Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
обвалять
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CCV.CCV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: ch'va-ch'vaze
Derivational Type
- Other derivation Not specified: from чӀвазе
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
197863
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalew wugo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalej jigo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwaleb bugo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwaleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
чӀва-чӀвана
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
чӀва-чӀвачӀо
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
чӀва-чӀвала
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwala]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
чӀва-чӀваларо
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
чӀва-чӀвала
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwala]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
чӀва-чӀваларо
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
чӀва-чӀвалаан
[t͡ʃʼwa-t͡ʃʼwalajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
чӀва-чӀвалароан
[t͡ʃʼwa-t͡ʃʼwalarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
чӀва-чӀва
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwa]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
чӀва-чӀваге
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwage]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
чӀва-чӀваги
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwagi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
чӀва-чӀвагеги
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwagegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
чӀва-чӀвазин
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwazin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
чӀва-чӀвани
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
чӀва-чӀвачӀони
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
чӀва-чӀванищ
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀва-чӀвачӀищ
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀва-чӀвалищ
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀва-чӀваларищ
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
чӀва-чӀвалищ
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀва-чӀваларищ
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
чӀва-чӀварав
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwaraw]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀварай
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwaraj]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвараб
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwarab]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀварал
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
чӀва-чӀвачӀев
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвачӀей
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвачӀеб
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвачӀел
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
чӀва-чӀвалев
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalew]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвалей
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalej]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвалеб
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwaleb]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвалел
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
чӀва-чӀваларев
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalarew]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀваларей
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalarej]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвалареб
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalareb]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀваларел
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
чӀва-чӀвалев
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalew]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвалей
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalej]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвалеб
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwaleb]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвалел
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
чӀва-чӀваларев
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalarew]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀваларей
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalarej]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвалареб
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalareb]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀваларел
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
чӀва-чӀвазехъин
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwazeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
чӀва-чӀвазехъинро
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwazeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
чӀва-чӀваяв
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwajaw]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀваяй
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwajaj]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀваяб
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwajab]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀваял
/[t͡ʃʼwa-t͡ʃʼwajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
чӀва-чӀварав
0
|
чӀва-чӀварай
0
|
чӀва-чӀвараб
0
|
чӀва-чӀварал
0
|
| Ergative |
чӀва-чӀварас
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъ
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъ
0
|
чӀва-чӀвараз
0
|
| Genitive |
чӀва-чӀварасул
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъул
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъул
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразул
0
|
| Dative |
чӀва-чӀварасе
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъе
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъе
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
чӀва-чӀварасда
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъда
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъда
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
чӀва-чӀварасде
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъде
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъде
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
чӀва-чӀварасдаса
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъдаса
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъдаса
0
|
чӀва-чӀвараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
чӀва-чӀварасдасан
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъдасан
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъдасан
0
|
чӀва-чӀвараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
чӀва-чӀварасухъ
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъухъ
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъухъ
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
чӀва-чӀварасухъе
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъухъе
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъухъе
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
чӀва-чӀварасухъа
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъухъа
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъухъа
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
чӀва-чӀварасухъан
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъухъан
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъухъан
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
чӀва-чӀварасулъ
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъулъ
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъулъ
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
чӀва-чӀварасулъе
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъулъе
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъулъе
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
чӀва-чӀварасулъа
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъулъа
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъулъа
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
чӀва-чӀварасулъан
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъулъан
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъулъан
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
чӀва-чӀварасукь
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъукь
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъукь
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
чӀва-чӀварасукье
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъукье
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъукье
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
чӀва-чӀварасукьа
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъукьа
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъукьа
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
чӀва-чӀварасукьан
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъукьан
0
|
чӀва-чӀваралъукьан
0
|
чӀва-чӀваразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
чӀва-чӀван
[t͡ʃʼwa-t͡ʃʼwan]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
чӀва-чӀван
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwan]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
чӀва-чӀвачӀого
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
чӀва-чӀвалаго
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
чӀва-чӀваларого
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
чӀва-чӀвай
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwaj]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
чӀва-чӀвазе
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwaze]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
чӀва-чӀвазавизе
/[t͡ʃʼwa-t͡ʃʼwazawize]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвазайизе
/[t͡ʃʼwa-t͡ʃʼwazajize]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвазабизе
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwazabize]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвазаризе
/[t͡ʃʼwa-t͡ʃʼwazarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
чӀва-чӀвазавуларо
/[t͡ʃʼwa-t͡ʃʼwazawularo]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвазайуларо
/[t͡ʃʼwa-t͡ʃʼwazajularo]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвазабуларо
/[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwazabularo]/
0
|
чӀва-чӀвазаруларо
/[t͡ʃʼwa-t͡ʃʼwazarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
чӀва-чӀвааризе
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwajarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
чӀва-чӀваариларо
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwajarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
чӀва-чӀва-чӀва-чӀвазе
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwaze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
чӀва-чӀва-чӀва-чӀваларо
[t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwa-t͡ʃˀwalaro]
0
|
|||