Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
хватить
хлопаться
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: tl'abghize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
228843
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
4
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕulew wugo]/ |
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕulej jigo]/ |
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕuleb bugo]/ |
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
кьабгӀана
[t͡ɬˀːabʕana]
🔒
6
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
кьабгӀичӀо
[t͡ɬˀːabʕit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
кьабгӀила
[t͡ɬˀːabʕila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
кьабгӀиларо
[t͡ɬˀːabʕilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
кьабгӀула
[t͡ɬˀːabʕula]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
кьабгӀуларо
[t͡ɬˀːabʕularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
кьабгӀулаан
[t͡ɬʼːabʕulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
кьабгӀулароан
[t͡ɬʼːabʕularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
кьабгӀе
[t͡ɬˀːabʕe]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
кьабгӀуге
[t͡ɬˀːabʕuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
кьабгӀеги
[t͡ɬʼːabʕegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
кьабгӀугеги
[t͡ɬˀːabʕugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
кьабгӀизин
[t͡ɬˀːabʕizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
кьабгӀани
[t͡ɬˀːabʕani]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
кьабгӀичӀони
[t͡ɬˀːabʕit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
кьабгӀанищ
[t͡ɬˀːabʕaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
кьабгӀичӀищ
[t͡ɬˀːabʕit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
кьабгӀулищ
[t͡ɬˀːabʕuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
кьабгӀуларищ
[t͡ɬˀːabʕulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
кьабгӀилищ
[t͡ɬˀːabʕiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
кьабгӀиларищ
[t͡ɬˀːabʕilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
кьабгӀарав
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕaraw]/
🔒
1
|
кьабгӀарай
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕaraj]/
0
|
кьабгӀараб
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕarab]/
🔒
4
|
кьабгӀарал
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
кьабгӀичӀев
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
кьабгӀичӀей
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
кьабгӀичӀеб
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕit͡ʃˀeb]/
🔒
1
|
кьабгӀичӀел
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
кьабгӀулев
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕulew]/
0
|
кьабгӀулей
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕulej]/
0
|
кьабгӀулеб
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕuleb]/
🔒
3
|
кьабгӀулел
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕulel]/
🔒
1
|
| Present Participle Negative |
кьабгӀуларев
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕularew]/
0
|
кьабгӀуларей
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕularej]/
0
|
кьабгӀулареб
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕulareb]/
0
|
кьабгӀуларел
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
кьабгӀилев
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕilew]/
0
|
кьабгӀилей
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕilej]/
0
|
кьабгӀилеб
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕileb]/
0
|
кьабгӀилел
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
кьабгӀиларев
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕilarew]/
0
|
кьабгӀиларей
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕilarej]/
0
|
кьабгӀилареб
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕilareb]/
0
|
кьабгӀиларел
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
кьабгӀизехъин
[t͡ɬˀːabʕizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
кьабгӀизехъинро
[t͡ɬˀːabʕizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
кьабгӀеяв
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕejaw]/
0
|
кьабгӀеяй
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕejaj]/
0
|
кьабгӀеяб
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕejab]/
0
|
кьабгӀеял
/[t͡ɬʼːabʕejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
кьабгӀарав
1
|
кьабгӀарай
0
|
кьабгӀараб
4
|
кьабгӀарал
0
|
| Ergative |
кьабгӀарас
0
|
кьабгӀаралъ
0
|
кьабгӀаралъ
0
|
кьабгӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
кьабгӀарасул
0
|
кьабгӀаралъул
0
|
кьабгӀаралъул
0
|
кьабгӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
кьабгӀарасе
0
|
кьабгӀаралъе
0
|
кьабгӀаралъе
0
|
кьабгӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
кьабгӀарасда
0
|
кьабгӀаралъда
0
|
кьабгӀаралъда
0
|
кьабгӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
кьабгӀарасде
0
|
кьабгӀаралъде
0
|
кьабгӀаралъде
0
|
кьабгӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
кьабгӀарасдаса
0
|
кьабгӀаралъдаса
0
|
кьабгӀаралъдаса
0
|
кьабгӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
кьабгӀарасдасан
0
|
кьабгӀаралъдасан
0
|
кьабгӀаралъдасан
0
|
кьабгӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
кьабгӀарасухъ
0
|
кьабгӀаралъухъ
0
|
кьабгӀаралъухъ
0
|
кьабгӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
кьабгӀарасухъе
0
|
кьабгӀаралъухъе
0
|
кьабгӀаралъухъе
0
|
кьабгӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
кьабгӀарасухъа
0
|
кьабгӀаралъухъа
0
|
кьабгӀаралъухъа
0
|
кьабгӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
кьабгӀарасухъан
0
|
кьабгӀаралъухъан
0
|
кьабгӀаралъухъан
0
|
кьабгӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
кьабгӀарасулъ
0
|
кьабгӀаралъулъ
0
|
кьабгӀаралъулъ
0
|
кьабгӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
кьабгӀарасулъе
0
|
кьабгӀаралъулъе
0
|
кьабгӀаралъулъе
0
|
кьабгӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
кьабгӀарасулъа
0
|
кьабгӀаралъулъа
0
|
кьабгӀаралъулъа
0
|
кьабгӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
кьабгӀарасулъан
0
|
кьабгӀаралъулъан
0
|
кьабгӀаралъулъан
0
|
кьабгӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
кьабгӀарасукь
0
|
кьабгӀаралъукь
0
|
кьабгӀаралъукь
0
|
кьабгӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
кьабгӀарасукье
0
|
кьабгӀаралъукье
0
|
кьабгӀаралъукье
0
|
кьабгӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
кьабгӀарасукьа
0
|
кьабгӀаралъукьа
0
|
кьабгӀаралъукьа
0
|
кьабгӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
кьабгӀарасукьан
0
|
кьабгӀаралъукьан
0
|
кьабгӀаралъукьан
0
|
кьабгӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
кьабгӀун
[t͡ɬʼːabʕun]
🔒
11
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
кьабгӀун
[t͡ɬˀːabʕun]
🔒
11
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
кьабгӀичӀого
[t͡ɬˀːabʕit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
кьабгӀулаго
[t͡ɬˀːabʕulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
кьабгӀуларого
[t͡ɬˀːabʕularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
кьабгӀи
[t͡ɬˀːabʕi]
🔒
13
|
|||
| Infinitive |
кьабгӀизе
[t͡ɬˀːabʕize]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Causative |
кьабгӀизавизе
/[t͡ɬʼːabʕizawize]/
0
|
кьабгӀизайизе
/[t͡ɬʼːabʕizajize]/
0
|
кьабгӀизабизе
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕizabize]/
0
|
кьабгӀизаризе
/[t͡ɬʼːabʕizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
кьабгӀизавуларо
/[t͡ɬʼːabʕizawularo]/
0
|
кьабгӀизайуларо
/[t͡ɬʼːabʕizajularo]/
0
|
кьабгӀизабуларо
/[t͡ɬˀːabʕizabularo]/
0
|
кьабгӀизаруларо
/[t͡ɬʼːabʕizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
кьабгӀиаризе
[t͡ɬˀːabʕijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
кьабгӀиариларо
[t͡ɬˀːabʕijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
кьабгӀ-кьабгӀизе
[t͡ɬˀːabʕ-t͡ɬˀːabʕize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
кьабгӀ-кьабгӀиларо
[t͡ɬˀːabʕ-t͡ɬˀːabʕilaro]
0
|
|||