Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
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English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV.VC.CV.CV
Syllables: 6
ASCII: ch'alghadeergheze
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
228483
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolew wugo]/ |
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolej jigo]/ |
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁoleb bugo]/ |
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁoleb het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
чӀалгӀадеэргъена
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁena]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъечӀо
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁet͡ʃʼo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
чӀалгӀадеэргъела
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁela]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъеларо
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁelaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъола
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁola]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъоларо
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
чӀалгӀадеэргъолаан
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolaan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъолароан
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolaroan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъе
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
чӀалгӀадеэргъоге
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁoge]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Optative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъеги
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъогеги
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁogegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъезин
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁezin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
чӀалгӀадеэргъени
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁeni]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъечӀони
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁet͡ʃʼoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъенищ
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁeniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъечӀищ
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁet͡ʃʼiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъолищ
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁoliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъоларищ
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъелищ
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁeliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеларищ
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁelariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерав
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁeraw]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъерай
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁeraj]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъераб
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁerab]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъерал
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁeral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъечӀев
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁet͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъечӀей
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁet͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъечӀеб
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁet͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъечӀел
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁet͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
чӀалгӀадеэргъолев
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolew]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъолей
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolej]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъолеб
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁoleb]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъолел
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъоларев
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolarew]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъоларей
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolarej]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъолареб
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolareb]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъоларел
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
чӀалгӀадеэргъелев
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁelew]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъелей
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁelej]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъелеб
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁeleb]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъелел
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁelel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъеларев
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁelarew]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеларей
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁelarej]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъелареб
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁelareb]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеларел
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁelarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
чӀалгӀадеэргъезехъин
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁezeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъезехъинро
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁezeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
чӀалгӀадеэргъеяв
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁejaw]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеяй
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁejaj]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеяб
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁejab]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеял
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерав
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъерай
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъераб
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъерал
0
|
| Ergative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерас
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъ
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъ
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъераз
0
|
| Genitive |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасул
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъул
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъул
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразул
0
|
| Dative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасе
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъе
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъе
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасда
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъда
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъда
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасде
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъде
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъде
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасдаса
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъдаса
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъдаса
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъераздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасдасан
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъдасан
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъдасан
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъераздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасухъ
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъухъ
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъухъ
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасухъе
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъухъе
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъухъе
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасухъа
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъухъа
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъухъа
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасухъан
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъухъан
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъухъан
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасулъ
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъулъ
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъулъ
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасулъе
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъулъе
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъулъе
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасулъа
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъулъа
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъулъа
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасулъан
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъулъан
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъулъан
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасукь
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъукь
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъукь
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасукье
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъукье
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъукье
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасукьа
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъукьа
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъукьа
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
чӀалгӀадеэргъерасукьан
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъукьан
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъералъукьан
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъеразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
чӀалгӀадеэргъон
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁon]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
чӀалгӀадеэргъон
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁon]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъечӀого
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁet͡ʃʼogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
чӀалгӀадеэргъолаго
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъоларого
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁolarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
чӀалгӀадеэргъей
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁej]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
чӀалгӀадеэргъезе
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁeze]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъезавизе
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁezawize]/
🔒
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъезайизе
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁezajize]/
🔒
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъезабизе
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁezabize]/
🔒
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъезаризе
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁezarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъезавуларо
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁezawularo]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъезайуларо
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁezajularo]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъезабуларо
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁezabularo]/
0
|
чӀалгӀадеэргъезаруларо
/[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁezarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъеаризе
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁearize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъеариларо
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁearilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъ-чӀалгӀадеэргъезе
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁ-t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁeze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
чӀалгӀадеэргъ-чӀалгӀадеэргъеларо
[t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁ-t͡ʃʼalʕadeerʁelaro]
0
|
|||