Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
бежать
убежать
удрать
English
run
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: tʼurize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
169895
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
20
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
тӀурана
[tˀurana]
🔒
36
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
тӀуричӀо
[tˀurit͡ʃˀo]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Future Simple |
тӀурила
[tˀurila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
тӀуриларо
[tˀurilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
тӀурула
[tˀurula]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
тӀуруларо
[tˀurularo]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
тӀурулаан
[tʼurulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
тӀурулароан
[tʼurularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
тӀуре
[tˀure]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
тӀуруге
[tˀuruge]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Optative |
тӀуреги
[tʼuregi]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
тӀуругеги
[tˀurugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
тӀуризин
[tˀurizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
тӀурани
[tˀurani]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
тӀуричӀони
[tˀurit͡ʃˀoni]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
тӀуранищ
[tˀuraniʃː]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀуричӀищ
[tˀurit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀурулищ
[tˀuruliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀуруларищ
[tˀurulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
тӀурилищ
[tˀuriliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀуриларищ
[tˀurilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
тӀурарав
/[tˀuraraw]/
🔒
0
|
тӀурарай
/[tˀuraraj]/
🔒
2
|
тӀурараб
/[tˀurarab]/
🔒
8
|
тӀурарал
/[tˀuraral]/
🔒
27
|
| Past Participle Negative |
тӀуричӀев
/[tˀurit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
тӀуричӀей
/[tˀurit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
тӀуричӀеб
/[tˀurit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
тӀуричӀел
/[tˀurit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
тӀурулев
/[tˀurulew]/
🔒
1
|
тӀурулей
/[tˀurulej]/
🔒
1
|
тӀурулеб
/[tˀuruleb]/
🔒
2
|
тӀурулел
/[tˀurulel]/
🔒
8
|
| Present Participle Negative |
тӀуруларев
/[tˀurularew]/
0
|
тӀуруларей
/[tˀurularej]/
0
|
тӀурулареб
/[tˀurulareb]/
0
|
тӀуруларел
/[tˀurularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
тӀурилев
/[tˀurilew]/
🔒
1
|
тӀурилей
/[tˀurilej]/
0
|
тӀурилеб
/[tˀurileb]/
0
|
тӀурилел
/[tˀurilel]/
🔒
1
|
| Future Participle Negative |
тӀуриларев
/[tˀurilarew]/
0
|
тӀуриларей
/[tˀurilarej]/
0
|
тӀурилареб
/[tˀurilareb]/
0
|
тӀуриларел
/[tˀurilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
тӀуризехъин
[tˀurizeq͡χːin]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
тӀуризехъинро
[tˀurizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
тӀуреяв
/[tˀurejaw]/
0
|
тӀуреяй
/[tˀurejaj]/
0
|
тӀуреяб
/[tˀurejab]/
0
|
тӀуреял
/[tʼurejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
тӀурарав
0
|
тӀурарай
2
|
тӀурараб
8
|
тӀурарал
27
|
| Ergative |
тӀурарас
0
|
тӀураралъ
0
|
тӀураралъ
0
|
тӀурараз
0
|
| Genitive |
тӀурарасул
0
|
тӀураралъул
0
|
тӀураралъул
0
|
тӀураразул
0
|
| Dative |
тӀурарасе
0
|
тӀураралъе
0
|
тӀураралъе
0
|
тӀураразе
1
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
тӀурарасда
0
|
тӀураралъда
0
|
тӀураралъда
0
|
тӀураразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
тӀурарасде
0
|
тӀураралъде
0
|
тӀураралъде
0
|
тӀураразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
тӀурарасдаса
0
|
тӀураралъдаса
0
|
тӀураралъдаса
0
|
тӀурараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
тӀурарасдасан
0
|
тӀураралъдасан
0
|
тӀураралъдасан
0
|
тӀурараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
тӀурарасухъ
0
|
тӀураралъухъ
0
|
тӀураралъухъ
0
|
тӀураразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
тӀурарасухъе
0
|
тӀураралъухъе
0
|
тӀураралъухъе
0
|
тӀураразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
тӀурарасухъа
0
|
тӀураралъухъа
0
|
тӀураралъухъа
0
|
тӀураразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
тӀурарасухъан
0
|
тӀураралъухъан
0
|
тӀураралъухъан
0
|
тӀураразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
тӀурарасулъ
0
|
тӀураралъулъ
0
|
тӀураралъулъ
0
|
тӀураразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
тӀурарасулъе
0
|
тӀураралъулъе
0
|
тӀураралъулъе
0
|
тӀураразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
тӀурарасулъа
0
|
тӀураралъулъа
0
|
тӀураралъулъа
0
|
тӀураразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
тӀурарасулъан
0
|
тӀураралъулъан
0
|
тӀураралъулъан
0
|
тӀураразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
тӀурарасукь
0
|
тӀураралъукь
0
|
тӀураралъукь
0
|
тӀураразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
тӀурарасукье
0
|
тӀураралъукье
0
|
тӀураралъукье
0
|
тӀураразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
тӀурарасукьа
0
|
тӀураралъукьа
0
|
тӀураралъукьа
0
|
тӀураразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
тӀурарасукьан
0
|
тӀураралъукьан
0
|
тӀураралъукьан
0
|
тӀураразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
тӀурун
[tʼurun]
🔒
108
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
тӀурун
[tˀurun]
🔒
108
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
тӀуричӀого
[tˀurit͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
тӀурулаго
[tˀurulago]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
тӀуруларого
[tˀurularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
тӀури
[tˀuri]
🔒
11
|
|||
| Infinitive |
тӀуризе
[tˀurize]
🔒
20
|
|||
| Causative |
тӀуризавизе
/[tʼurizawize]/
0
|
тӀуризайизе
/[tʼurizajize]/
0
|
тӀуризабизе
/[tˀurizabize]/
0
|
тӀуризаризе
/[tʼurizarize]/
🔒
2
|
| Causative Negative |
тӀуризавуларо
/[tʼurizawularo]/
0
|
тӀуризайуларо
/[tʼurizajularo]/
0
|
тӀуризабуларо
/[tˀurizabularo]/
0
|
тӀуризаруларо
/[tʼurizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
тӀуриаризе
[tˀurijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
тӀуриариларо
[tˀurijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
тӀур-тӀуризе
[tˀur-tˀurize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
тӀур-тӀуриларо
[tˀur-tˀurilaro]
0
|
|||