Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
сплести
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 6
ASCII: tsotsalheri-chchaze
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
221375
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalew wugo]/ |
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalej jigo]/ |
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːaleb bugo]/ |
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːaleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
цоцалъери-ччана
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
цоцалъери-ччачӀо
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːat͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
цоцалъери-ччала
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːala]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
цоцалъери-ччаларо
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
цоцалъери-ччала
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːala]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
цоцалъери-ччаларо
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
цоцалъери-ччалаан
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
цоцалъери-ччалароан
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
цоцалъери-чча
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːa]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
цоцалъери-ччаге
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːage]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
цоцалъери-ччаги
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːagi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
цоцалъери-ччагеги
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːagegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
цоцалъери-ччазин
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːazin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
цоцалъери-ччани
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
цоцалъери-ччачӀони
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːat͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
цоцалъери-ччанищ
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
цоцалъери-ччачӀищ
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːat͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
цоцалъери-ччалищ
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
цоцалъери-ччаларищ
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
цоцалъери-ччалищ
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
цоцалъери-ччаларищ
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
цоцалъери-ччарав
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːaraw]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччарай
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːaraj]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччараб
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːarab]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччарал
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
цоцалъери-ччачӀев
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːat͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччачӀей
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːat͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччачӀеб
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːat͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччачӀел
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːat͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
цоцалъери-ччалев
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalew]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччалей
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalej]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччалеб
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːaleb]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччалел
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
цоцалъери-ччаларев
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalarew]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаларей
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalarej]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччалареб
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalareb]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаларел
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
цоцалъери-ччалев
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalew]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччалей
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalej]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччалеб
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːaleb]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччалел
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
цоцалъери-ччаларев
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalarew]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаларей
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalarej]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччалареб
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalareb]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаларел
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
цоцалъери-ччазехъин
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːazeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
цоцалъери-ччазехъинро
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːazeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
цоцалъери-ччаяв
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːajaw]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаяй
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːajaj]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаяб
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːajab]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаял
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
цоцалъери-ччарав
0
|
цоцалъери-ччарай
0
|
цоцалъери-ччараб
0
|
цоцалъери-ччарал
0
|
| Ergative |
цоцалъери-ччарас
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъ
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъ
0
|
цоцалъери-ччараз
0
|
| Genitive |
цоцалъери-ччарасул
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъул
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъул
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразул
0
|
| Dative |
цоцалъери-ччарасе
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъе
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъе
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
цоцалъери-ччарасда
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъда
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъда
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
цоцалъери-ччарасде
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъде
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъде
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
цоцалъери-ччарасдаса
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъдаса
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъдаса
0
|
цоцалъери-ччараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
цоцалъери-ччарасдасан
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъдасан
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъдасан
0
|
цоцалъери-ччараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
цоцалъери-ччарасухъ
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъухъ
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъухъ
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
цоцалъери-ччарасухъе
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъухъе
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъухъе
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
цоцалъери-ччарасухъа
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъухъа
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъухъа
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
цоцалъери-ччарасухъан
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъухъан
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъухъан
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
цоцалъери-ччарасулъ
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъулъ
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъулъ
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
цоцалъери-ччарасулъе
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъулъе
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъулъе
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
цоцалъери-ччарасулъа
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъулъа
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъулъа
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
цоцалъери-ччарасулъан
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъулъан
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъулъан
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
цоцалъери-ччарасукь
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъукь
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъукь
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
цоцалъери-ччарасукье
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъукье
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъукье
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
цоцалъери-ччарасукьа
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъукьа
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъукьа
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
цоцалъери-ччарасукьан
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъукьан
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаралъукьан
0
|
цоцалъери-ччаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
цоцалъери-ччан
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːan]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
цоцалъери-ччан
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːan]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
цоцалъери-ччачӀого
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːat͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
цоцалъери-ччалаго
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
цоцалъери-ччаларого
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
цоцалъери-ччай
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːaj]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
цоцалъери-ччазе
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːaze]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
цоцалъери-ччазавизе
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːazawize]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччазайизе
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːazajize]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччазабизе
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːazabize]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччазаризе
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːazarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
цоцалъери-ччазавуларо
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːazawularo]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччазайуларо
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːazajularo]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччазабуларо
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːazabularo]/
0
|
цоцалъери-ччазаруларо
/[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːazarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
цоцалъери-ччааризе
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːajarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
цоцалъери-ччаариларо
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːajarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
цоцалъери-чча-цоцалъери-ччазе
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːa-t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːaze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
цоцалъери-чча-цоцалъери-ччаларо
[t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːa-t͡sot͡saɬeri-t͡ʃːalaro]
0
|
|||