Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
шить
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
V.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: uhine
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
231436
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
4
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
угьана
[ʔuhana]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
угьинчӀо
[ʔuhint͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
угьина
[ʔuhina]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
угьинаро
[ʔuhinaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
угьуна
[ʔuhuna]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
угьунаро
[ʔuhunaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
угьунаан
[ʔuhunajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
угьунароан
[ʔuhunarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
угьа
[ʔuha]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
угьунге
[ʔuhunge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
угьаги
[ʔuhagi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
угьунгеги
[ʔuhungegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
угьинин
[ʔuhinin]
🔒
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
угьани
[ʔuhani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
угьинчӀони
[ʔuhint͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
угьанищ
[ʔuhaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
угьинчӀищ
[ʔuhint͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
угьунищ
[ʔuhuniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
угьунарищ
[ʔuhunariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
угьинищ
[ʔuhiniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
угьинарищ
[ʔuhinariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
угьарав
/[ʔuharaw]/
🔒
0
|
угьарай
/[ʔuharaj]/
🔒
0
|
угьараб
/[ʔuharab]/
🔒
11
|
угьарал
/[ʔuharal]/
🔒
11
|
| Past Participle Negative |
угьинчӀев
/[ʔuhint͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
угьинчӀей
/[ʔuhint͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
угьинчӀеб
/[ʔuhint͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
угьинчӀел
/[ʔuhint͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
угьунев
/[ʔuhunew]/
🔒
0
|
угьуней
/[ʔuhunej]/
🔒
0
|
угьунеб
/[ʔuhuneb]/
🔒
2
|
угьунел
/[ʔuhunel]/
🔒
3
|
| Present Participle Negative |
угьунарев
/[ʔuhunarew]/
0
|
угьунарей
/[ʔuhunarej]/
0
|
угьунареб
/[ʔuhunareb]/
0
|
угьунарел
/[ʔuhunarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
угьинев
/[ʔuhinew]/
0
|
угьиней
/[ʔuhinej]/
0
|
угьинеб
/[ʔuhineb]/
0
|
угьинел
/[ʔuhinel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
угьинарев
/[ʔuhinarew]/
0
|
угьинарей
/[ʔuhinarej]/
0
|
угьинареб
/[ʔuhinareb]/
0
|
угьинарел
/[ʔuhinarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
угьинехъин
[ʔuhineq͡χːin]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
угьинехъинро
[ʔuhineq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
угьаяв
/[ʔuhajaw]/
0
|
угьаяй
/[ʔuhajaj]/
0
|
угьаяб
/[ʔuhajab]/
0
|
угьаял
/[ʔuhajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
угьарав
0
|
угьарай
0
|
угьараб
11
|
угьарал
11
|
| Ergative |
угьарас
0
|
угьаралъ
0
|
угьаралъ
0
|
угьараз
0
|
| Genitive |
угьарасул
0
|
угьаралъул
0
|
угьаралъул
0
|
угьаразул
0
|
| Dative |
угьарасе
0
|
угьаралъе
0
|
угьаралъе
0
|
угьаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
угьарасда
0
|
угьаралъда
0
|
угьаралъда
0
|
угьаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
угьарасде
0
|
угьаралъде
0
|
угьаралъде
0
|
угьаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
угьарасдаса
0
|
угьаралъдаса
0
|
угьаралъдаса
0
|
угьараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
угьарасдасан
0
|
угьаралъдасан
0
|
угьаралъдасан
0
|
угьараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
угьарасухъ
0
|
угьаралъухъ
0
|
угьаралъухъ
0
|
угьаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
угьарасухъе
0
|
угьаралъухъе
0
|
угьаралъухъе
0
|
угьаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
угьарасухъа
0
|
угьаралъухъа
0
|
угьаралъухъа
0
|
угьаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
угьарасухъан
0
|
угьаралъухъан
0
|
угьаралъухъан
0
|
угьаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
угьарасулъ
0
|
угьаралъулъ
0
|
угьаралъулъ
0
|
угьаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
угьарасулъе
0
|
угьаралъулъе
0
|
угьаралъулъе
0
|
угьаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
угьарасулъа
0
|
угьаралъулъа
0
|
угьаралъулъа
0
|
угьаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
угьарасулъан
0
|
угьаралъулъан
0
|
угьаралъулъан
0
|
угьаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
угьарасукь
0
|
угьаралъукь
0
|
угьаралъукь
0
|
угьаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
угьарасукье
0
|
угьаралъукье
0
|
угьаралъукье
0
|
угьаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
угьарасукьа
0
|
угьаралъукьа
0
|
угьаралъукьа
0
|
угьаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
угьарасукьан
0
|
угьаралъукьан
0
|
угьаралъукьан
0
|
угьаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
угьун
[ʔuhun]
🔒
34
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
угьун
[ʔuhun]
🔒
34
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
угьинчӀого
[ʔuhint͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
угьунаго
[ʔuhunago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
угьунарого
[ʔuhunarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
угьин
[ʔuhin]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
угьине
[ʔuhine]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Causative |
угьинавизе
/[ʔuhinawize]/
🔒
0
|
угьинайизе
/[ʔuhinajize]/
0
|
угьинабизе
/[ʔuhinabize]/
🔒
0
|
угьинаризе
/[ʔuhinarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
угьинавуларо
/[ʔuhinawularo]/
0
|
угьинайуларо
/[ʔuhinajularo]/
0
|
угьинабуларо
/[ʔuhinabularo]/
0
|
угьинаруларо
/[ʔuhinarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
угьанхъизе
[ʔuhanq͡χːize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
угьанхъиларо
[ʔuhanq͡χːilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
угь-угьине
[ʔuh-uhine]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
угь-угьинаро
[ʔuh-uhinaro]
0
|
|||