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Russian
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📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 5
ASCII: zhunizabize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
217861
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[ʒunizawulew wugo]/ |
/[ʒunizajulej jigo]/ |
/[ʒunizabuleb bugo]/ |
/[ʒunizarulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[ʒunizawulew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[ʒunizajulej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[ʒunizabuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ʒunizarulel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
жунизавуна
/[ʒunizawuna]/
0
|
жунизайуна
/[ʒunizajuna]/
0
|
жунизабуна
/[ʒunizabuna]/
0
|
жунизаруна
/[ʒunizaruna]/
0
|
| Past Simple Negative |
жунизавичӀо
/[ʒunizawit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
жунизайичӀо
/[ʒunizajit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
жунизабичӀо
/[ʒunizabit͡ʃˀo]/
0
|
жунизаричӀо
/[ʒunizarit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
| Future Simple |
жунизавила
/[ʒunizawila]/
0
|
жунизайила
/[ʒunizajila]/
0
|
жунизабила
/[ʒunizabila]/
0
|
жунизарила
/[ʒunizarila]/
0
|
| Future Simple Negative |
жунизавиларо
/[ʒunizawilaro]/
0
|
жунизайиларо
/[ʒunizajilaro]/
0
|
жунизабиларо
/[ʒunizabilaro]/
0
|
жунизариларо
/[ʒunizarilaro]/
0
|
| Constative |
жунизавула
/[ʒunizawula]/
0
|
жунизайула
/[ʒunizajula]/
0
|
жунизабула
/[ʒunizabula]/
0
|
жунизарула
/[ʒunizarula]/
0
|
| Constative Negative |
жунизавуларо
/[ʒunizawularo]/
0
|
жунизайуларо
/[ʒunizajularo]/
0
|
жунизабуларо
/[ʒunizabularo]/
0
|
жунизаруларо
/[ʒunizarularo]/
0
|
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
жунизавулаан
/[ʒunizawulajan]/
0
|
жунизайулаан
/[ʒunizajulajan]/
0
|
жунизабулаан
/[ʒunizabulajan]/
0
|
жунизарулаан
/[ʒunizarulajan]/
0
|
| Remote Past Negative |
жунизабулароан
/[ʒunizabularojan]/
0
|
жунизабулароан
/[ʒunizabularojan]/
0
|
жунизабулароан
/[ʒunizabularojan]/
0
|
жунизарулароан
/[ʒunizarularojan]/
0
|
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
жунизаве
/[ʒunizawe]/
0
|
жунизайе
/[ʒunizaje]/
0
|
жунизабе
/[ʒunizabe]/
0
|
жунизаре
/[ʒunizare]/
0
|
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
жунизавуге
/[ʒunizawuge]/
0
|
жунизайуге
/[ʒunizajuge]/
0
|
жунизабуге
/[ʒunizabuge]/
0
|
жунизаруге
/[ʒunizaruge]/
0
|
| Optative |
жунизабеги
/[ʒunizawegi]/
0
|
жунизабеги
/[ʒunizajegi]/
0
|
жунизабеги
/[ʒunizabegi]/
0
|
жунизареги
/[ʒunizaregi]/
0
|
| Prohibitive Optative |
жунизабугеги
/[ʒunizabugegi]/
0
|
жунизабугеги
/[ʒunizabugegi]/
0
|
жунизабугеги
/[ʒunizabugegi]/
0
|
жунизаругеги
/[ʒunizarugegi]/
0
|
| Hortative |
жунизавизин
/[ʒunizawizin]/
0
|
жунизайизин
/[ʒunizajizin]/
0
|
жунизабизин
/[ʒunizabizin]/
0
|
жунизаризин
/[ʒunizarizin]/
0
|
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
жунизавуни
/[ʒunizawuni]/
0
|
жунизайуни
/[ʒunizajuni]/
0
|
жунизабуни
/[ʒunizabuni]/
0
|
жунизаруни
/[ʒunizaruni]/
0
|
| Conditional Negative |
жунизабичӀони
/[ʒunizabit͡ʃˀoni]/
0
|
жунизабичӀони
/[ʒunizabit͡ʃˀoni]/
0
|
жунизабичӀони
/[ʒunizabit͡ʃˀoni]/
0
|
жунизаричӀони
/[ʒunizarit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
жунизавунищ
/[ʒunizawuniʃː]/
0
|
жунизайунищ
/[ʒunizajuniʃː]/
0
|
жунизабунищ
/[ʒunizabuniʃː]/
0
|
жунизарунищ
/[ʒunizaruniʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
жунизавичӀищ
/[ʒunizawit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
жунизайичӀищ
/[ʒunizajit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
жунизабичӀищ
/[ʒunizabit͡ʃˀiʃː]/
0
|
жунизаричӀищ
/[ʒunizarit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
жунизавулищ
/[ʒunizawuliʃː]/
0
|
жунизайулищ
/[ʒunizajuliʃː]/
0
|
жунизабулищ
/[ʒunizabuliʃː]/
0
|
жунизарулищ
/[ʒunizaruliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
жунизавуларищ
/[ʒunizawulariʃː]/
0
|
жунизайуларищ
/[ʒunizajulariʃː]/
0
|
жунизабуларищ
/[ʒunizabulariʃː]/
0
|
жунизаруларищ
/[ʒunizarulariʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
жунизавилищ
/[ʒunizawiliʃː]/
0
|
жунизайилищ
/[ʒunizajiliʃː]/
0
|
жунизабилищ
/[ʒunizabiliʃː]/
0
|
жунизарилищ
/[ʒunizariliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
жунизавиларищ
/[ʒunizawilariʃː]/
0
|
жунизайиларищ
/[ʒunizajilariʃː]/
0
|
жунизабиларищ
/[ʒunizabilariʃː]/
0
|
жунизариларищ
/[ʒunizarilariʃː]/
0
|
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
жунизавурав
/[ʒunizawuraw]/
0
|
жунизайурай
/[ʒunizajuraj]/
0
|
жунизабураб
/[ʒunizaburab]/
0
|
жунизарурал
/[ʒunizarural]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
жунизавичӀев
/[ʒunizawit͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
жунизайичӀей
/[ʒunizajit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
жунизабичӀеб
/[ʒunizabit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
жунизаричӀел
/[ʒunizarit͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
жунизавулев
/[ʒunizawulew]/
0
|
жунизайулей
/[ʒunizajulej]/
0
|
жунизабулеб
/[ʒunizabuleb]/
0
|
жунизарулел
/[ʒunizarulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
жунизавуларев
/[ʒunizawularew]/
0
|
жунизайуларей
/[ʒunizajularej]/
0
|
жунизабулареб
/[ʒunizabulareb]/
0
|
жунизаруларел
/[ʒunizarularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
жунизавилев
/[ʒunizawilew]/
0
|
жунизайилей
/[ʒunizajilej]/
0
|
жунизабилеб
/[ʒunizabileb]/
0
|
жунизарилел
/[ʒunizarilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
жунизавиларев
/[ʒunizawilarew]/
0
|
жунизайиларей
/[ʒunizajilarej]/
0
|
жунизабилареб
/[ʒunizabilareb]/
0
|
жунизариларел
/[ʒunizarilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
жунизавизехъин
/[ʒunizawizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
жунизайизехъин
/[ʒunizajizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
жунизабизехъин
/[ʒunizabizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
жунизаризехъин
/[ʒunizarizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle Negative |
жунизавизехъинро
/[ʒunizawizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
жунизайизехъинро
/[ʒunizajizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
жунизабизехъинро
/[ʒunizabizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
жунизаризехъинро
/[ʒunizarizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
| Optative Participle |
жунизавеяв
/[ʒunizawejaw]/
0
|
жунизайеяй
/[ʒunizajejaj]/
0
|
жунизабеяб
/[ʒunizabejab]/
0
|
жунизареял
/[ʒunizarejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
жунизавурав
0
|
жунизайурай
0
|
жунизабураб
0
|
жунизарурал
0
|
| Ergative |
жунизавурас
0
|
жунизайуралъ
0
|
жунизабуралъ
0
|
жунизарураз
0
|
| Genitive |
жунизавурасул
0
|
жунизайуралъул
0
|
жунизабуралъул
0
|
жунизаруразул
0
|
| Dative |
жунизавурасе
0
|
жунизайуралъе
0
|
жунизабуралъе
0
|
жунизаруразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
жунизавурасда
0
|
жунизайуралъда
0
|
жунизабуралъда
0
|
жунизаруразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
жунизавурасде
0
|
жунизайуралъде
0
|
жунизабуралъде
0
|
жунизаруразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
жунизавурасдаса
0
|
жунизайуралъдаса
0
|
жунизабуралъдаса
0
|
жунизарураздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
жунизавурасдасан
0
|
жунизайуралъдасан
0
|
жунизабуралъдасан
0
|
жунизарураздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
жунизавурасухъ
0
|
жунизайуралъухъ
0
|
жунизабуралъухъ
0
|
жунизаруразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
жунизавурасухъе
0
|
жунизайуралъухъе
0
|
жунизабуралъухъе
0
|
жунизаруразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
жунизавурасухъа
0
|
жунизайуралъухъа
0
|
жунизабуралъухъа
0
|
жунизаруразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
жунизавурасухъан
0
|
жунизайуралъухъан
0
|
жунизабуралъухъан
0
|
жунизаруразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
жунизавурасулъ
0
|
жунизайуралъулъ
0
|
жунизабуралъулъ
0
|
жунизаруразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
жунизавурасулъе
0
|
жунизайуралъулъе
0
|
жунизабуралъулъе
0
|
жунизаруразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
жунизавурасулъа
0
|
жунизайуралъулъа
0
|
жунизабуралъулъа
0
|
жунизаруразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
жунизавурасулъан
0
|
жунизайуралъулъан
0
|
жунизабуралъулъан
0
|
жунизаруразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
жунизавурасукь
0
|
жунизайуралъукь
0
|
жунизабуралъукь
0
|
жунизаруразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
жунизавурасукье
0
|
жунизайуралъукье
0
|
жунизабуралъукье
0
|
жунизаруразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
жунизавурасукьа
0
|
жунизайуралъукьа
0
|
жунизабуралъукьа
0
|
жунизаруразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
жунизавурасукьан
0
|
жунизайуралъукьан
0
|
жунизабуралъукьан
0
|
жунизаруразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
жунизавун
/[ʒunizawun]/
0
|
жунизайун
/[ʒunizajun]/
0
|
жунизабун
/[ʒunizabun]/
0
|
жунизарун
/[ʒunizarun]/
0
|
| Adverbial Past |
жунизавун
/[ʒunizawun]/
0
|
жунизайун
/[ʒunizajun]/
0
|
жунизабун
/[ʒunizabun]/
0
|
жунизарун
/[ʒunizarun]/
0
|
| Adverbial Past Negative |
жунизабичӀого
/[ʒunizabit͡ʃˀogo]/
0
|
жунизабичӀого
/[ʒunizabit͡ʃˀogo]/
0
|
жунизабичӀого
/[ʒunizabit͡ʃˀogo]/
0
|
жунизаричӀого
/[ʒunizarit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
| Adverbial General |
жунизавулаго
/[ʒunizawulago]/
0
|
жунизайулаго
/[ʒunizajulago]/
0
|
жунизабулаго
/[ʒunizabulago]/
0
|
жунизарулаго
/[ʒunizarulago]/
0
|
| Adverbial General Negative |
жунизабуларого
/[ʒunizabularogo]/
0
|
жунизабуларого
/[ʒunizabularogo]/
0
|
жунизабуларого
/[ʒunizabularogo]/
0
|
жунизаруларого
/[ʒunizarularogo]/
0
|
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
жунизави
/[ʒunizawi]/
0
|
жунизайи
/[ʒunizaji]/
0
|
жунизаби
/[ʒunizabi]/
0
|
жунизари
/[ʒunizari]/
0
|
| Infinitive |
жунизавизе
/[ʒunizawize]/
0
|
жунизайизе
/[ʒunizajize]/
0
|
жунизабизе
/[ʒunizabize]/
0
|
жунизаризе
/[ʒunizarize]/
0
|
| Causative |
жунизабизабизе
[ʒunizabizabize]
0
|
|||
| Causative Negative |
жунизабизабуларо
[ʒunizabizabularo]
0
|
|||
| Durative |
жунизавиаризе
/[ʒunizawijarize]/
0
|
жунизайиаризе
/[ʒunizajijarize]/
0
|
жунизабиаризе
/[ʒunizabijarize]/
0
|
жунизариаризе
/[ʒunizarijarize]/
0
|
| Durative Negative |
жунизавиариларо
/[ʒunizawijarilaro]/
0
|
жунизайиариларо
/[ʒunizajijarilaro]/
0
|
жунизабиариларо
/[ʒunizabijarilaro]/
0
|
жунизариариларо
/[ʒunizarijarilaro]/
0
|
| Frequentative |
жунизаб-жунизавизе
/[ʒunizab-ʒunizawize]/
0
|
жунизаб-жунизайизе
/[ʒunizab-ʒunizajize]/
0
|
жунизаб-жунизабизе
/[ʒunizab-ʒunizabize]/
0
|
жунизаб-жунизаризе
/[ʒunizab-ʒunizarize]/
0
|
| Frequentative Negative |
жунизаб-жунизавиларо
/[ʒunizab-ʒunizawilaro]/
0
|
жунизаб-жунизайиларо
/[ʒunizab-ʒunizajilaro]/
0
|
жунизаб-жунизабиларо
/[ʒunizab-ʒunizabilaro]/
0
|
жунизаб-жунизариларо
/[ʒunizab-ʒunizarilaro]/
0
|