Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
бежать
избегать
удрать
убежать
English
run
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: lhutize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
169894
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
75
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
лъутана
[ɬutana]
🔒
47
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
лъутичӀо
[ɬutit͡ʃˀo]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Future Simple |
лъутила
[ɬutila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
лъутиларо
[ɬutilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
лъутула
[ɬutula]
🔒
13
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
лъутуларо
[ɬutularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
лъутулаан
[ɬutulajan]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
лъутулароан
[ɬutularojan]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
лъуте
[ɬute]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
лъутуге
[ɬutuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
лъутеги
[ɬutegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
лъутугеги
[ɬutugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
лъутизин
[ɬutizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
лъутани
[ɬutani]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
лъутичӀони
[ɬutit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
лъутанищ
[ɬutaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъутичӀищ
[ɬutit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
лъутулищ
[ɬutuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъутуларищ
[ɬutulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
лъутилищ
[ɬutiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъутиларищ
[ɬutilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
лъутарав
/[ɬutaraw]/
🔒
7
|
лъутарай
/[ɬutaraj]/
🔒
0
|
лъутараб
/[ɬutarab]/
🔒
4
|
лъутарал
/[ɬutaral]/
🔒
10
|
| Past Participle Negative |
лъутичӀев
/[ɬutit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
лъутичӀей
/[ɬutit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
лъутичӀеб
/[ɬutit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
лъутичӀел
/[ɬutit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
лъутулев
/[ɬutulew]/
🔒
4
|
лъутулей
/[ɬutulej]/
🔒
0
|
лъутулеб
/[ɬutuleb]/
🔒
5
|
лъутулел
/[ɬutulel]/
🔒
14
|
| Present Participle Negative |
лъутуларев
/[ɬutularew]/
🔒
1
|
лъутуларей
/[ɬutularej]/
0
|
лъутулареб
/[ɬutulareb]/
0
|
лъутуларел
/[ɬutularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
лъутилев
/[ɬutilew]/
🔒
1
|
лъутилей
/[ɬutilej]/
0
|
лъутилеб
/[ɬutileb]/
0
|
лъутилел
/[ɬutilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
лъутиларев
/[ɬutilarew]/
0
|
лъутиларей
/[ɬutilarej]/
0
|
лъутилареб
/[ɬutilareb]/
0
|
лъутиларел
/[ɬutilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
лъутизехъин
[ɬutizeq͡χːin]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
лъутизехъинро
[ɬutizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
лъутеяв
/[ɬutejaw]/
0
|
лъутеяй
/[ɬutejaj]/
0
|
лъутеяб
/[ɬutejab]/
0
|
лъутеял
/[ɬutejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
лъутарав
7
|
лъутарай
0
|
лъутараб
4
|
лъутарал
10
|
| Ergative |
лъутарас
0
|
лъутаралъ
0
|
лъутаралъ
0
|
лъутараз
0
|
| Genitive |
лъутарасул
0
|
лъутаралъул
0
|
лъутаралъул
0
|
лъутаразул
2
|
| Dative |
лъутарасе
0
|
лъутаралъе
0
|
лъутаралъе
0
|
лъутаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
лъутарасда
0
|
лъутаралъда
0
|
лъутаралъда
0
|
лъутаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
лъутарасде
0
|
лъутаралъде
0
|
лъутаралъде
0
|
лъутаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
лъутарасдаса
0
|
лъутаралъдаса
0
|
лъутаралъдаса
0
|
лъутараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
лъутарасдасан
0
|
лъутаралъдасан
0
|
лъутаралъдасан
0
|
лъутараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
лъутарасухъ
0
|
лъутаралъухъ
0
|
лъутаралъухъ
0
|
лъутаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
лъутарасухъе
0
|
лъутаралъухъе
0
|
лъутаралъухъе
0
|
лъутаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
лъутарасухъа
0
|
лъутаралъухъа
0
|
лъутаралъухъа
0
|
лъутаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
лъутарасухъан
0
|
лъутаралъухъан
0
|
лъутаралъухъан
0
|
лъутаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
лъутарасулъ
0
|
лъутаралъулъ
0
|
лъутаралъулъ
0
|
лъутаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
лъутарасулъе
0
|
лъутаралъулъе
0
|
лъутаралъулъе
0
|
лъутаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
лъутарасулъа
0
|
лъутаралъулъа
0
|
лъутаралъулъа
0
|
лъутаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
лъутарасулъан
0
|
лъутаралъулъан
0
|
лъутаралъулъан
0
|
лъутаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
лъутарасукь
0
|
лъутаралъукь
0
|
лъутаралъукь
0
|
лъутаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
лъутарасукье
0
|
лъутаралъукье
0
|
лъутаралъукье
0
|
лъутаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
лъутарасукьа
0
|
лъутаралъукьа
0
|
лъутаралъукьа
0
|
лъутаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
лъутарасукьан
0
|
лъутаралъукьан
0
|
лъутаралъукьан
0
|
лъутаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
лъутун
[ɬutun]
🔒
196
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
лъутун
[ɬutun]
🔒
196
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
лъутичӀого
[ɬutit͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
лъутулаго
[ɬutulago]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
лъутуларого
[ɬutularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
лъути
[ɬuti]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Infinitive |
лъутизе
[t͡ɬːutize]
🔒
75
|
|||
| Causative |
лъутизавизе
/[ɬutizawize]/
🔒
0
|
лъутизайизе
/[ɬutizajize]/
🔒
0
|
лъутизабизе
/[ɬutizabize]/
🔒
1
|
лъутизаризе
/[ɬutizarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
лъутизавуларо
/[ɬutizawularo]/
0
|
лъутизайуларо
/[ɬutizajularo]/
0
|
лъутизабуларо
/[ɬutizabularo]/
0
|
лъутизаруларо
/[ɬutizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
лъутиаризе
[ɬutijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
лъутиариларо
[ɬutijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
лъут-лъутизе
[ɬut-ɬutize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
лъут-лъутиларо
[ɬut-ɬutilaro]
0
|
|||