Personal Notes
This word has other meanings (homographs).
View alternatives
🌐 Translations
Russian
поздравлять, поздравить
English
to congratulate
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: barkize
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
285656
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2026-04-22 03:35
Attestation Count
305
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
баркана
[barkʰana]
🔒
385
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
баркичӀо
[barkʰit͡ʃʼo]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Future Simple |
баркила
[barkʰila]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
баркиларо
[barkʰilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
баркула
[barkʰula]
🔒
876
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
баркуларо
[barkʰularo]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
баркулаан
[barkʰulajan]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
баркулароан
[barkʰularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
барке
[barkʰe]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
баркуге
[barkʰuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
баркеги
[barkʰegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
баркугеги
[barkʰugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
баркизин
[barkʰizin]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
баркани
[barkʰani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
баркичӀони
[barkʰit͡ʃʼoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
барканищ
[barkʰaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
баркичӀищ
[barkʰit͡ʃʼiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
баркулищ
[barkʰuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
баркуларищ
[barkʰulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
баркилищ
[barkʰiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
баркиларищ
[barkʰilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
баркарав
/[barkʰaraw]/
0
|
баркарай
/[barkʰaraj]/
0
|
баркараб
/[barkʰarab]/
🔒
20
|
баркарал
/[barkʰaral]/
🔒
10
|
| Past Participle Negative |
баркичӀев
/[barkʰit͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
баркичӀей
/[barkʰit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
баркичӀеб
/[barkʰit͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
баркичӀел
/[barkʰit͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
баркулев
/[barkʰulew]/
0
|
баркулей
/[barkʰulej]/
0
|
баркулеб
/[barkʰuleb]/
🔒
140
|
баркулел
/[barkʰulel]/
🔒
13
|
| Present Participle Negative |
баркуларев
/[barkʰularew]/
0
|
баркуларей
/[barkʰularej]/
0
|
баркулареб
/[barkʰulareb]/
0
|
баркуларел
/[barkʰularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
баркилев
/[barkʰilew]/
0
|
баркилей
/[barkʰilej]/
0
|
баркилеб
/[barkʰileb]/
🔒
1
|
баркилел
/[barkʰilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
баркиларев
/[barkʰilarew]/
0
|
баркиларей
/[barkʰilarej]/
0
|
баркилареб
/[barkʰilareb]/
0
|
баркиларел
/[barkʰilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
баркизехъин
[barkʰizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
баркизехъинро
[barkʰizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
баркеяв
/[barkʰejaw]/
0
|
баркеяй
/[barkʰejaj]/
0
|
баркеяб
/[barkʰejab]/
0
|
баркеял
/[barkʰejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
баркарав
0
|
баркарай
0
|
баркараб
20
|
баркарал
10
|
| Ergative |
баркарас
0
|
баркаралъ
0
|
баркаралъ
0
|
баркараз
0
|
| Genitive |
баркарасул
0
|
баркаралъул
0
|
баркаралъул
0
|
баркаразул
1
|
| Dative |
баркарасе
0
|
баркаралъе
0
|
баркаралъе
0
|
баркаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
баркарасда
0
|
баркаралъда
0
|
баркаралъда
0
|
баркаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
баркарасде
0
|
баркаралъде
0
|
баркаралъде
0
|
баркаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
баркарасдаса
0
|
баркаралъдаса
0
|
баркаралъдаса
0
|
баркараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
баркарасдасан
0
|
баркаралъдасан
0
|
баркаралъдасан
0
|
баркараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
баркарасухъ
0
|
баркаралъухъ
0
|
баркаралъухъ
0
|
баркаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
баркарасухъе
0
|
баркаралъухъе
0
|
баркаралъухъе
0
|
баркаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
баркарасухъа
0
|
баркаралъухъа
0
|
баркаралъухъа
0
|
баркаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
баркарасухъан
0
|
баркаралъухъан
0
|
баркаралъухъан
0
|
баркаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
баркарасулъ
0
|
баркаралъулъ
0
|
баркаралъулъ
0
|
баркаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
баркарасулъе
0
|
баркаралъулъе
0
|
баркаралъулъе
0
|
баркаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
баркарасулъа
0
|
баркаралъулъа
0
|
баркаралъулъа
0
|
баркаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
баркарасулъан
0
|
баркаралъулъан
0
|
баркаралъулъан
0
|
баркаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
баркарасукь
0
|
баркаралъукь
0
|
баркаралъукь
0
|
баркаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
баркарасукье
0
|
баркаралъукье
0
|
баркаралъукье
0
|
баркаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
баркарасукьа
0
|
баркаралъукьа
0
|
баркаралъукьа
0
|
баркаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
баркарасукьан
0
|
баркаралъукьан
0
|
баркаралъукьан
0
|
баркаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
баркун
[barkʰun]
🔒
284
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
баркун
[barkʰun]
🔒
284
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
баркичӀого
[barkʰit͡ʃʼogo]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
баркулаго
[barkʰulago]
🔒
136
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
баркуларого
[barkʰularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
барки
[barkʰi]
🔒
37
|
|||
| Infinitive |
баркизе
[barkʰize]
🔒
305
|
|||
| Causative |
баркизавизе
/[barkʰizawize]/
0
|
баркизайизе
/[barkʰizajize]/
0
|
баркизабизе
/[barkʰizabize]/
0
|
баркизаризе
/[barkʰizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
баркизавуларо
/[barkʰizawularo]/
0
|
баркизайуларо
/[barkʰizajularo]/
0
|
баркизабуларо
/[barkʰizabularo]/
0
|
баркизаруларо
/[barkʰizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
баркиаризе
[barkʰijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
баркиариларо
[barkʰijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
барк-баркизе
[barkʰ-barkʰize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
барк-баркиларо
[barkʰ-barkʰilaro]
0
|
|||