Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
хрюкать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVCC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: qunkʼdize
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
229375
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[q͡χːunkˀdulew wugo]/ |
/[q͡χːunkˀdulej jigo]/ |
/[q͡χːunkˀduleb bugo]/ |
/[q͡χːunkˀdulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[q͡χːunkˀdulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[q͡χːunkˀdulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[q͡χːunkˀduleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[q͡χːunkˀdulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
хъункӀдана
[q͡χːunkˀdana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
хъункӀдичӀо
[q͡χːunkˀdit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
хъункӀдила
[q͡χːunkˀdila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
хъункӀдиларо
[q͡χːunkˀdilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
хъункӀдула
[q͡χːunkˀdula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
хъункӀдуларо
[q͡χːunkˀdularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
хъункӀдулаан
[q͡χːunkʼdulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
хъункӀдулароан
[q͡χːunkʼdularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
хъункӀде
[q͡χːunkˀde]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
хъункӀдуге
[q͡χːunkˀduge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
хъункӀдеги
[q͡χːunkʼdegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
хъункӀдугеги
[q͡χːunkˀdugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
хъункӀдизин
[q͡χːunkˀdizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
хъункӀдани
[q͡χːunkˀdani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
хъункӀдичӀони
[q͡χːunkˀdit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
хъункӀданищ
[q͡χːunkˀdaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хъункӀдичӀищ
[q͡χːunkˀdit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
хъункӀдулищ
[q͡χːunkˀduliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
хъункӀдуларищ
[q͡χːunkˀdulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
хъункӀдилищ
[q͡χːunkˀdiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хъункӀдиларищ
[q͡χːunkˀdilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
хъункӀдарав
/[q͡χːunkˀdaraw]/
0
|
хъункӀдарай
/[q͡χːunkˀdaraj]/
0
|
хъункӀдараб
/[q͡χːunkˀdarab]/
0
|
хъункӀдарал
/[q͡χːunkˀdaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
хъункӀдичӀев
/[q͡χːunkˀdit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
хъункӀдичӀей
/[q͡χːunkˀdit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
хъункӀдичӀеб
/[q͡χːunkˀdit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
хъункӀдичӀел
/[q͡χːunkˀdit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
хъункӀдулев
/[q͡χːunkˀdulew]/
0
|
хъункӀдулей
/[q͡χːunkˀdulej]/
0
|
хъункӀдулеб
/[q͡χːunkˀduleb]/
0
|
хъункӀдулел
/[q͡χːunkˀdulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
хъункӀдуларев
/[q͡χːunkˀdularew]/
0
|
хъункӀдуларей
/[q͡χːunkˀdularej]/
0
|
хъункӀдулареб
/[q͡χːunkˀdulareb]/
0
|
хъункӀдуларел
/[q͡χːunkˀdularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
хъункӀдилев
/[q͡χːunkˀdilew]/
0
|
хъункӀдилей
/[q͡χːunkˀdilej]/
0
|
хъункӀдилеб
/[q͡χːunkˀdileb]/
0
|
хъункӀдилел
/[q͡χːunkˀdilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
хъункӀдиларев
/[q͡χːunkˀdilarew]/
0
|
хъункӀдиларей
/[q͡χːunkˀdilarej]/
0
|
хъункӀдилареб
/[q͡χːunkˀdilareb]/
0
|
хъункӀдиларел
/[q͡χːunkˀdilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
хъункӀдизехъин
[q͡χːunkˀdizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
хъункӀдизехъинро
[q͡χːunkˀdizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
хъункӀдеяв
/[q͡χːunkˀdejaw]/
0
|
хъункӀдеяй
/[q͡χːunkˀdejaj]/
0
|
хъункӀдеяб
/[q͡χːunkˀdejab]/
0
|
хъункӀдеял
/[q͡χːunkʼdejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
хъункӀдарав
0
|
хъункӀдарай
0
|
хъункӀдараб
0
|
хъункӀдарал
0
|
| Ergative |
хъункӀдарас
0
|
хъункӀдаралъ
0
|
хъункӀдаралъ
0
|
хъункӀдараз
0
|
| Genitive |
хъункӀдарасул
0
|
хъункӀдаралъул
0
|
хъункӀдаралъул
0
|
хъункӀдаразул
0
|
| Dative |
хъункӀдарасе
0
|
хъункӀдаралъе
0
|
хъункӀдаралъе
0
|
хъункӀдаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
хъункӀдарасда
0
|
хъункӀдаралъда
0
|
хъункӀдаралъда
0
|
хъункӀдаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
хъункӀдарасде
0
|
хъункӀдаралъде
0
|
хъункӀдаралъде
0
|
хъункӀдаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
хъункӀдарасдаса
0
|
хъункӀдаралъдаса
0
|
хъункӀдаралъдаса
0
|
хъункӀдараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
хъункӀдарасдасан
0
|
хъункӀдаралъдасан
0
|
хъункӀдаралъдасан
0
|
хъункӀдараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
хъункӀдарасухъ
0
|
хъункӀдаралъухъ
0
|
хъункӀдаралъухъ
0
|
хъункӀдаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
хъункӀдарасухъе
0
|
хъункӀдаралъухъе
0
|
хъункӀдаралъухъе
0
|
хъункӀдаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
хъункӀдарасухъа
0
|
хъункӀдаралъухъа
0
|
хъункӀдаралъухъа
0
|
хъункӀдаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
хъункӀдарасухъан
0
|
хъункӀдаралъухъан
0
|
хъункӀдаралъухъан
0
|
хъункӀдаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
хъункӀдарасулъ
0
|
хъункӀдаралъулъ
0
|
хъункӀдаралъулъ
0
|
хъункӀдаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
хъункӀдарасулъе
0
|
хъункӀдаралъулъе
0
|
хъункӀдаралъулъе
0
|
хъункӀдаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
хъункӀдарасулъа
0
|
хъункӀдаралъулъа
0
|
хъункӀдаралъулъа
0
|
хъункӀдаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
хъункӀдарасулъан
0
|
хъункӀдаралъулъан
0
|
хъункӀдаралъулъан
0
|
хъункӀдаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
хъункӀдарасукь
0
|
хъункӀдаралъукь
0
|
хъункӀдаралъукь
0
|
хъункӀдаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
хъункӀдарасукье
0
|
хъункӀдаралъукье
0
|
хъункӀдаралъукье
0
|
хъункӀдаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
хъункӀдарасукьа
0
|
хъункӀдаралъукьа
0
|
хъункӀдаралъукьа
0
|
хъункӀдаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
хъункӀдарасукьан
0
|
хъункӀдаралъукьан
0
|
хъункӀдаралъукьан
0
|
хъункӀдаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
хъункӀдун
[q͡χːunkʼdun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
хъункӀдун
[q͡χːunkˀdun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
хъункӀдичӀого
[q͡χːunkˀdit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
хъункӀдулаго
[q͡χːunkˀdulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
хъункӀдуларого
[q͡χːunkˀdularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
хъункӀди
[q͡χːunkˀdi]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
хъункӀдизе
[q͡χːunkˀdize]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
хъункӀдизавизе
/[q͡χːunkʼdizawize]/
0
|
хъункӀдизайизе
/[q͡χːunkʼdizajize]/
0
|
хъункӀдизабизе
/[q͡χːunkˀdizabize]/
0
|
хъункӀдизаризе
/[q͡χːunkʼdizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
хъункӀдизавуларо
/[q͡χːunkʼdizawularo]/
0
|
хъункӀдизайуларо
/[q͡χːunkʼdizajularo]/
0
|
хъункӀдизабуларо
/[q͡χːunkˀdizabularo]/
0
|
хъункӀдизаруларо
/[q͡χːunkʼdizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
хъункӀдиаризе
[q͡χːunkˀdijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
хъункӀдиариларо
[q͡χːunkˀdijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
хъункӀд-хъункӀдизе
[q͡χːunkˀd-q͡χːunkˀdize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
хъункӀд-хъункӀдиларо
[q͡χːunkˀd-q͡χːunkˀdilaro]
0
|
|||