Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
1) обрезать, обрезать (побеги деревьев); чеканить (виноград); 2) срезать, срезать, собирать, собрать (виноград)
кончаться, заканчиваться
English
1) to prune, to trim (tree shoots); to disbud (grapes); 2) to cut, to harvest, to gather (grapes)
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
V.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: akhirize
Derivation Method
Suffix
Derived From
Derivation Suffix
-и
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Imperfective
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
2620
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2026-02-15 06:39
Attestation Count
1
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
ахирана
[ʔaχirana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
ахиричӀо
[ʔaχirit͡ʃʼo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
ахирила
[ʔaχirila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
ахириларо
[ʔaχirilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
ахирула
[ʔaχirula]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
ахируларо
[ʔaχirularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
ахирулаан
[ʔaχirulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
ахирулароан
[ʔaχirularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
ахире
[ʔaχire]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
ахируге
[ʔaχiruge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
ахиреги
[ʔaχiregi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
ахиругеги
[ʔaχirugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
ахиризин
[ʔaχirizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
ахирани
[ʔaχirani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
ахиричӀони
[ʔaχirit͡ʃʼoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
ахиранищ
[ʔaχiraniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
ахиричӀищ
[ʔaχirit͡ʃʼiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
ахирулищ
[ʔaχiruliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
ахируларищ
[ʔaχirulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
ахирилищ
[ʔaχiriliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
ахириларищ
[ʔaχirilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
ахирарав
/[ʔaχiraraw]/
0
|
ахирарай
/[ʔaχiraraj]/
0
|
ахирараб
/[ʔaχirarab]/
0
|
ахирарал
/[ʔaχiraral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
ахиричӀев
/[ʔaχirit͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
ахиричӀей
/[ʔaχirit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
ахиричӀеб
/[ʔaχirit͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
ахиричӀел
/[ʔaχirit͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
ахирулев
/[ʔaχirulew]/
0
|
ахирулей
/[ʔaχirulej]/
0
|
ахирулеб
/[ʔaχiruleb]/
0
|
ахирулел
/[ʔaχirulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
ахируларев
/[ʔaχirularew]/
0
|
ахируларей
/[ʔaχirularej]/
0
|
ахирулареб
/[ʔaχirulareb]/
0
|
ахируларел
/[ʔaχirularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
ахирилев
/[ʔaχirilew]/
0
|
ахирилей
/[ʔaχirilej]/
0
|
ахирилеб
/[ʔaχirileb]/
0
|
ахирилел
/[ʔaχirilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
ахириларев
/[ʔaχirilarew]/
0
|
ахириларей
/[ʔaχirilarej]/
0
|
ахирилареб
/[ʔaχirilareb]/
0
|
ахириларел
/[ʔaχirilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
ахиризехъин
[ʔaχirizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
ахиризехъинро
[ʔaχirizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
ахиреяв
/[ʔaχirejaw]/
0
|
ахиреяй
/[ʔaχirejaj]/
0
|
ахиреяб
/[ʔaχirejab]/
0
|
ахиреял
/[ʔaχirejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
ахирарав
0
|
ахирарай
0
|
ахирараб
0
|
ахирарал
0
|
| Ergative |
ахирарас
0
|
ахираралъ
0
|
ахираралъ
0
|
ахирараз
0
|
| Genitive |
ахирарасул
0
|
ахираралъул
0
|
ахираралъул
0
|
ахираразул
0
|
| Dative |
ахирарасе
0
|
ахираралъе
0
|
ахираралъе
0
|
ахираразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
ахирарасда
0
|
ахираралъда
0
|
ахираралъда
0
|
ахираразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
ахирарасде
0
|
ахираралъде
0
|
ахираралъде
0
|
ахираразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
ахирарасдаса
0
|
ахираралъдаса
0
|
ахираралъдаса
0
|
ахирараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
ахирарасдасан
0
|
ахираралъдасан
0
|
ахираралъдасан
0
|
ахирараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
ахирарасухъ
0
|
ахираралъухъ
0
|
ахираралъухъ
0
|
ахираразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
ахирарасухъе
0
|
ахираралъухъе
0
|
ахираралъухъе
0
|
ахираразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
ахирарасухъа
0
|
ахираралъухъа
0
|
ахираралъухъа
0
|
ахираразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
ахирарасухъан
0
|
ахираралъухъан
0
|
ахираралъухъан
0
|
ахираразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
ахирарасулъ
0
|
ахираралъулъ
0
|
ахираралъулъ
0
|
ахираразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
ахирарасулъе
0
|
ахираралъулъе
0
|
ахираралъулъе
0
|
ахираразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
ахирарасулъа
0
|
ахираралъулъа
0
|
ахираралъулъа
0
|
ахираразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
ахирарасулъан
0
|
ахираралъулъан
0
|
ахираралъулъан
0
|
ахираразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
ахирарасукь
0
|
ахираралъукь
0
|
ахираралъукь
0
|
ахираразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
ахирарасукье
0
|
ахираралъукье
0
|
ахираралъукье
0
|
ахираразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
ахирарасукьа
0
|
ахираралъукьа
0
|
ахираралъукьа
0
|
ахираразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
ахирарасукьан
0
|
ахираралъукьан
0
|
ахираралъукьан
0
|
ахираразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
ахирун
[ʔaχirun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
ахирун
[ʔaχirun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
ахиричӀого
[ʔaχirit͡ʃʼogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
ахирулаго
[ʔaχirulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
ахируларого
[ʔaχirularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
ахири
[ʔaχiri]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
ахиризе
[ʔaχirize]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Causative |
ахиризавизе
/[ʔaχirizawize]/
0
|
ахиризайизе
/[ʔaχirizajize]/
0
|
ахиризабизе
/[ʔaχirizabize]/
0
|
ахиризаризе
/[ʔaχirizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
ахиризавуларо
/[ʔaχirizawularo]/
0
|
ахиризайуларо
/[ʔaχirizajularo]/
0
|
ахиризабуларо
/[ʔaχirizabularo]/
0
|
ахиризаруларо
/[ʔaχirizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
ахириаризе
[ʔaχirijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
ахириариларо
[ʔaχirijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
ахир-ахиризе
[ʔaχir-aχirize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
ахир-ахириларо
[ʔaχir-aχirilaro]
0
|
|||