Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
заставлять колоть; отгонять, отогнать; отвязываться от кого-л.
English
to make someone chop; to drive away; to get rid of someone
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Class-based
Yes
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 5
ASCII: bich'izabize
Source Verb
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Causative
Class-based
Yes
System Information
Database ID
286062
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2026-04-24 11:45
Attestation Count
7
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[wit͡ʃʼizawulew wugo]/ |
/[jit͡ʃʼizajulej jigo]/ |
/[bit͡ʃʼizabuleb bugo]/ |
/[rit͡ʃʼizarulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[wit͡ʃʼizawulew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[jit͡ʃʼizajulej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[bit͡ʃʼizabuleb het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[rit͡ʃʼizarulel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
вичӀизавуна
/[wit͡ʃʼizawuna]/
0
|
йичӀизайуна
/[jit͡ʃʼizajuna]/
0
|
бичӀизабуна
/[bit͡ʃʼizabuna]/
🔒
19
|
ричӀизаруна
/[rit͡ʃʼizaruna]/
0
|
| Past Simple Negative |
вичӀизавичӀо
/[wit͡ʃʼizawit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
йичӀизайичӀо
/[jit͡ʃʼizajit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
бичӀизабичӀо
/[bit͡ʃʼizabit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
ричӀизаричӀо
/[rit͡ʃʼizarit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
| Future Simple |
вичӀизавила
/[wit͡ʃʼizawila]/
0
|
йичӀизайила
/[jit͡ʃʼizajila]/
0
|
бичӀизабила
/[bit͡ʃʼizabila]/
🔒
1
|
ричӀизарила
/[rit͡ʃʼizarila]/
0
|
| Future Simple Negative |
вичӀизавиларо
/[wit͡ʃʼizawilaro]/
0
|
йичӀизайиларо
/[jit͡ʃʼizajilaro]/
0
|
бичӀизабиларо
/[bit͡ʃʼizabilaro]/
0
|
ричӀизариларо
/[rit͡ʃʼizarilaro]/
0
|
| Constative |
вичӀизавула
/[wit͡ʃʼizawula]/
0
|
йичӀизайула
/[jit͡ʃʼizajula]/
0
|
бичӀизабула
/[bit͡ʃʼizabula]/
🔒
1
|
ричӀизарула
/[rit͡ʃʼizarula]/
0
|
| Constative Negative |
вичӀизавуларо
/[wit͡ʃʼizawularo]/
0
|
йичӀизайуларо
/[jit͡ʃʼizajularo]/
0
|
бичӀизабуларо
/[bit͡ʃʼizabularo]/
0
|
ричӀизаруларо
/[rit͡ʃʼizarularo]/
0
|
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
вичӀизавулаан
/[wit͡ʃʼizawulajan]/
0
|
йичӀизайулаан
/[jit͡ʃʼizajulajan]/
0
|
бичӀизабулаан
/[bit͡ʃʼizabulajan]/
0
|
ричӀизарулаан
/[rit͡ʃʼizarulajan]/
0
|
| Remote Past Negative |
вичӀизавулароан
/[wit͡ʃʼizawularojan]/
0
|
йичӀизайулароан
/[jit͡ʃʼizajularojan]/
0
|
бичӀизабулароан
/[bit͡ʃʼizabularojan]/
0
|
ричӀизарулароан
/[rit͡ʃʼizarularojan]/
0
|
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
вичӀизаве
/[wit͡ʃʼizawe]/
0
|
йичӀизайе
/[jit͡ʃʼizaje]/
0
|
бичӀизабе
/[bit͡ʃʼizabe]/
🔒
0
|
ричӀизаре
/[rit͡ʃʼizare]/
0
|
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
вичӀизавуге
/[wit͡ʃʼizawuge]/
0
|
йичӀизайуге
/[jit͡ʃʼizajuge]/
0
|
бичӀизабуге
/[bit͡ʃʼizabuge]/
0
|
ричӀизаруге
/[rit͡ʃʼizaruge]/
0
|
| Optative |
вичӀизавеги
/[wit͡ʃʼizawegi]/
0
|
йичӀизайеги
/[jit͡ʃʼizajegi]/
0
|
бичӀизабеги
/[bit͡ʃʼizabegi]/
0
|
ричӀизареги
/[rit͡ʃʼizaregi]/
0
|
| Prohibitive Optative |
вичӀизавугеги
/[wit͡ʃʼizawugegi]/
0
|
йичӀизайугеги
/[jit͡ʃʼizajugegi]/
0
|
бичӀизабугеги
/[bit͡ʃʼizabugegi]/
0
|
ричӀизаругеги
/[rit͡ʃʼizarugegi]/
0
|
| Hortative |
вичӀизавизин
/[wit͡ʃʼizawizin]/
0
|
йичӀизайизин
/[jit͡ʃʼizajizin]/
0
|
бичӀизабизин
/[bit͡ʃʼizabizin]/
0
|
ричӀизаризин
/[rit͡ʃʼizarizin]/
0
|
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
вичӀизавуни
/[wit͡ʃʼizawuni]/
0
|
йичӀизайуни
/[jit͡ʃʼizajuni]/
0
|
бичӀизабуни
/[bit͡ʃʼizabuni]/
🔒
1
|
ричӀизаруни
/[rit͡ʃʼizaruni]/
0
|
| Conditional Negative |
вичӀизавичӀони
/[wit͡ʃʼizawit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
йичӀизайичӀони
/[jit͡ʃʼizajit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
бичӀизабичӀони
/[bit͡ʃʼizabit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
ричӀизаричӀони
/[rit͡ʃʼizarit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
вичӀизавунищ
/[wit͡ʃʼizawuniʃː]/
0
|
йичӀизайунищ
/[jit͡ʃʼizajuniʃː]/
0
|
бичӀизабунищ
/[bit͡ʃʼizabuniʃː]/
0
|
ричӀизарунищ
/[rit͡ʃʼizaruniʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
вичӀизавичӀищ
/[wit͡ʃʼizawit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
йичӀизайичӀищ
/[jit͡ʃʼizajit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
бичӀизабичӀищ
/[bit͡ʃʼizabit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
ричӀизаричӀищ
/[rit͡ʃʼizarit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
вичӀизавулищ
/[wit͡ʃʼizawuliʃː]/
0
|
йичӀизайулищ
/[jit͡ʃʼizajuliʃː]/
0
|
бичӀизабулищ
/[bit͡ʃʼizabuliʃː]/
0
|
ричӀизарулищ
/[rit͡ʃʼizaruliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
вичӀизавуларищ
/[wit͡ʃʼizawulariʃː]/
0
|
йичӀизайуларищ
/[jit͡ʃʼizajulariʃː]/
0
|
бичӀизабуларищ
/[bit͡ʃʼizabulariʃː]/
0
|
ричӀизаруларищ
/[rit͡ʃʼizarulariʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
вичӀизавилищ
/[wit͡ʃʼizawiliʃː]/
0
|
йичӀизайилищ
/[jit͡ʃʼizajiliʃː]/
0
|
бичӀизабилищ
/[bit͡ʃʼizabiliʃː]/
0
|
ричӀизарилищ
/[rit͡ʃʼizariliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
вичӀизавиларищ
/[wit͡ʃʼizawilariʃː]/
0
|
йичӀизайиларищ
/[jit͡ʃʼizajilariʃː]/
0
|
бичӀизабиларищ
/[bit͡ʃʼizabilariʃː]/
0
|
ричӀизариларищ
/[rit͡ʃʼizarilariʃː]/
0
|
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
вичӀизавурав
/[wit͡ʃʼizawuraw]/
0
|
йичӀизайурай
/[jit͡ʃʼizajuraj]/
0
|
бичӀизабураб
/[bit͡ʃʼizaburab]/
0
|
ричӀизарурал
/[rit͡ʃʼizarural]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
вичӀизавичӀев
/[wit͡ʃʼizawit͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
йичӀизайичӀей
/[jit͡ʃʼizajit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
бичӀизабичӀеб
/[bit͡ʃʼizabit͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
ричӀизаричӀел
/[rit͡ʃʼizarit͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
вичӀизавулев
/[wit͡ʃʼizawulew]/
0
|
йичӀизайулей
/[jit͡ʃʼizajulej]/
0
|
бичӀизабулеб
/[bit͡ʃʼizabuleb]/
🔒
5
|
ричӀизарулел
/[rit͡ʃʼizarulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
вичӀизавуларев
/[wit͡ʃʼizawularew]/
0
|
йичӀизайуларей
/[jit͡ʃʼizajularej]/
0
|
бичӀизабулареб
/[bit͡ʃʼizabulareb]/
0
|
ричӀизаруларел
/[rit͡ʃʼizarularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
вичӀизавилев
/[wit͡ʃʼizawilew]/
0
|
йичӀизайилей
/[jit͡ʃʼizajilej]/
0
|
бичӀизабилеб
/[bit͡ʃʼizabileb]/
🔒
1
|
ричӀизарилел
/[rit͡ʃʼizarilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
вичӀизавиларев
/[wit͡ʃʼizawilarew]/
0
|
йичӀизайиларей
/[jit͡ʃʼizajilarej]/
0
|
бичӀизабилареб
/[bit͡ʃʼizabilareb]/
0
|
ричӀизариларел
/[rit͡ʃʼizarilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
вичӀизавизехъин
/[wit͡ʃʼizawizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
йичӀизайизехъин
/[jit͡ʃʼizajizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
бичӀизабизехъин
/[bit͡ʃʼizabizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
ричӀизаризехъин
/[rit͡ʃʼizarizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle Negative |
вичӀизавизехъинро
/[wit͡ʃʼizawizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
йичӀизайизехъинро
/[jit͡ʃʼizajizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
бичӀизабизехъинро
/[bit͡ʃʼizabizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
ричӀизаризехъинро
/[rit͡ʃʼizarizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
| Optative Participle |
вичӀизавеяв
/[wit͡ʃʼizawejaw]/
0
|
йичӀизайеяй
/[jit͡ʃʼizajejaj]/
0
|
бичӀизабеяб
/[bit͡ʃʼizabejab]/
0
|
ричӀизареял
/[rit͡ʃʼizarejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
вичӀизавурав
0
|
йичӀизайурай
0
|
бичӀизабураб
0
|
ричӀизарурал
0
|
| Ergative |
вичӀизавурас
0
|
йичӀизайуралъ
0
|
бичӀизабуралъ
0
|
ричӀизарураз
0
|
| Genitive |
вичӀизавурасул
0
|
йичӀизайуралъул
0
|
бичӀизабуралъул
0
|
ричӀизаруразул
0
|
| Dative |
вичӀизавурасе
0
|
йичӀизайуралъе
0
|
бичӀизабуралъе
0
|
ричӀизаруразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
вичӀизавурасда
0
|
йичӀизайуралъда
0
|
бичӀизабуралъда
0
|
ричӀизаруразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
вичӀизавурасде
0
|
йичӀизайуралъде
0
|
бичӀизабуралъде
0
|
ричӀизаруразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
вичӀизавурасдаса
0
|
йичӀизайуралъдаса
0
|
бичӀизабуралъдаса
0
|
ричӀизарураздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
вичӀизавурасдасан
0
|
йичӀизайуралъдасан
0
|
бичӀизабуралъдасан
0
|
ричӀизарураздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
вичӀизавурасухъ
0
|
йичӀизайуралъухъ
0
|
бичӀизабуралъухъ
0
|
ричӀизаруразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
вичӀизавурасухъе
0
|
йичӀизайуралъухъе
0
|
бичӀизабуралъухъе
0
|
ричӀизаруразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
вичӀизавурасухъа
0
|
йичӀизайуралъухъа
0
|
бичӀизабуралъухъа
0
|
ричӀизаруразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
вичӀизавурасухъан
0
|
йичӀизайуралъухъан
0
|
бичӀизабуралъухъан
0
|
ричӀизаруразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
вичӀизавурасулъ
0
|
йичӀизайуралъулъ
0
|
бичӀизабуралъулъ
0
|
ричӀизаруразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
вичӀизавурасулъе
0
|
йичӀизайуралъулъе
0
|
бичӀизабуралъулъе
0
|
ричӀизаруразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
вичӀизавурасулъа
0
|
йичӀизайуралъулъа
0
|
бичӀизабуралъулъа
0
|
ричӀизаруразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
вичӀизавурасулъан
0
|
йичӀизайуралъулъан
0
|
бичӀизабуралъулъан
0
|
ричӀизаруразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
вичӀизавурасукь
0
|
йичӀизайуралъукь
0
|
бичӀизабуралъукь
0
|
ричӀизаруразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
вичӀизавурасукье
0
|
йичӀизайуралъукье
0
|
бичӀизабуралъукье
0
|
ричӀизаруразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
вичӀизавурасукьа
0
|
йичӀизайуралъукьа
0
|
бичӀизабуралъукьа
0
|
ричӀизаруразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
вичӀизавурасукьан
0
|
йичӀизайуралъукьан
0
|
бичӀизабуралъукьан
0
|
ричӀизаруразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
вичӀизавун
/[wit͡ʃʼizawun]/
0
|
йичӀизайун
/[jit͡ʃʼizajun]/
0
|
бичӀизабун
/[bit͡ʃʼizabun]/
0
|
ричӀизарун
/[rit͡ʃʼizarun]/
0
|
| Adverbial Past |
вичӀизавун
/[wit͡ʃʼizawun]/
0
|
йичӀизайун
/[jit͡ʃʼizajun]/
0
|
бичӀизабун
/[bit͡ʃʼizabun]/
0
|
ричӀизарун
/[rit͡ʃʼizarun]/
0
|
| Adverbial Past Negative |
вичӀизавичӀого
/[wit͡ʃʼizawit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
йичӀизайичӀого
/[jit͡ʃʼizajit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
бичӀизабичӀого
/[bit͡ʃʼizabit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
ричӀизаричӀого
/[rit͡ʃʼizarit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
| Adverbial General |
вичӀизавулаго
/[wit͡ʃʼizawulago]/
0
|
йичӀизайулаго
/[jit͡ʃʼizajulago]/
0
|
бичӀизабулаго
/[bit͡ʃʼizabulago]/
0
|
ричӀизарулаго
/[rit͡ʃʼizarulago]/
0
|
| Adverbial General Negative |
вичӀизавуларого
/[wit͡ʃʼizawularogo]/
0
|
йичӀизайуларого
/[jit͡ʃʼizajularogo]/
0
|
бичӀизабуларого
/[bit͡ʃʼizabularogo]/
0
|
ричӀизаруларого
/[rit͡ʃʼizarularogo]/
0
|
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
вичӀизави
/[wit͡ʃʼizawi]/
0
|
йичӀизайи
/[jit͡ʃʼizaji]/
0
|
бичӀизаби
/[bit͡ʃʼizabi]/
🔒
1
|
ричӀизари
/[rit͡ʃʼizari]/
0
|
| Infinitive |
вичӀизавизе
/[wit͡ʃʼizawize]/
🔒
1
|
йичӀизайизе
/[jit͡ʃʼizajize]/
🔒
2
|
бичӀизабизе
/[bit͡ʃʼizabize]/
🔒
7
|
ричӀизаризе
/[rit͡ʃʼizarize]/
0
|
| Causative |
—
0
|
|||
| Causative Negative |
—
0
|
|||
| Durative |
вичӀизавиаризе
/[wit͡ʃʼizawijarize]/
0
|
йичӀизайиаризе
/[jit͡ʃʼizajijarize]/
0
|
бичӀизабиаризе
/[bit͡ʃʼizabijarize]/
0
|
ричӀизариаризе
/[rit͡ʃʼizarijarize]/
0
|
| Durative Negative |
вичӀизавиариларо
/[wit͡ʃʼizawijarilaro]/
0
|
йичӀизайиариларо
/[jit͡ʃʼizajijarilaro]/
0
|
бичӀизабиариларо
/[bit͡ʃʼizabijarilaro]/
0
|
ричӀизариариларо
/[rit͡ʃʼizarijarilaro]/
0
|
| Frequentative |
вичӀизав-вичӀизавизе
/[wit͡ʃʼizaw-wit͡ʃʼizawize]/
0
|
йичӀизай-йичӀизайизе
/[jit͡ʃʼizaj-jit͡ʃʼizajize]/
0
|
бичӀизаб-бичӀизабизе
/[bit͡ʃʼizab-bit͡ʃʼizabize]/
0
|
ричӀизар-ричӀизаризе
/[rit͡ʃʼizar-rit͡ʃʼizarize]/
0
|
| Frequentative Negative |
вичӀизаб-вичӀизавиларо
/[wit͡ʃʼizab-wit͡ʃʼizawilaro]/
0
|
йичӀизаб-йичӀизайиларо
/[jit͡ʃʼizab-jit͡ʃʼizajilaro]/
0
|
бичӀизаб-бичӀизабиларо
/[bit͡ʃʼizab-bit͡ʃʼizabilaro]/
0
|
ричӀизаб-ричӀизариларо
/[rit͡ʃʼizab-rit͡ʃʼizarilaro]/
0
|