Personal Notes
This word has other meanings (homographs).
View alternatives
🌐 Translations
Russian
затемнять, затемнить, делать тёмным; загораживать свет
English
to darken, to obscure; to block the light
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 5
ASCII: bets'lhizabize
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Perfective
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
285860
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2026-04-22 03:45
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[bet͡sʼɬizawulew wugo]/ |
/[bet͡sʼɬizajulej jigo]/ |
/[bet͡sʼɬizabuleb bugo]/ |
/[bet͡sʼɬizarulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[bet͡sʼɬizawulew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[bet͡sʼɬizajulej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[bet͡sʼɬizabuleb het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[bet͡sʼɬizarulel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
бецӀлъизавуна
/[bet͡sʼɬizawuna]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайуна
/[bet͡sʼɬizajuna]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабуна
/[bet͡sʼɬizabuna]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаруна
/[bet͡sʼɬizaruna]/
0
|
| Past Simple Negative |
бецӀлъизавичӀо
/[bet͡sʼɬizawit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайичӀо
/[bet͡sʼɬizajit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабичӀо
/[bet͡sʼɬizabit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаричӀо
/[bet͡sʼɬizarit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
| Future Simple |
бецӀлъизавила
/[bet͡sʼɬizawila]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайила
/[bet͡sʼɬizajila]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабила
/[bet͡sʼɬizabila]/
0
|
бецӀлъизарила
/[bet͡sʼɬizarila]/
0
|
| Future Simple Negative |
бецӀлъизавиларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizawilaro]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайиларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizajilaro]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабиларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizabilaro]/
0
|
бецӀлъизариларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizarilaro]/
0
|
| Constative |
бецӀлъизавула
/[bet͡sʼɬizawula]/
🔒
0
|
бецӀлъизайула
/[bet͡sʼɬizajula]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабула
/[bet͡sʼɬizabula]/
0
|
бецӀлъизарула
/[bet͡sʼɬizarula]/
0
|
| Constative Negative |
бецӀлъизавуларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizawularo]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайуларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizajularo]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабуларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizabularo]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаруларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizarularo]/
0
|
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
бецӀлъизавулаан
/[bet͡sʼɬizawulajan]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайулаан
/[bet͡sʼɬizajulajan]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабулаан
/[bet͡sʼɬizabulajan]/
🔒
1
|
бецӀлъизарулаан
/[bet͡sʼɬizarulajan]/
0
|
| Remote Past Negative |
бецӀлъизабулароан
/[bet͡sʼɬizabularojan]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабулароан
/[bet͡sʼɬizabularojan]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабулароан
/[bet͡sʼɬizabularojan]/
0
|
бецӀлъизарулароан
/[bet͡sʼɬizarularojan]/
0
|
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
бецӀлъизаве
/[bet͡sʼɬizawe]/
🔒
0
|
бецӀлъизайе
/[bet͡sʼɬizaje]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабе
/[bet͡sʼɬizabe]/
🔒
1
|
бецӀлъизаре
/[bet͡sʼɬizare]/
0
|
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
бецӀлъизавуге
/[bet͡sʼɬizawuge]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайуге
/[bet͡sʼɬizajuge]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабуге
/[bet͡sʼɬizabuge]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаруге
/[bet͡sʼɬizaruge]/
0
|
| Optative |
бецӀлъизабеги
/[bet͡sʼɬizawegi]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабеги
/[bet͡sʼɬizajegi]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабеги
/[bet͡sʼɬizabegi]/
0
|
бецӀлъизареги
/[bet͡sʼɬizaregi]/
0
|
| Prohibitive Optative |
бецӀлъизабугеги
/[bet͡sʼɬizabugegi]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабугеги
/[bet͡sʼɬizabugegi]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабугеги
/[bet͡sʼɬizabugegi]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаругеги
/[bet͡sʼɬizarugegi]/
0
|
| Hortative |
бецӀлъизавизин
/[bet͡sʼɬizawizin]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайизин
/[bet͡sʼɬizajizin]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабизин
/[bet͡sʼɬizabizin]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаризин
/[bet͡sʼɬizarizin]/
0
|
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
бецӀлъизавуни
/[bet͡sʼɬizawuni]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайуни
/[bet͡sʼɬizajuni]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабуни
/[bet͡sʼɬizabuni]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаруни
/[bet͡sʼɬizaruni]/
0
|
| Conditional Negative |
бецӀлъизабичӀони
/[bet͡sʼɬizabit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабичӀони
/[bet͡sʼɬizabit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабичӀони
/[bet͡sʼɬizabit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаричӀони
/[bet͡sʼɬizarit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
бецӀлъизавунищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizawuniʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайунищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizajuniʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабунищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizabuniʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизарунищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizaruniʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
бецӀлъизавичӀищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizawit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайичӀищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizajit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабичӀищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizabit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаричӀищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizarit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
бецӀлъизавулищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizawuliʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайулищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizajuliʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабулищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizabuliʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизарулищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizaruliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
бецӀлъизавуларищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizawulariʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайуларищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizajulariʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабуларищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizabulariʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаруларищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizarulariʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
бецӀлъизавилищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizawiliʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайилищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizajiliʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабилищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizabiliʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизарилищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizariliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
бецӀлъизавиларищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizawilariʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайиларищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizajilariʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабиларищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizabilariʃː]/
0
|
бецӀлъизариларищ
/[bet͡sʼɬizarilariʃː]/
0
|
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
бецӀлъизавурав
/[bet͡sʼɬizawuraw]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайурай
/[bet͡sʼɬizajuraj]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабураб
/[bet͡sʼɬizaburab]/
0
|
бецӀлъизарурал
/[bet͡sʼɬizarural]/
🔒
1
|
| Past Participle Negative |
бецӀлъизавичӀев
/[bet͡sʼɬizawit͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайичӀей
/[bet͡sʼɬizajit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабичӀеб
/[bet͡sʼɬizabit͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаричӀел
/[bet͡sʼɬizarit͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
бецӀлъизавулев
/[bet͡sʼɬizawulew]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайулей
/[bet͡sʼɬizajulej]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабулеб
/[bet͡sʼɬizabuleb]/
0
|
бецӀлъизарулел
/[bet͡sʼɬizarulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
бецӀлъизавуларев
/[bet͡sʼɬizawularew]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайуларей
/[bet͡sʼɬizajularej]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабулареб
/[bet͡sʼɬizabulareb]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаруларел
/[bet͡sʼɬizarularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
бецӀлъизавилев
/[bet͡sʼɬizawilew]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайилей
/[bet͡sʼɬizajilej]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабилеб
/[bet͡sʼɬizabileb]/
0
|
бецӀлъизарилел
/[bet͡sʼɬizarilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
бецӀлъизавиларев
/[bet͡sʼɬizawilarew]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайиларей
/[bet͡sʼɬizajilarej]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабилареб
/[bet͡sʼɬizabilareb]/
0
|
бецӀлъизариларел
/[bet͡sʼɬizarilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
бецӀлъизавизехъин
/[bet͡sʼɬizawizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайизехъин
/[bet͡sʼɬizajizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабизехъин
/[bet͡sʼɬizabizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаризехъин
/[bet͡sʼɬizarizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle Negative |
бецӀлъизавизехъинро
/[bet͡sʼɬizawizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайизехъинро
/[bet͡sʼɬizajizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабизехъинро
/[bet͡sʼɬizabizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаризехъинро
/[bet͡sʼɬizarizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
| Optative Participle |
бецӀлъизавеяв
/[bet͡sʼɬizawejaw]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайеяй
/[bet͡sʼɬizajejaj]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабеяб
/[bet͡sʼɬizabejab]/
0
|
бецӀлъизареял
/[bet͡sʼɬizarejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
бецӀлъизавурав
0
|
бецӀлъизайурай
0
|
бецӀлъизабураб
0
|
бецӀлъизарурал
1
|
| Ergative |
бецӀлъизавурас
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъ
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъ
0
|
бецӀлъизарураз
0
|
| Genitive |
бецӀлъизавурасул
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъул
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъул
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразул
0
|
| Dative |
бецӀлъизавурасе
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъе
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъе
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
бецӀлъизавурасда
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъда
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъда
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
бецӀлъизавурасде
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъде
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъде
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
бецӀлъизавурасдаса
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъдаса
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъдаса
0
|
бецӀлъизарураздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
бецӀлъизавурасдасан
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъдасан
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъдасан
0
|
бецӀлъизарураздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
бецӀлъизавурасухъ
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъухъ
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъухъ
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
бецӀлъизавурасухъе
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъухъе
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъухъе
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
бецӀлъизавурасухъа
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъухъа
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъухъа
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
бецӀлъизавурасухъан
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъухъан
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъухъан
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
бецӀлъизавурасулъ
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъулъ
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъулъ
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
бецӀлъизавурасулъе
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъулъе
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъулъе
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
бецӀлъизавурасулъа
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъулъа
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъулъа
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
бецӀлъизавурасулъан
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъулъан
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъулъан
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
бецӀлъизавурасукь
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъукь
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъукь
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
бецӀлъизавурасукье
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъукье
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъукье
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
бецӀлъизавурасукьа
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъукьа
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъукьа
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
бецӀлъизавурасукьан
0
|
бецӀлъизайуралъукьан
0
|
бецӀлъизабуралъукьан
0
|
бецӀлъизаруразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
бецӀлъизавун
/[bet͡sʼɬizawun]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайун
/[bet͡sʼɬizajun]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабун
/[bet͡sʼɬizabun]/
0
|
бецӀлъизарун
/[bet͡sʼɬizarun]/
0
|
| Adverbial Past |
бецӀлъизавун
/[bet͡sʼɬizawun]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайун
/[bet͡sʼɬizajun]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабун
/[bet͡sʼɬizabun]/
0
|
бецӀлъизарун
/[bet͡sʼɬizarun]/
0
|
| Adverbial Past Negative |
бецӀлъизабичӀого
/[bet͡sʼɬizabit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабичӀого
/[bet͡sʼɬizabit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабичӀого
/[bet͡sʼɬizabit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаричӀого
/[bet͡sʼɬizarit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
| Adverbial General |
бецӀлъизавулаго
/[bet͡sʼɬizawulago]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайулаго
/[bet͡sʼɬizajulago]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабулаго
/[bet͡sʼɬizabulago]/
0
|
бецӀлъизарулаго
/[bet͡sʼɬizarulago]/
0
|
| Adverbial General Negative |
бецӀлъизабуларого
/[bet͡sʼɬizabularogo]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабуларого
/[bet͡sʼɬizabularogo]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабуларого
/[bet͡sʼɬizabularogo]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаруларого
/[bet͡sʼɬizarularogo]/
0
|
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
бецӀлъизави
/[bet͡sʼɬizawi]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайи
/[bet͡sʼɬizaji]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаби
/[bet͡sʼɬizabi]/
0
|
бецӀлъизари
/[bet͡sʼɬizari]/
0
|
| Infinitive |
бецӀлъизавизе
/[bet͡sʼɬizawize]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайизе
/[bet͡sʼɬizajize]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабизе
/[bet͡sʼɬizabize]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаризе
/[bet͡sʼɬizarize]/
0
|
| Causative |
—
0
|
|||
| Causative Negative |
—
0
|
|||
| Durative |
бецӀлъизавиаризе
/[bet͡sʼɬizawijarize]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайиаризе
/[bet͡sʼɬizajijarize]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабиаризе
/[bet͡sʼɬizabijarize]/
0
|
бецӀлъизариаризе
/[bet͡sʼɬizarijarize]/
0
|
| Durative Negative |
бецӀлъизавиариларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizawijarilaro]/
0
|
бецӀлъизайиариларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizajijarilaro]/
0
|
бецӀлъизабиариларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizabijarilaro]/
0
|
бецӀлъизариариларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizarijarilaro]/
0
|
| Frequentative |
бецӀлъизаб-бецӀлъизавизе
/[bet͡sʼɬizab-bet͡sʼɬizawize]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаб-бецӀлъизайизе
/[bet͡sʼɬizab-bet͡sʼɬizajize]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаб-бецӀлъизабизе
/[bet͡sʼɬizab-bet͡sʼɬizabize]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаб-бецӀлъизаризе
/[bet͡sʼɬizab-bet͡sʼɬizarize]/
0
|
| Frequentative Negative |
бецӀлъизаб-бецӀлъизавиларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizab-bet͡sʼɬizawilaro]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаб-бецӀлъизайиларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizab-bet͡sʼɬizajilaro]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаб-бецӀлъизабиларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizab-bet͡sʼɬizabilaro]/
0
|
бецӀлъизаб-бецӀлъизариларо
/[bet͡sʼɬizab-bet͡sʼɬizarilaro]/
0
|