Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
становиться, стать тёмно-серым
English
to turn dark-grey
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 5
ASCII: bets'ts'ahhillhize
Transitivity
Intransitive
Aspect
Inchoative
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
7628
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2026-04-21 14:23
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬulew wugo]/ |
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬulej jigo]/ |
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬuleb bugo]/ |
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬulew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬulej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬuleb het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬulel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъана
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъичӀо
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬit͡ʃʼo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъила
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъиларо
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъула
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬula]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъуларо
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъулаан
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъулароан
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъе
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬe]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъуге
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъеги
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъугеги
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъизин
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъани
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъичӀони
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬit͡ʃʼoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъанищ
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъичӀищ
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬit͡ʃʼiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъулищ
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъуларищ
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъилищ
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъиларищ
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарав
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬaraw]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарай
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬaraj]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъараб
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬarab]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарал
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъичӀев
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬit͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъичӀей
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъичӀеб
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬit͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъичӀел
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬit͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъулев
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬulew]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъулей
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬulej]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъулеб
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬuleb]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъулел
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъуларев
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬularew]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъуларей
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬularej]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъулареб
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬulareb]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъуларел
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъилев
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬilew]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъилей
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬilej]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъилеб
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬileb]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъилел
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъиларев
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬilarew]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъиларей
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬilarej]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъилареб
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬilareb]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъиларел
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъизехъин
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъизехъинро
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъеяв
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬejaw]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъеяй
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬejaj]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъеяб
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬejab]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъеял
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарав
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарай
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъараб
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарал
0
|
| Ergative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарас
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъ
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъ
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасул
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъул
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъул
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасе
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъе
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъе
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасда
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъда
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъда
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасде
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъде
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъде
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасдаса
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъдаса
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъдаса
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасдасан
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъдасан
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъдасан
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасухъ
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъухъ
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъухъ
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасухъе
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъухъе
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъухъе
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасухъа
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъухъа
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъухъа
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасухъан
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъухъан
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъухъан
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасулъ
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъулъ
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъулъ
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасулъе
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъулъе
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъулъе
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасулъа
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъулъа
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъулъа
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасулъан
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъулъан
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъулъан
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасукь
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъукь
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъукь
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасукье
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъукье
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъукье
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасукьа
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъукьа
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъукьа
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъарасукьан
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъукьан
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаралъукьан
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъун
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъун
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъичӀого
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬit͡ʃʼogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъулаго
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъуларого
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъи
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬi]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъизе
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬize]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъизавизе
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬizawize]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъизайизе
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬizajize]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъизабизе
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬizabize]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъизаризе
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъизавуларо
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬizawularo]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъизайуларо
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬizajularo]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъизабуларо
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬizabularo]/
0
|
бецӀцӀахӀиллъизаруларо
/[bet͡sʼːaħilɬizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъиаризе
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъиариларо
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъ-бецӀцӀахӀиллъизе
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬ-bet͡sʼːaħilɬize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
бецӀцӀахӀиллъ-бецӀцӀахӀиллъиларо
[bet͡sʼːaħilɬ-bet͡sʼːaħilɬilaro]
0
|
|||