Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
вникнуть
воспринять
входить
выведать
дознаться
докопаться
изощриться
обнять
освоиться
отгадать
познать
постичь
предугадать
придумать
разгадать
разузнать
разуметь
раскусить
распознать
сообразить
угадать
уловить
учуять
читаться
чувствовать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: naqghuntʼize
Derivation Method
Preverb
Derived From
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
174102
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
4
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀulew wugo]/ |
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀulej jigo]/ |
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀuleb bugo]/ |
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
нахъгӀунтӀана
[naq͡χːʕuntˀana]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
нахъгӀунтӀичӀо
[naq͡χːʕuntˀit͡ʃˀo]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Future Simple |
нахъгӀунтӀила
[naq͡χːʕuntˀila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
нахъгӀунтӀиларо
[naq͡χːʕuntˀilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
нахъгӀунтӀула
[naq͡χːʕuntˀula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
нахъгӀунтӀуларо
[naq͡χːʕuntˀularo]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
нахъгӀунтӀулаан
[naq͡χːʕuntʼulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
нахъгӀунтӀулароан
[naq͡χːʕuntʼularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
нахъгӀунтӀе
[naq͡χːʕuntˀe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
нахъгӀунтӀуге
[naq͡χːʕuntˀuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
нахъгӀунтӀеги
[naq͡χːʕuntʼegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
нахъгӀунтӀугеги
[naq͡χːʕuntˀugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
нахъгӀунтӀизин
[naq͡χːʕuntˀizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
нахъгӀунтӀани
[naq͡χːʕuntˀani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
нахъгӀунтӀичӀони
[naq͡χːʕuntˀit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
нахъгӀунтӀанищ
[naq͡χːʕuntˀaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
нахъгӀунтӀичӀищ
[naq͡χːʕuntˀit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
нахъгӀунтӀулищ
[naq͡χːʕuntˀuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
нахъгӀунтӀуларищ
[naq͡χːʕuntˀulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
нахъгӀунтӀилищ
[naq͡χːʕuntˀiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
нахъгӀунтӀиларищ
[naq͡χːʕuntˀilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
нахъгӀунтӀарав
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀaraw]/
🔒
3
|
нахъгӀунтӀарай
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀaraj]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀараб
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀarab]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀарал
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
нахъгӀунтӀичӀев
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀичӀей
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀичӀеб
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀичӀел
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
нахъгӀунтӀулев
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀulew]/
🔒
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀулей
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀulej]/
🔒
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀулеб
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀuleb]/
🔒
5
|
нахъгӀунтӀулел
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀulel]/
🔒
2
|
| Present Participle Negative |
нахъгӀунтӀуларев
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀularew]/
🔒
1
|
нахъгӀунтӀуларей
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀularej]/
🔒
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀулареб
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀulareb]/
🔒
3
|
нахъгӀунтӀуларел
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀularel]/
🔒
4
|
| Future Participle |
нахъгӀунтӀилев
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀilew]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀилей
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀilej]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀилеб
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀileb]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀилел
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
нахъгӀунтӀиларев
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀilarew]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀиларей
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀilarej]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀилареб
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀilareb]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀиларел
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
нахъгӀунтӀизехъин
[naq͡χːʕuntˀizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
нахъгӀунтӀизехъинро
[naq͡χːʕuntˀizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
нахъгӀунтӀеяв
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀejaw]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀеяй
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀejaj]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀеяб
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀejab]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀеял
/[naq͡χːʕuntʼejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
нахъгӀунтӀарав
3
|
нахъгӀунтӀарай
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀараб
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀарал
0
|
| Ergative |
нахъгӀунтӀарас
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъ
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъ
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
нахъгӀунтӀарасул
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъул
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъул
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
нахъгӀунтӀарасе
1
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъе
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъе
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасда
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъда
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъда
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасде
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъде
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъде
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасдаса
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъдаса
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъдаса
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасдасан
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъдасан
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъдасан
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасухъ
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъухъ
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъухъ
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасухъе
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъухъе
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъухъе
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасухъа
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъухъа
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъухъа
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасухъан
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъухъан
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъухъан
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасулъ
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъулъ
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъулъ
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасулъе
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъулъе
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъулъе
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасулъа
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъулъа
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъулъа
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасулъан
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъулъан
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъулъан
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасукь
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъукь
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъукь
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасукье
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъукье
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъукье
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасукьа
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъукьа
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъукьа
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
нахъгӀунтӀарасукьан
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъукьан
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаралъукьан
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
нахъгӀунтӀун
[naq͡χːʕuntʼun]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
нахъгӀунтӀун
[naq͡χːʕuntˀun]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
нахъгӀунтӀичӀого
[naq͡χːʕuntˀit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
нахъгӀунтӀулаго
[naq͡χːʕuntˀulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
нахъгӀунтӀуларого
[naq͡χːʕuntˀularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
нахъгӀунтӀи
[naq͡χːʕuntˀi]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Infinitive |
нахъгӀунтӀизе
[naq͡χːʕuntˀize]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Causative |
нахъгӀунтӀизавизе
/[naq͡χːʕuntʼizawize]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀизайизе
/[naq͡χːʕuntʼizajize]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀизабизе
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀizabize]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀизаризе
/[naq͡χːʕuntʼizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
нахъгӀунтӀизавуларо
/[naq͡χːʕuntʼizawularo]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀизайуларо
/[naq͡χːʕuntʼizajularo]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀизабуларо
/[naq͡χːʕuntˀizabularo]/
0
|
нахъгӀунтӀизаруларо
/[naq͡χːʕuntʼizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
нахъгӀунтӀиаризе
[naq͡χːʕuntˀijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
нахъгӀунтӀиариларо
[naq͡χːʕuntˀijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
нахъгӀунтӀ-нахъгӀунтӀизе
[naq͡χːʕuntˀ-naq͡χːʕuntˀize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
нахъгӀунтӀ-нахъгӀунтӀиларо
[naq͡χːʕuntˀ-naq͡χːʕuntˀilaro]
0
|
|||