавуцӀцӀунарищ
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːunariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинищ
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːiniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинарищ
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːinariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
цӀавуцӀцӀарав
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːaraw]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀарай
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːaraj]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀараб
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːarab]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀарал
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
цӀавуцӀцӀинчӀев
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːint͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинчӀей
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːint͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинчӀеб
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːint͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинчӀел
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːint͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
цӀавуцӀцӀунев
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunew]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀуней
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunej]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀунеб
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːuneb]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀунел
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
цӀавуцӀцӀунарев
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunarew]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀунарей
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunarej]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀунареб
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunareb]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀунарел
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
цӀавуцӀцӀинев
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːinew]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀиней
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːinej]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинеб
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːineb]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинел
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːinel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
цӀавуцӀцӀинарев
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːinarew]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинарей
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːinarej]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинареб
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːinareb]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинарел
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːinarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
цӀавуцӀцӀинехъин
[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːineq͡χːin]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
цӀавуцӀцӀинехъинро
[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːineq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
цӀавуцӀцӀаяв
/[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːajaw]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаяй
/[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːajaj]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаяб
/[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːajab]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаял
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
цӀавуцӀцӀарав
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀарай
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀараб
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀарал
0
|
| Ergative |
цӀавуцӀцӀарас
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъ
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъ
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасул
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъул
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъул
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасе
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъе
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъе
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасда
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъда
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъда
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасде
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъде
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъде
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасдаса
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъдаса
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъдаса
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасдасан
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъдасан
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъдасан
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасухъ
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъухъ
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъухъ
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасухъе
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъухъе
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъухъе
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасухъа
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъухъа
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъухъа
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасухъан
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъухъан
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъухъан
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасулъ
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъулъ
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъулъ
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасулъе
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъулъе
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъулъе
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасулъа
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъулъа
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъулъа
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасулъан
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъулъан
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъулъан
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасукь
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъукь
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъукь
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасукье
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъукье
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъукье
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасукьа
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъукьа
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъукьа
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
цӀавуцӀцӀарасукьан
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъукьан
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаралъукьан
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
цӀавуцӀцӀун
[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
цӀавуцӀцӀун
[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
цӀавуцӀцӀинчӀого
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːint͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
цӀавуцӀцӀунаго
[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːunago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
цӀавуцӀцӀунарого
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːunarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
цӀавуцӀцӀин
[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːin]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
цӀавуцӀцӀине
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːine]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
цӀавуцӀцӀинавизе
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːinawize]/
🔒
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинайизе
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːinajize]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинабизе
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːinabize]/
🔒
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинаризе
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːinarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
цӀавуцӀцӀинавуларо
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːinawularo]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинайуларо
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːinajularo]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинабуларо
/[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːinabularo]/
0
|
цӀавуцӀцӀинаруларо
/[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːinarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
цӀавуцӀцӀанхъизе
[t͡sʼawut͡sʼːanq͡χːize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
цӀавуцӀцӀанхъиларо
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀːanq͡χːilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
цӀавуцӀцӀ-цӀавуцӀцӀине
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀː-t͡sˀawut͡sˀːine]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
цӀавуцӀцӀ-цӀавуцӀцӀинаро
[t͡sˀawut͡sˀː-t͡sˀawut͡sˀːinaro]
0
|
|||