Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
замешкаться
запоздать
мешкать
опоздать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CCV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: kvatʼize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
183007
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
24
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
кватӀана
[kʰwatˀana]
🔒
27
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
кватӀичӀо
[kʰwatˀit͡ʃˀo]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Future Simple |
кватӀила
[kʰwatˀila]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
кватӀиларо
[kʰwatˀilaro]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Constative |
кватӀула
[kʰwatˀula]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
кватӀуларо
[kʰwatˀularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
кватӀулаан
[kʰwatʼulajan]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
кватӀулароан
[kʰwatʼularojan]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
кватӀе
[kʰwatˀe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
кватӀуге
[kʰwatˀuge]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Optative |
кватӀеги
[kʰwatʼegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
кватӀугеги
[kʰwatˀugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
кватӀизин
[kʰwatˀizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
кватӀани
[kʰwatˀani]
🔒
19
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
кватӀичӀони
[kʰwatˀit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
кватӀанищ
[kʰwatˀaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
кватӀичӀищ
[kʰwatˀit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
кватӀулищ
[kʰwatˀuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
кватӀуларищ
[kʰwatˀulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
кватӀилищ
[kʰwatˀiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
кватӀиларищ
[kʰwatˀilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
кватӀарав
/[kʰwatˀaraw]/
🔒
8
|
кватӀарай
/[kʰwatˀaraj]/
🔒
0
|
кватӀараб
/[kʰwatˀarab]/
🔒
62
|
кватӀарал
/[kʰwatˀaral]/
🔒
3
|
| Past Participle Negative |
кватӀичӀев
/[kʰwatˀit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
кватӀичӀей
/[kʰwatˀit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
кватӀичӀеб
/[kʰwatˀit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
кватӀичӀел
/[kʰwatˀit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
кватӀулев
/[kʰwatˀulew]/
🔒
10
|
кватӀулей
/[kʰwatˀulej]/
🔒
0
|
кватӀулеб
/[kʰwatˀuleb]/
🔒
10
|
кватӀулел
/[kʰwatˀulel]/
🔒
13
|
| Present Participle Negative |
кватӀуларев
/[kʰwatˀularew]/
🔒
0
|
кватӀуларей
/[kʰwatˀularej]/
🔒
0
|
кватӀулареб
/[kʰwatˀulareb]/
🔒
2
|
кватӀуларел
/[kʰwatˀularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
кватӀилев
/[kʰwatˀilew]/
0
|
кватӀилей
/[kʰwatˀilej]/
0
|
кватӀилеб
/[kʰwatˀileb]/
0
|
кватӀилел
/[kʰwatˀilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
кватӀиларев
/[kʰwatˀilarew]/
0
|
кватӀиларей
/[kʰwatˀilarej]/
0
|
кватӀилареб
/[kʰwatˀilareb]/
0
|
кватӀиларел
/[kʰwatˀilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
кватӀизехъин
[kʰwatˀizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
кватӀизехъинро
[kʰwatˀizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
кватӀеяв
/[kʰwatˀejaw]/
0
|
кватӀеяй
/[kʰwatˀejaj]/
0
|
кватӀеяб
/[kʰwatˀejab]/
0
|
кватӀеял
/[kʰwatʼejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
кватӀарав
8
|
кватӀарай
0
|
кватӀараб
62
|
кватӀарал
3
|
| Ergative |
кватӀарас
0
|
кватӀаралъ
0
|
кватӀаралъ
0
|
кватӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
кватӀарасул
0
|
кватӀаралъул
0
|
кватӀаралъул
0
|
кватӀаразул
2
|
| Dative |
кватӀарасе
0
|
кватӀаралъе
0
|
кватӀаралъе
0
|
кватӀаразе
1
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
кватӀарасда
0
|
кватӀаралъда
0
|
кватӀаралъда
0
|
кватӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
кватӀарасде
0
|
кватӀаралъде
0
|
кватӀаралъде
0
|
кватӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
кватӀарасдаса
0
|
кватӀаралъдаса
0
|
кватӀаралъдаса
0
|
кватӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
кватӀарасдасан
0
|
кватӀаралъдасан
0
|
кватӀаралъдасан
0
|
кватӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
кватӀарасухъ
0
|
кватӀаралъухъ
3
|
кватӀаралъухъ
3
|
кватӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
кватӀарасухъе
0
|
кватӀаралъухъе
0
|
кватӀаралъухъе
0
|
кватӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
кватӀарасухъа
0
|
кватӀаралъухъа
0
|
кватӀаралъухъа
0
|
кватӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
кватӀарасухъан
0
|
кватӀаралъухъан
0
|
кватӀаралъухъан
0
|
кватӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
кватӀарасулъ
0
|
кватӀаралъулъ
0
|
кватӀаралъулъ
0
|
кватӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
кватӀарасулъе
0
|
кватӀаралъулъе
0
|
кватӀаралъулъе
0
|
кватӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
кватӀарасулъа
0
|
кватӀаралъулъа
0
|
кватӀаралъулъа
0
|
кватӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
кватӀарасулъан
0
|
кватӀаралъулъан
0
|
кватӀаралъулъан
0
|
кватӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
кватӀарасукь
0
|
кватӀаралъукь
0
|
кватӀаралъукь
0
|
кватӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
кватӀарасукье
0
|
кватӀаралъукье
0
|
кватӀаралъукье
0
|
кватӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
кватӀарасукьа
0
|
кватӀаралъукьа
0
|
кватӀаралъукьа
0
|
кватӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
кватӀарасукьан
0
|
кватӀаралъукьан
0
|
кватӀаралъукьан
0
|
кватӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
кватӀун
[kʰwatʼun]
🔒
205
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
кватӀун
[kʰwatˀun]
🔒
205
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
кватӀичӀого
[kʰwatˀit͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
431
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
кватӀулаго
[kʰwatˀulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
кватӀуларого
[kʰwatˀularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
кватӀи
[kʰwatˀi]
🔒
15
|
|||
| Infinitive |
кватӀизе
[kʰwatˀize]
🔒
24
|
|||
| Causative |
кватӀизавизе
/[kʰwatʼizawize]/
🔒
0
|
кватӀизайизе
/[kʰwatʼizajize]/
🔒
0
|
кватӀизабизе
/[kʰwatˀizabize]/
🔒
3
|
кватӀизаризе
/[kʰwatʼizarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
кватӀизавуларо
/[kʰwatʼizawularo]/
0
|
кватӀизайуларо
/[kʰwatʼizajularo]/
0
|
кватӀизабуларо
/[kʰwatˀizabularo]/
0
|
кватӀизаруларо
/[kʰwatʼizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
кватӀиаризе
[kʰwatˀijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
кватӀиариларо
[kʰwatˀijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
кватӀ-кватӀизе
[kʰwatˀ-kʰwatˀize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
кватӀ-кватӀиларо
[kʰwatˀ-kʰwatˀilaro]
0
|
|||