Personal Notes
This word has other meanings (homographs).
View alternatives
🌐 Translations
Russian
осиротеть, остаться сиротой
English
to become an orphan
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: besdallhize
Transitivity
Intransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
285816
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2026-04-22 03:42
Attestation Count
1
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[bezdalɬulew wugo]/ |
/[bezdalɬulej jigo]/ |
/[bezdalɬuleb bugo]/ |
/[bezdalɬulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[bezdalɬulew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[bezdalɬulej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[bezdalɬuleb het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[bezdalɬulel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
бесдаллъана
[bezdalɬana]
🔒
17
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
бесдаллъичӀо
[bezdalɬit͡ʃʼo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
бесдаллъила
[bezdalɬila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
бесдаллъиларо
[bezdalɬilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
бесдаллъула
[bezdalɬula]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
бесдаллъуларо
[bezdalɬularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
бесдаллъулаан
[bezdalɬulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
бесдаллъулароан
[bezdalɬularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
бесдаллъе
[bezdalɬe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
бесдаллъуге
[bezdalɬuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
бесдаллъеги
[bezdalɬegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
бесдаллъугеги
[bezdalɬugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
бесдаллъизин
[bezdalɬizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
бесдаллъани
[bezdalɬani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
бесдаллъичӀони
[bezdalɬit͡ʃʼoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
бесдаллъанищ
[bezdalɬaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
бесдаллъичӀищ
[bezdalɬit͡ʃʼiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
бесдаллъулищ
[bezdalɬuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
бесдаллъуларищ
[bezdalɬulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
бесдаллъилищ
[bezdalɬiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
бесдаллъиларищ
[bezdalɬilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
бесдаллъарав
/[bezdalɬaraw]/
🔒
2
|
бесдаллъарай
/[bezdalɬaraj]/
🔒
1
|
бесдаллъараб
/[bezdalɬarab]/
🔒
6
|
бесдаллъарал
/[bezdalɬaral]/
🔒
19
|
| Past Participle Negative |
бесдаллъичӀев
/[bezdalɬit͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
бесдаллъичӀей
/[bezdalɬit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
бесдаллъичӀеб
/[bezdalɬit͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
бесдаллъичӀел
/[bezdalɬit͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
бесдаллъулев
/[bezdalɬulew]/
0
|
бесдаллъулей
/[bezdalɬulej]/
0
|
бесдаллъулеб
/[bezdalɬuleb]/
0
|
бесдаллъулел
/[bezdalɬulel]/
🔒
1
|
| Present Participle Negative |
бесдаллъуларев
/[bezdalɬularew]/
0
|
бесдаллъуларей
/[bezdalɬularej]/
0
|
бесдаллъулареб
/[bezdalɬulareb]/
0
|
бесдаллъуларел
/[bezdalɬularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
бесдаллъилев
/[bezdalɬilew]/
0
|
бесдаллъилей
/[bezdalɬilej]/
0
|
бесдаллъилеб
/[bezdalɬileb]/
0
|
бесдаллъилел
/[bezdalɬilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
бесдаллъиларев
/[bezdalɬilarew]/
0
|
бесдаллъиларей
/[bezdalɬilarej]/
0
|
бесдаллъилареб
/[bezdalɬilareb]/
0
|
бесдаллъиларел
/[bezdalɬilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
бесдаллъизехъин
[bezdalɬizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
бесдаллъизехъинро
[bezdalɬizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
бесдаллъеяв
/[bezdalɬejaw]/
0
|
бесдаллъеяй
/[bezdalɬejaj]/
0
|
бесдаллъеяб
/[bezdalɬejab]/
0
|
бесдаллъеял
/[bezdalɬejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
бесдаллъарав
2
|
бесдаллъарай
1
|
бесдаллъараб
6
|
бесдаллъарал
19
|
| Ergative |
бесдаллъарас
0
|
бесдаллъаралъ
0
|
бесдаллъаралъ
0
|
бесдаллъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
бесдаллъарасул
0
|
бесдаллъаралъул
0
|
бесдаллъаралъул
0
|
бесдаллъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
бесдаллъарасе
0
|
бесдаллъаралъе
0
|
бесдаллъаралъе
0
|
бесдаллъаразе
2
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
бесдаллъарасда
0
|
бесдаллъаралъда
0
|
бесдаллъаралъда
0
|
бесдаллъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
бесдаллъарасде
0
|
бесдаллъаралъде
0
|
бесдаллъаралъде
0
|
бесдаллъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
бесдаллъарасдаса
0
|
бесдаллъаралъдаса
0
|
бесдаллъаралъдаса
0
|
бесдаллъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
бесдаллъарасдасан
0
|
бесдаллъаралъдасан
0
|
бесдаллъаралъдасан
0
|
бесдаллъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
бесдаллъарасухъ
0
|
бесдаллъаралъухъ
0
|
бесдаллъаралъухъ
0
|
бесдаллъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
бесдаллъарасухъе
0
|
бесдаллъаралъухъе
0
|
бесдаллъаралъухъе
0
|
бесдаллъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
бесдаллъарасухъа
0
|
бесдаллъаралъухъа
0
|
бесдаллъаралъухъа
0
|
бесдаллъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
бесдаллъарасухъан
0
|
бесдаллъаралъухъан
0
|
бесдаллъаралъухъан
0
|
бесдаллъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
бесдаллъарасулъ
0
|
бесдаллъаралъулъ
0
|
бесдаллъаралъулъ
0
|
бесдаллъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
бесдаллъарасулъе
0
|
бесдаллъаралъулъе
0
|
бесдаллъаралъулъе
0
|
бесдаллъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
бесдаллъарасулъа
0
|
бесдаллъаралъулъа
0
|
бесдаллъаралъулъа
0
|
бесдаллъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
бесдаллъарасулъан
0
|
бесдаллъаралъулъан
0
|
бесдаллъаралъулъан
0
|
бесдаллъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
бесдаллъарасукь
0
|
бесдаллъаралъукь
0
|
бесдаллъаралъукь
0
|
бесдаллъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
бесдаллъарасукье
0
|
бесдаллъаралъукье
0
|
бесдаллъаралъукье
0
|
бесдаллъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
бесдаллъарасукьа
0
|
бесдаллъаралъукьа
0
|
бесдаллъаралъукьа
0
|
бесдаллъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
бесдаллъарасукьан
0
|
бесдаллъаралъукьан
0
|
бесдаллъаралъукьан
0
|
бесдаллъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
бесдаллъун
[bezdalɬun]
🔒
13
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
бесдаллъун
[bezdalɬun]
🔒
13
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
бесдаллъичӀого
[bezdalɬit͡ʃʼogo]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
бесдаллъулаго
[bezdalɬulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
бесдаллъуларого
[bezdalɬularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
бесдаллъи
[bezdalɬi]
🔒
12
|
|||
| Infinitive |
бесдаллъизе
[bezdalɬize]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Causative |
бесдаллъизавизе
/[bezdalɬizawize]/
0
|
бесдаллъизайизе
/[bezdalɬizajize]/
0
|
бесдаллъизабизе
/[bezdalɬizabize]/
0
|
бесдаллъизаризе
/[bezdalɬizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
бесдаллъизавуларо
/[bezdalɬizawularo]/
0
|
бесдаллъизайуларо
/[bezdalɬizajularo]/
0
|
бесдаллъизабуларо
/[bezdalɬizabularo]/
0
|
бесдаллъизаруларо
/[bezdalɬizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
бесдаллъиаризе
[bezdalɬijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
бесдаллъиариларо
[bezdalɬijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
бесдаллъ-бесдаллъизе
[bezdalɬ-bezdalɬize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
бесдаллъ-бесдаллъиларо
[bezdalɬ-bezdalɬilaro]
0
|
|||