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🌐 Translations
Russian
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📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: tʼirize
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
227025
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
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|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
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| Past Simple |
тӀирана
[tˀirana]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
тӀиричӀо
[tˀirit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
тӀирила
[tˀirila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
тӀириларо
[tˀirilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
тӀирула
[tˀirula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
тӀируларо
[tˀirularo]
0
|
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|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
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|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
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| Remote Present |
—
0
|
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|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
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|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
тӀирулаан
[tʼirulajan]
0
|
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| Remote Past Negative |
тӀирулароан
[tʼirularojan]
0
|
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|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
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Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
тӀире
[tˀire]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
тӀируге
[tˀiruge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
тӀиреги
[tʼiregi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
тӀиругеги
[tˀirugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
тӀиризин
[tˀirizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
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| Conditional |
тӀирани
[tˀirani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
тӀиричӀони
[tˀirit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
тӀиранищ
[tˀiraniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀиричӀищ
[tˀirit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀирулищ
[tˀiruliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀируларищ
[tˀirulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
тӀирилищ
[tˀiriliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀириларищ
[tˀirilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
тӀирарав
/[tˀiraraw]/
0
|
тӀирарай
/[tˀiraraj]/
0
|
тӀирараб
/[tˀirarab]/
0
|
тӀирарал
/[tˀiraral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
тӀиричӀев
/[tˀirit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
тӀиричӀей
/[tˀirit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
тӀиричӀеб
/[tˀirit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
тӀиричӀел
/[tˀirit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
тӀирулев
/[tˀirulew]/
0
|
тӀирулей
/[tˀirulej]/
0
|
тӀирулеб
/[tˀiruleb]/
0
|
тӀирулел
/[tˀirulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
тӀируларев
/[tˀirularew]/
0
|
тӀируларей
/[tˀirularej]/
0
|
тӀирулареб
/[tˀirulareb]/
0
|
тӀируларел
/[tˀirularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
тӀирилев
/[tˀirilew]/
0
|
тӀирилей
/[tˀirilej]/
0
|
тӀирилеб
/[tˀirileb]/
0
|
тӀирилел
/[tˀirilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
тӀириларев
/[tˀirilarew]/
0
|
тӀириларей
/[tˀirilarej]/
0
|
тӀирилареб
/[tˀirilareb]/
0
|
тӀириларел
/[tˀirilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
тӀиризехъин
[tˀirizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
тӀиризехъинро
[tˀirizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
тӀиреяв
/[tˀirejaw]/
0
|
тӀиреяй
/[tˀirejaj]/
0
|
тӀиреяб
/[tˀirejab]/
0
|
тӀиреял
/[tʼirejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
тӀирарав
0
|
тӀирарай
0
|
тӀирараб
0
|
тӀирарал
0
|
| Ergative |
тӀирарас
0
|
тӀираралъ
0
|
тӀираралъ
0
|
тӀирараз
0
|
| Genitive |
тӀирарасул
0
|
тӀираралъул
0
|
тӀираралъул
0
|
тӀираразул
0
|
| Dative |
тӀирарасе
0
|
тӀираралъе
0
|
тӀираралъе
0
|
тӀираразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
тӀирарасда
0
|
тӀираралъда
0
|
тӀираралъда
0
|
тӀираразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
тӀирарасде
0
|
тӀираралъде
0
|
тӀираралъде
0
|
тӀираразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
тӀирарасдаса
0
|
тӀираралъдаса
0
|
тӀираралъдаса
0
|
тӀирараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
тӀирарасдасан
0
|
тӀираралъдасан
0
|
тӀираралъдасан
0
|
тӀирараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
тӀирарасухъ
0
|
тӀираралъухъ
0
|
тӀираралъухъ
0
|
тӀираразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
тӀирарасухъе
0
|
тӀираралъухъе
0
|
тӀираралъухъе
0
|
тӀираразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
тӀирарасухъа
0
|
тӀираралъухъа
0
|
тӀираралъухъа
0
|
тӀираразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
тӀирарасухъан
0
|
тӀираралъухъан
0
|
тӀираралъухъан
0
|
тӀираразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
тӀирарасулъ
0
|
тӀираралъулъ
0
|
тӀираралъулъ
0
|
тӀираразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
тӀирарасулъе
0
|
тӀираралъулъе
0
|
тӀираралъулъе
0
|
тӀираразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
тӀирарасулъа
0
|
тӀираралъулъа
0
|
тӀираралъулъа
0
|
тӀираразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
тӀирарасулъан
0
|
тӀираралъулъан
0
|
тӀираралъулъан
0
|
тӀираразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
тӀирарасукь
0
|
тӀираралъукь
0
|
тӀираралъукь
0
|
тӀираразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
тӀирарасукье
0
|
тӀираралъукье
0
|
тӀираралъукье
0
|
тӀираразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
тӀирарасукьа
0
|
тӀираралъукьа
0
|
тӀираралъукьа
0
|
тӀираразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
тӀирарасукьан
0
|
тӀираралъукьан
0
|
тӀираралъукьан
0
|
тӀираразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
тӀирун
[tʼirun]
🔒
35
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
тӀирун
[tˀirun]
🔒
35
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
тӀиричӀого
[tˀirit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
тӀирулаго
[tˀirulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
тӀируларого
[tˀirularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
тӀири
[tˀiri]
🔒
35
|
|||
| Infinitive |
тӀиризе
[tˀirize]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
тӀиризавизе
/[tʼirizawize]/
0
|
тӀиризайизе
/[tʼirizajize]/
0
|
тӀиризабизе
/[tˀirizabize]/
0
|
тӀиризаризе
/[tʼirizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
тӀиризавуларо
/[tʼirizawularo]/
0
|
тӀиризайуларо
/[tʼirizajularo]/
0
|
тӀиризабуларо
/[tˀirizabularo]/
0
|
тӀиризаруларо
/[tʼirizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
тӀириаризе
[tˀirijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
тӀириариларо
[tˀirijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
тӀир-тӀиризе
[tˀir-tˀirize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
тӀир-тӀириларо
[tˀir-tˀirilaro]
0
|
|||