Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
распороть
распороться
расцепить
расцепиться
расшить
спороть
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: ch'alkhine
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
215177
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
2
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
чӀалхана
[t͡ʃˀalχana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
чӀалхинчӀо
[t͡ʃˀalχint͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
чӀалхина
[t͡ʃˀalχina]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
чӀалхинаро
[t͡ʃˀalχinaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
чӀалхуна
[t͡ʃˀalχuna]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
чӀалхунаро
[t͡ʃˀalχunaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
чӀалхунаан
[t͡ʃʼalχunajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
чӀалхунароан
[t͡ʃʼalχunarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
чӀалха
[t͡ʃˀalχa]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
чӀалхунге
[t͡ʃˀalχunge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
чӀалхаги
[t͡ʃˀalχagi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
чӀалхунгеги
[t͡ʃˀalχungegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
чӀалхинин
[t͡ʃʼalχinin]
🔒
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
чӀалхани
[t͡ʃˀalχani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
чӀалхинчӀони
[t͡ʃˀalχint͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
чӀалханищ
[t͡ʃˀalχaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀалхинчӀищ
[t͡ʃˀalχint͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀалхунищ
[t͡ʃˀalχuniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀалхунарищ
[t͡ʃˀalχunariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
чӀалхинищ
[t͡ʃˀalχiniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀалхинарищ
[t͡ʃˀalχinariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
чӀалхарав
/[t͡ʃʼalχaraw]/
0
|
чӀалхарай
/[t͡ʃʼalχaraj]/
0
|
чӀалхараб
/[t͡ʃˀalχarab]/
🔒
3
|
чӀалхарал
/[t͡ʃˀalχaral]/
🔒
1
|
| Past Participle Negative |
чӀалхинчӀев
/[t͡ʃʼalχint͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
чӀалхинчӀей
/[t͡ʃʼalχint͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
чӀалхинчӀеб
/[t͡ʃʼalχint͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
чӀалхинчӀел
/[t͡ʃʼalχint͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
чӀалхунев
/[t͡ʃʼalχunew]/
0
|
чӀалхуней
/[t͡ʃʼalχunej]/
0
|
чӀалхунеб
/[t͡ʃˀalχuneb]/
🔒
1
|
чӀалхунел
/[t͡ʃʼalχunel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
чӀалхунарев
/[t͡ʃʼalχunarew]/
0
|
чӀалхунарей
/[t͡ʃʼalχunarej]/
0
|
чӀалхунареб
/[t͡ʃʼalχunareb]/
0
|
чӀалхунарел
/[t͡ʃʼalχunarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
чӀалхинев
/[t͡ʃʼalχinew]/
0
|
чӀалхиней
/[t͡ʃʼalχinej]/
0
|
чӀалхинеб
/[t͡ʃʼalχineb]/
0
|
чӀалхинел
/[t͡ʃʼalχinel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
чӀалхинарев
/[t͡ʃʼalχinarew]/
0
|
чӀалхинарей
/[t͡ʃʼalχinarej]/
0
|
чӀалхинареб
/[t͡ʃʼalχinareb]/
0
|
чӀалхинарел
/[t͡ʃʼalχinarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
чӀалхинехъин
[t͡ʃʼalχineq͡χːin]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
чӀалхинехъинро
[t͡ʃʼalχineq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
чӀалхаяв
/[t͡ʃˀalχajaw]/
0
|
чӀалхаяй
/[t͡ʃˀalχajaj]/
0
|
чӀалхаяб
/[t͡ʃˀalχajab]/
0
|
чӀалхаял
/[t͡ʃʼalχajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
чӀалхарав
0
|
чӀалхарай
0
|
чӀалхараб
3
|
чӀалхарал
1
|
| Ergative |
чӀалхарас
0
|
чӀалхаралъ
0
|
чӀалхаралъ
0
|
чӀалхараз
0
|
| Genitive |
чӀалхарасул
0
|
чӀалхаралъул
0
|
чӀалхаралъул
0
|
чӀалхаразул
0
|
| Dative |
чӀалхарасе
0
|
чӀалхаралъе
0
|
чӀалхаралъе
0
|
чӀалхаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
чӀалхарасда
0
|
чӀалхаралъда
0
|
чӀалхаралъда
0
|
чӀалхаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
чӀалхарасде
0
|
чӀалхаралъде
0
|
чӀалхаралъде
0
|
чӀалхаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
чӀалхарасдаса
0
|
чӀалхаралъдаса
0
|
чӀалхаралъдаса
0
|
чӀалхараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
чӀалхарасдасан
0
|
чӀалхаралъдасан
0
|
чӀалхаралъдасан
0
|
чӀалхараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
чӀалхарасухъ
0
|
чӀалхаралъухъ
0
|
чӀалхаралъухъ
0
|
чӀалхаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
чӀалхарасухъе
0
|
чӀалхаралъухъе
0
|
чӀалхаралъухъе
0
|
чӀалхаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
чӀалхарасухъа
0
|
чӀалхаралъухъа
0
|
чӀалхаралъухъа
0
|
чӀалхаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
чӀалхарасухъан
0
|
чӀалхаралъухъан
0
|
чӀалхаралъухъан
0
|
чӀалхаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
чӀалхарасулъ
0
|
чӀалхаралъулъ
0
|
чӀалхаралъулъ
0
|
чӀалхаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
чӀалхарасулъе
0
|
чӀалхаралъулъе
0
|
чӀалхаралъулъе
0
|
чӀалхаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
чӀалхарасулъа
0
|
чӀалхаралъулъа
0
|
чӀалхаралъулъа
0
|
чӀалхаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
чӀалхарасулъан
0
|
чӀалхаралъулъан
0
|
чӀалхаралъулъан
0
|
чӀалхаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
чӀалхарасукь
0
|
чӀалхаралъукь
0
|
чӀалхаралъукь
0
|
чӀалхаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
чӀалхарасукье
0
|
чӀалхаралъукье
0
|
чӀалхаралъукье
0
|
чӀалхаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
чӀалхарасукьа
0
|
чӀалхаралъукьа
0
|
чӀалхаралъукьа
0
|
чӀалхаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
чӀалхарасукьан
0
|
чӀалхаралъукьан
0
|
чӀалхаралъукьан
0
|
чӀалхаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
чӀалхун
[t͡ʃʼalχun]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
чӀалхун
[t͡ʃˀalχun]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
чӀалхинчӀого
[t͡ʃˀalχint͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
чӀалхунаго
[t͡ʃʼalχunago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
чӀалхунарого
[t͡ʃˀalχunarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
чӀалхин
[t͡ʃʼalχin]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
чӀалхине
[t͡ʃˀalχine]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Causative |
чӀалхинавизе
/[t͡ʃʼalχinawize]/
🔒
0
|
чӀалхинайизе
/[t͡ʃʼalχinajize]/
0
|
чӀалхинабизе
/[t͡ʃʼalχinabize]/
🔒
0
|
чӀалхинаризе
/[t͡ʃʼalχinarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
чӀалхинавуларо
/[t͡ʃʼalχinawularo]/
0
|
чӀалхинайуларо
/[t͡ʃʼalχinajularo]/
0
|
чӀалхинабуларо
/[t͡ʃˀalχinabularo]/
0
|
чӀалхинаруларо
/[t͡ʃʼalχinarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
чӀалханхъизе
[t͡ʃʼalχanq͡χːize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
чӀалханхъиларо
[t͡ʃˀalχanq͡χːilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
чӀалх-чӀалхине
[t͡ʃˀalχ-t͡ʃˀalχine]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
чӀалх-чӀалхинаро
[t͡ʃˀalχ-t͡ʃˀalχinaro]
0
|
|||