Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
стесать
тесать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: lhamize
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
222214
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
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|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
лъамана
[ɬamana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
лъамичӀо
[ɬamit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
лъамила
[ɬamila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
лъамиларо
[ɬamilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
лъамула
[ɬamula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
лъамуларо
[ɬamularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
лъамулаан
[ɬamulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
лъамулароан
[ɬamularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
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Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
лъаме
[ɬame]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
лъамуге
[ɬamuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
лъамеги
[ɬamegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
лъамугеги
[ɬamugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
лъамизин
[ɬamizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
лъамани
[ɬamani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
лъамичӀони
[ɬamit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
лъаманищ
[ɬamaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъамичӀищ
[ɬamit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
лъамулищ
[ɬamuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъамуларищ
[ɬamulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
лъамилищ
[ɬamiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъамиларищ
[ɬamilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
лъамарав
/[ɬamaraw]/
0
|
лъамарай
/[ɬamaraj]/
0
|
лъамараб
/[ɬamarab]/
0
|
лъамарал
/[ɬamaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
лъамичӀев
/[ɬamit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
лъамичӀей
/[ɬamit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
лъамичӀеб
/[ɬamit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
лъамичӀел
/[ɬamit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
лъамулев
/[ɬamulew]/
0
|
лъамулей
/[ɬamulej]/
0
|
лъамулеб
/[ɬamuleb]/
0
|
лъамулел
/[ɬamulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
лъамуларев
/[ɬamularew]/
0
|
лъамуларей
/[ɬamularej]/
0
|
лъамулареб
/[ɬamulareb]/
0
|
лъамуларел
/[ɬamularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
лъамилев
/[ɬamilew]/
0
|
лъамилей
/[ɬamilej]/
0
|
лъамилеб
/[ɬamileb]/
0
|
лъамилел
/[ɬamilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
лъамиларев
/[ɬamilarew]/
0
|
лъамиларей
/[ɬamilarej]/
0
|
лъамилареб
/[ɬamilareb]/
0
|
лъамиларел
/[ɬamilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
лъамизехъин
[ɬamizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
лъамизехъинро
[ɬamizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
лъамеяв
/[ɬamejaw]/
0
|
лъамеяй
/[ɬamejaj]/
0
|
лъамеяб
/[ɬamejab]/
0
|
лъамеял
/[ɬamejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
лъамарав
0
|
лъамарай
0
|
лъамараб
0
|
лъамарал
0
|
| Ergative |
лъамарас
0
|
лъамаралъ
0
|
лъамаралъ
0
|
лъамараз
0
|
| Genitive |
лъамарасул
0
|
лъамаралъул
0
|
лъамаралъул
0
|
лъамаразул
0
|
| Dative |
лъамарасе
0
|
лъамаралъе
0
|
лъамаралъе
0
|
лъамаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
лъамарасда
0
|
лъамаралъда
0
|
лъамаралъда
0
|
лъамаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
лъамарасде
0
|
лъамаралъде
0
|
лъамаралъде
0
|
лъамаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
лъамарасдаса
0
|
лъамаралъдаса
0
|
лъамаралъдаса
0
|
лъамараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
лъамарасдасан
0
|
лъамаралъдасан
0
|
лъамаралъдасан
0
|
лъамараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
лъамарасухъ
0
|
лъамаралъухъ
0
|
лъамаралъухъ
0
|
лъамаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
лъамарасухъе
0
|
лъамаралъухъе
0
|
лъамаралъухъе
0
|
лъамаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
лъамарасухъа
0
|
лъамаралъухъа
0
|
лъамаралъухъа
0
|
лъамаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
лъамарасухъан
0
|
лъамаралъухъан
0
|
лъамаралъухъан
0
|
лъамаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
лъамарасулъ
0
|
лъамаралъулъ
0
|
лъамаралъулъ
0
|
лъамаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
лъамарасулъе
0
|
лъамаралъулъе
0
|
лъамаралъулъе
0
|
лъамаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
лъамарасулъа
0
|
лъамаралъулъа
0
|
лъамаралъулъа
0
|
лъамаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
лъамарасулъан
0
|
лъамаралъулъан
0
|
лъамаралъулъан
0
|
лъамаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
лъамарасукь
0
|
лъамаралъукь
0
|
лъамаралъукь
0
|
лъамаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
лъамарасукье
0
|
лъамаралъукье
0
|
лъамаралъукье
0
|
лъамаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
лъамарасукьа
0
|
лъамаралъукьа
0
|
лъамаралъукьа
0
|
лъамаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
лъамарасукьан
0
|
лъамаралъукьан
0
|
лъамаралъукьан
0
|
лъамаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
лъамун
[ɬamun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
лъамун
[ɬamun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
лъамичӀого
[ɬamit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
лъамулаго
[ɬamulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
лъамуларого
[ɬamularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
лъами
[ɬami]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
лъамизе
[ɬamize]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
лъамизавизе
/[ɬamizawize]/
0
|
лъамизайизе
/[ɬamizajize]/
0
|
лъамизабизе
/[ɬamizabize]/
0
|
лъамизаризе
/[ɬamizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
лъамизавуларо
/[ɬamizawularo]/
0
|
лъамизайуларо
/[ɬamizajularo]/
0
|
лъамизабуларо
/[ɬamizabularo]/
0
|
лъамизаруларо
/[ɬamizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
лъамиаризе
[ɬamijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
лъамиариларо
[ɬamijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
лъам-лъамизе
[ɬam-ɬamize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
лъам-лъамиларо
[ɬam-ɬamilaro]
0
|
|||