Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
кручиниться
огорчиться
омрачиться
опечалиться
печалиться
мрачнеть
повесить
посетовать
потужить
приуныть
скорбеть
тужить
унывать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: pashmanlhize
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
189225
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
41
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[paʃmanɬulew wugo]/ |
/[paʃmanɬulej jigo]/ |
/[paʃmanɬuleb bugo]/ |
/[paʃmanɬulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[paʃmanɬulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[paʃmanɬulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[paʃmanɬuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[paʃmanɬulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
пашманлъана
[paʃmanɬana]
🔒
11
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
пашманлъичӀо
[paʃmanɬit͡ʃˀo]
🔒
9
|
|||
| Future Simple |
пашманлъила
[paʃmanɬila]
🔒
15
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
пашманлъиларо
[paʃmanɬilaro]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Constative |
пашманлъула
[paʃmanɬula]
🔒
16
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
пашманлъуларо
[paʃmanɬularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
пашманлъулаан
[paʃmanɬulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
пашманлъулароан
[paʃmanɬularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
пашманлъе
[paʃmanɬe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
пашманлъуге
[paʃmanɬuge]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Optative |
пашманлъеги
[paʃmanɬegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
пашманлъугеги
[paʃmanɬugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
пашманлъизин
[paʃmanɬizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
пашманлъани
[paʃmanɬani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
пашманлъичӀони
[paʃmanɬit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
пашманлъанищ
[paʃmanɬaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
пашманлъичӀищ
[paʃmanɬit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
пашманлъулищ
[paʃmanɬuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
пашманлъуларищ
[paʃmanɬulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
пашманлъилищ
[paʃmanɬiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
пашманлъиларищ
[paʃmanɬilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
пашманлъарав
/[paʃmanɬaraw]/
0
|
пашманлъарай
/[paʃmanɬaraj]/
0
|
пашманлъараб
/[paʃmanɬarab]/
🔒
4
|
пашманлъарал
/[paʃmanɬaral]/
🔒
3
|
| Past Participle Negative |
пашманлъичӀев
/[paʃmanɬit͡ʃˀew]/
🔒
2
|
пашманлъичӀей
/[paʃmanɬit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
пашманлъичӀеб
/[paʃmanɬit͡ʃˀeb]/
🔒
1
|
пашманлъичӀел
/[paʃmanɬit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
пашманлъулев
/[paʃmanɬulew]/
🔒
3
|
пашманлъулей
/[paʃmanɬulej]/
🔒
2
|
пашманлъулеб
/[paʃmanɬuleb]/
🔒
4
|
пашманлъулел
/[paʃmanɬulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
пашманлъуларев
/[paʃmanɬularew]/
0
|
пашманлъуларей
/[paʃmanɬularej]/
0
|
пашманлъулареб
/[paʃmanɬulareb]/
0
|
пашманлъуларел
/[paʃmanɬularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
пашманлъилев
/[paʃmanɬilew]/
0
|
пашманлъилей
/[paʃmanɬilej]/
0
|
пашманлъилеб
/[paʃmanɬileb]/
0
|
пашманлъилел
/[paʃmanɬilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
пашманлъиларев
/[paʃmanɬilarew]/
0
|
пашманлъиларей
/[paʃmanɬilarej]/
0
|
пашманлъилареб
/[paʃmanɬilareb]/
0
|
пашманлъиларел
/[paʃmanɬilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
пашманлъизехъин
[paʃmanɬizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
пашманлъизехъинро
[paʃmanɬizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
пашманлъеяв
/[paʃmanɬejaw]/
0
|
пашманлъеяй
/[paʃmanɬejaj]/
0
|
пашманлъеяб
/[paʃmanɬejab]/
0
|
пашманлъеял
/[paʃmanɬejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
пашманлъарав
0
|
пашманлъарай
0
|
пашманлъараб
4
|
пашманлъарал
3
|
| Ergative |
пашманлъарас
0
|
пашманлъаралъ
0
|
пашманлъаралъ
0
|
пашманлъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
пашманлъарасул
0
|
пашманлъаралъул
0
|
пашманлъаралъул
0
|
пашманлъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
пашманлъарасе
0
|
пашманлъаралъе
0
|
пашманлъаралъе
0
|
пашманлъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
пашманлъарасда
0
|
пашманлъаралъда
0
|
пашманлъаралъда
0
|
пашманлъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
пашманлъарасде
0
|
пашманлъаралъде
0
|
пашманлъаралъде
0
|
пашманлъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
пашманлъарасдаса
0
|
пашманлъаралъдаса
0
|
пашманлъаралъдаса
0
|
пашманлъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
пашманлъарасдасан
0
|
пашманлъаралъдасан
0
|
пашманлъаралъдасан
0
|
пашманлъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
пашманлъарасухъ
0
|
пашманлъаралъухъ
0
|
пашманлъаралъухъ
0
|
пашманлъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
пашманлъарасухъе
0
|
пашманлъаралъухъе
0
|
пашманлъаралъухъе
0
|
пашманлъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
пашманлъарасухъа
0
|
пашманлъаралъухъа
0
|
пашманлъаралъухъа
0
|
пашманлъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
пашманлъарасухъан
0
|
пашманлъаралъухъан
0
|
пашманлъаралъухъан
0
|
пашманлъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
пашманлъарасулъ
0
|
пашманлъаралъулъ
0
|
пашманлъаралъулъ
0
|
пашманлъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
пашманлъарасулъе
0
|
пашманлъаралъулъе
0
|
пашманлъаралъулъе
0
|
пашманлъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
пашманлъарасулъа
0
|
пашманлъаралъулъа
0
|
пашманлъаралъулъа
0
|
пашманлъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
пашманлъарасулъан
0
|
пашманлъаралъулъан
0
|
пашманлъаралъулъан
0
|
пашманлъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
пашманлъарасукь
0
|
пашманлъаралъукь
0
|
пашманлъаралъукь
0
|
пашманлъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
пашманлъарасукье
0
|
пашманлъаралъукье
0
|
пашманлъаралъукье
0
|
пашманлъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
пашманлъарасукьа
0
|
пашманлъаралъукьа
0
|
пашманлъаралъукьа
0
|
пашманлъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
пашманлъарасукьан
0
|
пашманлъаралъукьан
0
|
пашманлъаралъукьан
0
|
пашманлъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
пашманлъун
[paʃmanɬun]
🔒
28
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
пашманлъун
[paʃmanɬun]
🔒
28
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
пашманлъичӀого
[paʃmanɬit͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
пашманлъулаго
[paʃmanɬulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
пашманлъуларого
[paʃmanɬularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
пашманлъи
[paʃmanɬi]
🔒
135
|
|||
| Infinitive |
пашманлъизе
[paʃmanɬize]
🔒
41
|
|||
| Causative |
пашманлъизавизе
/[paʃmanɬizawize]/
0
|
пашманлъизайизе
/[paʃmanɬizajize]/
0
|
пашманлъизабизе
/[paʃmanɬizabize]/
0
|
пашманлъизаризе
/[paʃmanɬizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
пашманлъизавуларо
/[paʃmanɬizawularo]/
0
|
пашманлъизайуларо
/[paʃmanɬizajularo]/
0
|
пашманлъизабуларо
/[paʃmanɬizabularo]/
0
|
пашманлъизаруларо
/[paʃmanɬizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
пашманлъиаризе
[paʃmanɬijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
пашманлъиариларо
[paʃmanɬijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
пашманлъ-пашманлъизе
[paʃmanɬ-paʃmanɬize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
пашманлъ-пашманлъиларо
[paʃmanɬ-paʃmanɬilaro]
0
|
|||