Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
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English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 5
ASCII: zhuba-ghubaze
Derivation Method
Compound
Derivation Suffix
compound
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
2616
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2026-02-15 06:37
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[ʒuba-ʁubalew wugo]/ |
/[ʒuba-ʁubalej jigo]/ |
/[ʒuba-ʁubaleb bugo]/ |
/[ʒuba-ʁubalel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[ʒuba-ʁubalew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ʒuba-ʁubalej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ʒuba-ʁubaleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ʒuba-ʁubalel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
жуба-гъубана
[ʒuba-ʁubana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
жуба-гъубачӀо
[ʒuba-ʁubat͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
жуба-гъубала
[ʒuba-ʁubala]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
жуба-гъубаларо
[ʒuba-ʁubalaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
жуба-гъубала
[ʒuba-ʁubala]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
жуба-гъубаларо
[ʒuba-ʁubalaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
жуба-гъубалаан
[ʒuba-ʁubalajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
жуба-гъубалароан
[ʒuba-ʁubalarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
жуба-гъуба
[ʒuba-ʁuba]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
жуба-гъубаге
[ʒuba-ʁubage]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
жуба-гъубаги
[ʒuba-ʁubagi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
жуба-гъубагеги
[ʒuba-ʁubagegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
жуба-гъубазин
[ʒuba-ʁubazin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
жуба-гъубани
[ʒuba-ʁubani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
жуба-гъубачӀони
[ʒuba-ʁubat͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
жуба-гъубанищ
[ʒuba-ʁubaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
жуба-гъубачӀищ
[ʒuba-ʁubat͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
жуба-гъубалищ
[ʒuba-ʁubaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
жуба-гъубаларищ
[ʒuba-ʁubalariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
жуба-гъубалищ
[ʒuba-ʁubaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
жуба-гъубаларищ
[ʒuba-ʁubalariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
жуба-гъубарав
/[ʒuba-ʁubaraw]/
0
|
жуба-гъубарай
/[ʒuba-ʁubaraj]/
0
|
жуба-гъубараб
/[ʒuba-ʁubarab]/
0
|
жуба-гъубарал
/[ʒuba-ʁubaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
жуба-гъубачӀев
/[ʒuba-ʁubat͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
жуба-гъубачӀей
/[ʒuba-ʁubat͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
жуба-гъубачӀеб
/[ʒuba-ʁubat͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
жуба-гъубачӀел
/[ʒuba-ʁubat͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
жуба-гъубалев
/[ʒuba-ʁubalew]/
0
|
жуба-гъубалей
/[ʒuba-ʁubalej]/
0
|
жуба-гъубалеб
/[ʒuba-ʁubaleb]/
0
|
жуба-гъубалел
/[ʒuba-ʁubalel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
жуба-гъубаларев
/[ʒuba-ʁubalarew]/
0
|
жуба-гъубаларей
/[ʒuba-ʁubalarej]/
0
|
жуба-гъубалареб
/[ʒuba-ʁubalareb]/
0
|
жуба-гъубаларел
/[ʒuba-ʁubalarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
жуба-гъубалев
/[ʒuba-ʁubalew]/
0
|
жуба-гъубалей
/[ʒuba-ʁubalej]/
0
|
жуба-гъубалеб
/[ʒuba-ʁubaleb]/
0
|
жуба-гъубалел
/[ʒuba-ʁubalel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
жуба-гъубаларев
/[ʒuba-ʁubalarew]/
0
|
жуба-гъубаларей
/[ʒuba-ʁubalarej]/
0
|
жуба-гъубалареб
/[ʒuba-ʁubalareb]/
0
|
жуба-гъубаларел
/[ʒuba-ʁubalarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
жуба-гъубазехъин
[ʒuba-ʁubazeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
жуба-гъубазехъинро
[ʒuba-ʁubazeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
жуба-гъубаяв
/[ʒuba-ʁubajaw]/
0
|
жуба-гъубаяй
/[ʒuba-ʁubajaj]/
0
|
жуба-гъубаяб
/[ʒuba-ʁubajab]/
0
|
жуба-гъубаял
/[ʒuba-ʁubajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
жуба-гъубарав
0
|
жуба-гъубарай
0
|
жуба-гъубараб
0
|
жуба-гъубарал
0
|
| Ergative |
жуба-гъубарас
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъ
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъ
0
|
жуба-гъубараз
0
|
| Genitive |
жуба-гъубарасул
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъул
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъул
0
|
жуба-гъубаразул
0
|
| Dative |
жуба-гъубарасе
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъе
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъе
0
|
жуба-гъубаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
жуба-гъубарасда
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъда
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъда
0
|
жуба-гъубаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
жуба-гъубарасде
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъде
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъде
0
|
жуба-гъубаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
жуба-гъубарасдаса
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъдаса
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъдаса
0
|
жуба-гъубараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
жуба-гъубарасдасан
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъдасан
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъдасан
0
|
жуба-гъубараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
жуба-гъубарасухъ
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъухъ
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъухъ
0
|
жуба-гъубаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
жуба-гъубарасухъе
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъухъе
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъухъе
0
|
жуба-гъубаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
жуба-гъубарасухъа
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъухъа
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъухъа
0
|
жуба-гъубаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
жуба-гъубарасухъан
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъухъан
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъухъан
0
|
жуба-гъубаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
жуба-гъубарасулъ
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъулъ
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъулъ
0
|
жуба-гъубаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
жуба-гъубарасулъе
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъулъе
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъулъе
0
|
жуба-гъубаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
жуба-гъубарасулъа
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъулъа
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъулъа
0
|
жуба-гъубаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
жуба-гъубарасулъан
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъулъан
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъулъан
0
|
жуба-гъубаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
жуба-гъубарасукь
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъукь
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъукь
0
|
жуба-гъубаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
жуба-гъубарасукье
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъукье
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъукье
0
|
жуба-гъубаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
жуба-гъубарасукьа
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъукьа
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъукьа
0
|
жуба-гъубаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
жуба-гъубарасукьан
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъукьан
0
|
жуба-гъубаралъукьан
0
|
жуба-гъубаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
жуба-гъубан
[ʒuba-ʁuban]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
жуба-гъубан
[ʒuba-ʁuban]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
жуба-гъубачӀого
[ʒuba-ʁubat͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
жуба-гъубалаго
[ʒuba-ʁubalago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
жуба-гъубаларого
[ʒuba-ʁubalarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
жуба-гъубай
[ʒuba-ʁubaj]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
жуба-гъубазе
[ʒuba-ʁubaze]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
жуба-гъубазавизе
/[ʒuba-ʁubazawize]/
0
|
жуба-гъубазайизе
/[ʒuba-ʁubazajize]/
0
|
жуба-гъубазабизе
/[ʒuba-ʁubazabize]/
0
|
жуба-гъубазаризе
/[ʒuba-ʁubazarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
жуба-гъубазавуларо
/[ʒuba-ʁubazawularo]/
0
|
жуба-гъубазайуларо
/[ʒuba-ʁubazajularo]/
0
|
жуба-гъубазабуларо
/[ʒuba-ʁubazabularo]/
0
|
жуба-гъубазаруларо
/[ʒuba-ʁubazarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
жуба-гъубааризе
[ʒuba-ʁubajarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
жуба-гъубаариларо
[ʒuba-ʁubajarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
жуба-гъуба-жуба-гъубазе
[ʒuba-ʁuba-ʒuba-ʁubaze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
жуба-гъуба-жуба-гъубаларо
[ʒuba-ʁuba-ʒuba-ʁubalaro]
0
|
|||