Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
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English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: bekʼkʼine
Transitivity
Intransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
278078
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-09-21 14:26
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[bekʼːunew wugo]/ |
/[bekʼːunej jigo]/ |
/[bekʼːuneb bugo]/ |
/[bekʼːunel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[bekʼːunew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[bekʼːunej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[bekʼːuneb het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[bekʼːunel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
бекӀкӀана
[bekʼːana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
бекӀкӀинчӀо
[bekʼːint͡ʃʼo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
бекӀкӀина
[bekʼːina]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
бекӀкӀинаро
[bekʼːinaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
бекӀкӀуна
[bekʼːuna]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
бекӀкӀунаро
[bekʼːunaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
бекӀкӀунаан
[bekʼːunajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
бекӀкӀунароан
[bekʼːunarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
бекӀкӀа
[bekʼːa]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
бекӀкӀунге
[bekʼːunge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
бекӀкӀаги
[bekʼːagi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
бекӀкӀунгеги
[bekʼːungegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
бекӀкӀинин
[bekʼːinin]
🔒
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
бекӀкӀани
[bekʼːani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
бекӀкӀинчӀони
[bekʼːint͡ʃʼoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
бекӀкӀанищ
[bekʼːaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
бекӀкӀинчӀищ
[bekʼːint͡ʃʼiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
бекӀкӀунищ
[bekʼːuniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
бекӀкӀунарищ
[bekʼːunariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
бекӀкӀинищ
[bekʼːiniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
бекӀкӀинарищ
[bekʼːinariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
бекӀкӀарав
/[bekʼːaraw]/
0
|
бекӀкӀарай
/[bekʼːaraj]/
0
|
бекӀкӀараб
/[bekˀːarab]/
🔒
6
|
бекӀкӀарал
/[bekˀːaral]/
🔒
1
|
| Past Participle Negative |
бекӀкӀинчӀев
/[bekʼːint͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
бекӀкӀинчӀей
/[bekʼːint͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
бекӀкӀинчӀеб
/[bekʼːint͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
бекӀкӀинчӀел
/[bekʼːint͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
бекӀкӀунев
/[bekʼːunew]/
0
|
бекӀкӀуней
/[bekʼːunej]/
0
|
бекӀкӀунеб
/[bekˀːuneb]/
🔒
1
|
бекӀкӀунел
/[bekʼːunel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
бекӀкӀунарев
/[bekʼːunarew]/
0
|
бекӀкӀунарей
/[bekʼːunarej]/
0
|
бекӀкӀунареб
/[bekʼːunareb]/
0
|
бекӀкӀунарел
/[bekʼːunarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
бекӀкӀинев
/[bekʼːinew]/
0
|
бекӀкӀиней
/[bekʼːinej]/
0
|
бекӀкӀинеб
/[bekʼːineb]/
0
|
бекӀкӀинел
/[bekʼːinel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
бекӀкӀинарев
/[bekʼːinarew]/
0
|
бекӀкӀинарей
/[bekʼːinarej]/
0
|
бекӀкӀинареб
/[bekʼːinareb]/
0
|
бекӀкӀинарел
/[bekʼːinarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
бекӀкӀинехъин
[bekʼːineq͡χːin]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
бекӀкӀинехъинро
[bekʼːineq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
бекӀкӀаяв
/[bekʼːajaw]/
0
|
бекӀкӀаяй
/[bekʼːajaj]/
0
|
бекӀкӀаяб
/[bekʼːajab]/
0
|
бекӀкӀаял
/[bekʼːajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
бекӀкӀарав
0
|
бекӀкӀарай
0
|
бекӀкӀараб
6
|
бекӀкӀарал
1
|
| Ergative |
бекӀкӀарас
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъ
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъ
0
|
бекӀкӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
бекӀкӀарасул
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъул
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъул
0
|
бекӀкӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
бекӀкӀарасе
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъе
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъе
0
|
бекӀкӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
бекӀкӀарасда
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъда
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъда
0
|
бекӀкӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
бекӀкӀарасде
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъде
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъде
0
|
бекӀкӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
бекӀкӀарасдаса
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъдаса
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъдаса
0
|
бекӀкӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
бекӀкӀарасдасан
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъдасан
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъдасан
0
|
бекӀкӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
бекӀкӀарасухъ
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъухъ
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъухъ
0
|
бекӀкӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
бекӀкӀарасухъе
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъухъе
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъухъе
0
|
бекӀкӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
бекӀкӀарасухъа
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъухъа
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъухъа
0
|
бекӀкӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
бекӀкӀарасухъан
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъухъан
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъухъан
0
|
бекӀкӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
бекӀкӀарасулъ
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъулъ
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъулъ
0
|
бекӀкӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
бекӀкӀарасулъе
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъулъе
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъулъе
0
|
бекӀкӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
бекӀкӀарасулъа
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъулъа
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъулъа
0
|
бекӀкӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
бекӀкӀарасулъан
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъулъан
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъулъан
0
|
бекӀкӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
бекӀкӀарасукь
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъукь
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъукь
0
|
бекӀкӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
бекӀкӀарасукье
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъукье
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъукье
0
|
бекӀкӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
бекӀкӀарасукьа
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъукьа
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъукьа
0
|
бекӀкӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
бекӀкӀарасукьан
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъукьан
0
|
бекӀкӀаралъукьан
0
|
бекӀкӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
бекӀкӀун
[bekʼːun]
🔒
14
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
бекӀкӀун
[bekˀːun]
🔒
14
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
бекӀкӀинчӀого
[bekʼːint͡ʃʼogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
бекӀкӀунаго
[bekʼːunago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
бекӀкӀунарого
[bekʼːunarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
бекӀкӀин
[bekʼːin]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
бекӀкӀине
[bekʼːine]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
бекӀкӀинавизе
/[bekʼːinawize]/
🔒
0
|
бекӀкӀинайизе
/[bekʼːinajize]/
0
|
бекӀкӀинабизе
/[bekʼːinabize]/
🔒
0
|
бекӀкӀинаризе
/[bekʼːinarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
бекӀкӀинавуларо
/[bekʼːinawularo]/
0
|
бекӀкӀинайуларо
/[bekʼːinajularo]/
0
|
бекӀкӀинабуларо
/[bekʼːinabularo]/
0
|
бекӀкӀинаруларо
/[bekʼːinarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
бекӀкӀанхъизе
[bekʼːanq͡χːize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
бекӀкӀанхъиларо
[bekʼːanq͡χːilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
бекӀкӀ-бекӀкӀине
[bekʼː-bekʼːine]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
бекӀкӀ-бекӀкӀинаро
[bekʼː-bekʼːinaro]
0
|
|||