Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
1) путаться, запутываться (о нитках); 2) (ис)портиться; 3) гноиться (о ране); 4) сморщиться и засушиться (о плодах); 5) раздражаться; капризничать (о ребёнке); 6) расстроиться (о деле, сделке)
English
1) to get tangled (of thread); 2) to spoil / go bad; 3) to fester (of a wound); 4) to shrivel up (of fruit); 5) to be irritable / to be in a bad mood; 6) to fall through / fail (of a deal or affair)
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Class-based
Yes
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: bighine²
Transitivity
Intransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
Yes
System Information
Database ID
285902
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2026-04-24 10:52
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[wiʁine²ew wugo]/ |
/[jiʁine²ej jigo]/ |
/[biʁine²eb bugo]/ |
/[riʁine²el rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[wiʁine²ew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[jiʁine²ej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[biʁine²eb het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[riʁine²el het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
вигъине²
/[wiʁine²]/
0
|
йигъине²
/[jiʁine²]/
0
|
бигъине²
/[biʁine²]/
0
|
ригъине²
/[riʁine²]/
0
|
| Past Simple Negative |
вигъине²
/[wiʁine²]/
0
|
йигъине²
/[jiʁine²]/
0
|
бигъине²
/[biʁine²]/
0
|
ригъине²
/[riʁine²]/
0
|
| Future Simple |
вигъине²
/[wiʁine²]/
0
|
йигъине²
/[jiʁine²]/
0
|
бигъине²
/[biʁine²]/
0
|
ригъине²
/[riʁine²]/
0
|
| Future Simple Negative |
вигъине²ро
/[wiʁine²ro]/
0
|
йигъине²ро
/[jiʁine²ro]/
0
|
бигъине²ро
/[biʁine²ro]/
0
|
ригъине²ро
/[riʁine²ro]/
0
|
| Constative |
вигъине²
/[wiʁine²]/
0
|
йигъине²
/[jiʁine²]/
0
|
бигъине²
/[biʁine²]/
🔒
0
|
ригъине²
/[riʁine²]/
0
|
| Constative Negative |
вигъине²ро
/[wiʁine²ro]/
0
|
йигъине²ро
/[jiʁine²ro]/
0
|
бигъине²ро
/[biʁine²ro]/
0
|
ригъине²ро
/[riʁine²ro]/
0
|
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
вигъине²ан
/[wiʁine²an]/
0
|
йигъине²ан
/[jiʁine²an]/
0
|
бигъине²ан
/[biʁine²an]/
0
|
ригъине²ан
/[riʁine²an]/
0
|
| Remote Past Negative |
вигъине²роан
/[wiʁine²rojan]/
0
|
йигъине²роан
/[jiʁine²rojan]/
0
|
бигъине²роан
/[biʁine²rojan]/
0
|
ригъине²роан
/[riʁine²rojan]/
0
|
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
—
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
вигъине²ге
/[wiʁine²ge]/
0
|
йигъине²ге
/[jiʁine²ge]/
0
|
бигъине²ге
/[biʁine²ge]/
0
|
ригъине²ге
/[riʁine²ge]/
0
|
| Optative |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
вигъине²геги
/[wiʁine²gegi]/
0
|
йигъине²геги
/[jiʁine²gegi]/
0
|
бигъине²геги
/[biʁine²gegi]/
0
|
ригъине²геги
/[riʁine²gegi]/
0
|
| Hortative |
вигъине²ин
/[wiʁine²in]/
0
|
йигъине²ин
/[jiʁine²in]/
0
|
бигъине²ин
/[biʁine²in]/
0
|
ригъине²ин
/[riʁine²in]/
0
|
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
—
0
|
|||
| Conditional |
вигъине²ni
/[wiʁine²ni]/
0
|
йигъине²ni
/[jiʁine²ni]/
0
|
бигъине²ni
/[biʁine²ni]/
0
|
ригъине²ni
/[riʁine²ni]/
0
|
| Conditional Negative |
вигъине²ни
/[wiʁine²ni]/
0
|
йигъине²ни
/[jiʁine²ni]/
0
|
бигъине²ни
/[biʁine²ni]/
0
|
ригъине²ни
/[riʁine²ni]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
вигъине²ищ
/[wiʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
йигъине²ищ
/[jiʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
бигъине²ищ
/[biʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
ригъине²ищ
/[riʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
вигъине²ищ
/[wiʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
йигъине²ищ
/[jiʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
бигъине²ищ
/[biʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
ригъине²ищ
/[riʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
вигъине²ищ
/[wiʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
йигъине²ищ
/[jiʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
бигъине²ищ
/[biʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
ригъине²ищ
/[riʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
вигъине²рищ
/[wiʁine²riʃː]/
0
|
йигъине²рищ
/[jiʁine²riʃː]/
0
|
бигъине²рищ
/[biʁine²riʃː]/
0
|
ригъине²рищ
/[riʁine²riʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
вигъине²ищ
/[wiʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
йигъине²ищ
/[jiʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
бигъине²ищ
/[biʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
ригъине²ищ
/[riʁine²iʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
вигъине²рищ
/[wiʁine²riʃː]/
0
|
йигъине²рищ
/[jiʁine²riʃː]/
0
|
бигъине²рищ
/[biʁine²riʃː]/
0
|
ригъине²рищ
/[riʁine²riʃː]/
0
|
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
вигъине²рав
/[wiʁine²raw]/
0
|
йигъине²рай
/[jiʁine²raj]/
0
|
бигъине²раб
/[biʁine²rab]/
0
|
ригъине²рал
/[riʁine²ral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
вигъине²ев
/[wiʁine²ew]/
0
|
йигъине²ей
/[jiʁine²ej]/
0
|
бигъине²еб
/[biʁine²eb]/
0
|
ригъине²ел
/[riʁine²el]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
вигъине²ев
/[wiʁine²ew]/
0
|
йигъине²ей
/[jiʁine²ej]/
0
|
бигъине²еб
/[biʁine²eb]/
0
|
ригъине²ел
/[riʁine²el]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
вигъине²рев
/[wiʁine²rew]/
0
|
йигъине²рей
/[jiʁine²rej]/
0
|
бигъине²реб
/[biʁine²reb]/
0
|
ригъине²рел
/[riʁine²rel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
вигъине²ев
/[wiʁine²ew]/
0
|
йигъине²ей
/[jiʁine²ej]/
0
|
бигъине²еб
/[biʁine²eb]/
0
|
ригъине²ел
/[riʁine²el]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
вигъине²рев
/[wiʁine²rew]/
0
|
йигъине²рей
/[jiʁine²rej]/
0
|
бигъине²реб
/[biʁine²reb]/
0
|
ригъине²рел
/[riʁine²rel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
вигъине²хъин
/[wiʁine²q͡χːin]/
0
|
йигъине²хъин
/[jiʁine²q͡χːin]/
0
|
бигъине²хъин
/[biʁine²q͡χːin]/
0
|
ригъине²хъин
/[riʁine²q͡χːin]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle Negative |
вигъине²хъинро
/[wiʁine²q͡χːinro]/
0
|
йигъине²хъинро
/[jiʁine²q͡χːinro]/
0
|
бигъине²хъинро
/[biʁine²q͡χːinro]/
0
|
ригъине²хъинро
/[riʁine²q͡χːinro]/
0
|
| Optative Participle |
—
0
|
|||
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
вигъине²рав
0
|
йигъине²рай
0
|
бигъине²раб
0
|
ригъине²рал
0
|
| Ergative |
вигъине²рас
0
|
йигъине²ралъ
0
|
бигъине²ралъ
0
|
ригъине²раз
0
|
| Genitive |
вигъине²расул
0
|
йигъине²ралъул
0
|
бигъине²ралъул
0
|
ригъине²разул
0
|
| Dative |
вигъине²расе
0
|
йигъине²ралъе
0
|
бигъине²ралъе
0
|
ригъине²разе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
вигъине²расда
0
|
йигъине²ралъда
0
|
бигъине²ралъда
0
|
ригъине²разда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
вигъине²расде
0
|
йигъине²ралъде
0
|
бигъине²ралъде
0
|
ригъине²разде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
вигъине²расдаса
0
|
йигъине²ралъдаса
0
|
бигъине²ралъдаса
0
|
ригъине²раздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
вигъине²расдасан
0
|
йигъине²ралъдасан
0
|
бигъине²ралъдасан
0
|
ригъине²раздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
вигъине²расухъ
0
|
йигъине²ралъухъ
0
|
бигъине²ралъухъ
0
|
ригъине²разухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
вигъине²расухъе
0
|
йигъине²ралъухъе
0
|
бигъине²ралъухъе
0
|
ригъине²разухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
вигъине²расухъа
0
|
йигъине²ралъухъа
0
|
бигъине²ралъухъа
0
|
ригъине²разухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
вигъине²расухъан
0
|
йигъине²ралъухъан
0
|
бигъине²ралъухъан
0
|
ригъине²разухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
вигъине²расулъ
0
|
йигъине²ралъулъ
0
|
бигъине²ралъулъ
0
|
ригъине²разулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
вигъине²расулъе
0
|
йигъине²ралъулъе
0
|
бигъине²ралъулъе
0
|
ригъине²разулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
вигъине²расулъа
0
|
йигъине²ралъулъа
0
|
бигъине²ралъулъа
0
|
ригъине²разулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
вигъине²расулъан
0
|
йигъине²ралъулъан
0
|
бигъине²ралъулъан
0
|
ригъине²разулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
вигъине²расукь
0
|
йигъине²ралъукь
0
|
бигъине²ралъукь
0
|
ригъине²разукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
вигъине²расукье
0
|
йигъине²ралъукье
0
|
бигъине²ралъукье
0
|
ригъине²разукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
вигъине²расукьа
0
|
йигъине²ралъукьа
0
|
бигъине²ралъукьа
0
|
ригъине²разукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
вигъине²расукьан
0
|
йигъине²ралъукьан
0
|
бигъине²ралъукьан
0
|
ригъине²разукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
—
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
вигъине²н
/[wiʁine²n]/
0
|
йигъине²н
/[jiʁine²n]/
0
|
бигъине²н
/[biʁine²n]/
🔒
0
|
ригъине²н
/[riʁine²n]/
0
|
| Adverbial Past Negative |
вигъине²го
/[wiʁine²go]/
0
|
йигъине²го
/[jiʁine²go]/
0
|
бигъине²го
/[biʁine²go]/
0
|
ригъине²го
/[riʁine²go]/
0
|
| Adverbial General |
вигъине²го
/[wiʁine²go]/
0
|
йигъине²го
/[jiʁine²go]/
0
|
бигъине²го
/[biʁine²go]/
0
|
ригъине²го
/[riʁine²go]/
0
|
| Adverbial General Negative |
вигъине²рого
/[wiʁine²rogo]/
0
|
йигъине²рого
/[jiʁine²rogo]/
0
|
бигъине²рого
/[biʁine²rogo]/
0
|
ригъине²рого
/[riʁine²rogo]/
0
|
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
вигъине²
/[wiʁine²]/
0
|
йигъине²
/[jiʁine²]/
0
|
бигъине²
/[biʁine²]/
0
|
ригъине²
/[riʁine²]/
0
|
| Infinitive |
вигъине²
/[wiʁine²]/
0
|
йигъине²
/[jiʁine²]/
0
|
бигъине²
/[biʁine²]/
0
|
ригъине²
/[riʁine²]/
0
|
| Causative |
—
0
|
|||
| Causative Negative |
—
0
|
|||
| Durative |
—
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
—
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
—
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
—
0
|
|||