Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
огрубеть
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CCVC.CCV.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: gvagh-gvaghize
Derivational Type
- Other derivation Not specified: from гвагӀизе
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
199665
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕulew wugo]/ |
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕulej jigo]/ |
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕuleb bugo]/ |
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
гвагӀ-гвагӀана
[gwaʕ-gwaʕana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀичӀо
[gwaʕ-gwaʕit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
гвагӀ-гвагӀила
[gwaʕ-gwaʕila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀиларо
[gwaʕ-gwaʕilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀула
[gwaʕ-gwaʕula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀуларо
[gwaʕ-gwaʕularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
гвагӀ-гвагӀулаан
[gwaʕ-gwaʕulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀулароан
[gwaʕ-gwaʕularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀе
[gwaʕ-gwaʕe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
гвагӀ-гвагӀуге
[gwaʕ-gwaʕuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀеги
[gwaʕ-gwaʕegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀугеги
[gwaʕ-gwaʕugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀизин
[gwaʕ-gwaʕizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
гвагӀ-гвагӀани
[gwaʕ-gwaʕani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀичӀони
[gwaʕ-gwaʕit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀанищ
[gwaʕ-gwaʕaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀичӀищ
[gwaʕ-gwaʕit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀулищ
[gwaʕ-gwaʕuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀуларищ
[gwaʕ-gwaʕulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀилищ
[gwaʕ-gwaʕiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀиларищ
[gwaʕ-gwaʕilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарав
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕaraw]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀарай
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕaraj]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀараб
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕarab]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀарал
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀичӀев
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀичӀей
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀичӀеб
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀичӀел
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
гвагӀ-гвагӀулев
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕulew]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀулей
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕulej]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀулеб
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕuleb]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀулел
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀуларев
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕularew]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀуларей
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕularej]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀулареб
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕulareb]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀуларел
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
гвагӀ-гвагӀилев
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕilew]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀилей
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕilej]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀилеб
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕileb]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀилел
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀиларев
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕilarew]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀиларей
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕilarej]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀилареб
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕilareb]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀиларел
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
гвагӀ-гвагӀизехъин
[gwaʕ-gwaʕizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀизехъинро
[gwaʕ-gwaʕizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
гвагӀ-гвагӀеяв
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕejaw]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀеяй
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕejaj]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀеяб
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕejab]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀеял
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарав
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀарай
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀараб
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀарал
0
|
| Ergative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарас
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъ
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъ
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасул
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъул
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъул
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасе
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъе
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъе
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасда
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъда
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъда
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасде
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъде
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъде
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасдаса
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъдаса
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъдаса
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасдасан
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъдасан
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъдасан
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасухъ
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъухъ
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъухъ
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасухъе
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъухъе
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъухъе
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасухъа
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъухъа
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъухъа
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасухъан
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъухъан
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъухъан
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасулъ
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъулъ
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъулъ
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасулъе
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъулъе
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъулъе
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасулъа
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъулъа
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъулъа
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасулъан
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъулъан
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъулъан
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасукь
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъукь
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъукь
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасукье
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъукье
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъукье
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасукьа
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъукьа
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъукьа
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
гвагӀ-гвагӀарасукьан
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъукьан
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаралъукьан
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
гвагӀ-гвагӀун
[gwaʕ-gwaʕun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
гвагӀ-гвагӀун
[gwaʕ-gwaʕun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀичӀого
[gwaʕ-gwaʕit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
гвагӀ-гвагӀулаго
[gwaʕ-gwaʕulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀуларого
[gwaʕ-gwaʕularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
гвагӀ-гвагӀи
[gwaʕ-gwaʕi]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
гвагӀ-гвагӀизе
[gwaʕ-gwaʕize]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀизавизе
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕizawize]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀизайизе
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕizajize]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀизабизе
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕizabize]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀизаризе
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀизавуларо
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕizawularo]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀизайуларо
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕizajularo]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀизабуларо
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕizabularo]/
0
|
гвагӀ-гвагӀизаруларо
/[gwaʕ-gwaʕizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀиаризе
[gwaʕ-gwaʕijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀиариларо
[gwaʕ-gwaʕijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀ-гвагӀ-гвагӀизе
[gwaʕ-gwaʕ-gwaʕ-gwaʕize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
гвагӀ-гвагӀ-гвагӀ-гвагӀиларо
[gwaʕ-gwaʕ-gwaʕ-gwaʕilaro]
0
|
|||