Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
перегнуть
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CCV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: kʼich'vaze
Derivation Method
Prefix
Derived From
Derivation Suffix
кӀи-
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
203880
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalew wugo]/ |
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalej jigo]/ |
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwaleb bugo]/ |
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwaleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
кӀичӀвана
[kˀit͡ʃˀwana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
кӀичӀвачӀо
[kˀit͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
кӀичӀвала
[kˀit͡ʃˀwala]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
кӀичӀваларо
[kˀit͡ʃˀwalaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
кӀичӀвала
[kˀit͡ʃˀwala]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
кӀичӀваларо
[kˀit͡ʃˀwalaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
кӀичӀвалаан
[kʼit͡ʃʼwalajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
кӀичӀвалароан
[kʼit͡ʃʼwalarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
кӀичӀва
[kˀit͡ʃˀwa]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
кӀичӀваге
[kˀit͡ʃˀwage]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
кӀичӀваги
[kˀit͡ʃˀwagi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
кӀичӀвагеги
[kˀit͡ʃˀwagegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
кӀичӀвазин
[kˀit͡ʃˀwazin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
кӀичӀвани
[kˀit͡ʃˀwani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
кӀичӀвачӀони
[kˀit͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
кӀичӀванищ
[kˀit͡ʃˀwaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
кӀичӀвачӀищ
[kˀit͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
кӀичӀвалищ
[kˀit͡ʃˀwaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
кӀичӀваларищ
[kˀit͡ʃˀwalariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
кӀичӀвалищ
[kˀit͡ʃˀwaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
кӀичӀваларищ
[kˀit͡ʃˀwalariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
кӀичӀварав
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwaraw]/
🔒
1
|
кӀичӀварай
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwaraj]/
0
|
кӀичӀвараб
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwarab]/
🔒
1
|
кӀичӀварал
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
кӀичӀвачӀев
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
кӀичӀвачӀей
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
кӀичӀвачӀеб
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
кӀичӀвачӀел
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
кӀичӀвалев
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalew]/
0
|
кӀичӀвалей
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalej]/
0
|
кӀичӀвалеб
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwaleb]/
🔒
5
|
кӀичӀвалел
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
кӀичӀваларев
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalarew]/
0
|
кӀичӀваларей
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalarej]/
0
|
кӀичӀвалареб
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalareb]/
0
|
кӀичӀваларел
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
кӀичӀвалев
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalew]/
0
|
кӀичӀвалей
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalej]/
0
|
кӀичӀвалеб
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwaleb]/
🔒
5
|
кӀичӀвалел
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
кӀичӀваларев
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalarew]/
0
|
кӀичӀваларей
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalarej]/
0
|
кӀичӀвалареб
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalareb]/
0
|
кӀичӀваларел
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwalarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
кӀичӀвазехъин
[kˀit͡ʃˀwazeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
кӀичӀвазехъинро
[kˀit͡ʃˀwazeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
кӀичӀваяв
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwajaw]/
0
|
кӀичӀваяй
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwajaj]/
0
|
кӀичӀваяб
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwajab]/
0
|
кӀичӀваял
/[kʼit͡ʃʼwajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
кӀичӀварав
1
|
кӀичӀварай
0
|
кӀичӀвараб
1
|
кӀичӀварал
0
|
| Ergative |
кӀичӀварас
0
|
кӀичӀваралъ
0
|
кӀичӀваралъ
0
|
кӀичӀвараз
0
|
| Genitive |
кӀичӀварасул
0
|
кӀичӀваралъул
0
|
кӀичӀваралъул
0
|
кӀичӀваразул
0
|
| Dative |
кӀичӀварасе
0
|
кӀичӀваралъе
0
|
кӀичӀваралъе
0
|
кӀичӀваразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
кӀичӀварасда
0
|
кӀичӀваралъда
0
|
кӀичӀваралъда
0
|
кӀичӀваразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
кӀичӀварасде
0
|
кӀичӀваралъде
0
|
кӀичӀваралъде
0
|
кӀичӀваразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
кӀичӀварасдаса
0
|
кӀичӀваралъдаса
0
|
кӀичӀваралъдаса
0
|
кӀичӀвараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
кӀичӀварасдасан
0
|
кӀичӀваралъдасан
0
|
кӀичӀваралъдасан
0
|
кӀичӀвараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
кӀичӀварасухъ
0
|
кӀичӀваралъухъ
0
|
кӀичӀваралъухъ
0
|
кӀичӀваразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
кӀичӀварасухъе
0
|
кӀичӀваралъухъе
0
|
кӀичӀваралъухъе
0
|
кӀичӀваразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
кӀичӀварасухъа
0
|
кӀичӀваралъухъа
0
|
кӀичӀваралъухъа
0
|
кӀичӀваразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
кӀичӀварасухъан
0
|
кӀичӀваралъухъан
0
|
кӀичӀваралъухъан
0
|
кӀичӀваразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
кӀичӀварасулъ
0
|
кӀичӀваралъулъ
0
|
кӀичӀваралъулъ
0
|
кӀичӀваразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
кӀичӀварасулъе
0
|
кӀичӀваралъулъе
0
|
кӀичӀваралъулъе
0
|
кӀичӀваразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
кӀичӀварасулъа
0
|
кӀичӀваралъулъа
0
|
кӀичӀваралъулъа
0
|
кӀичӀваразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
кӀичӀварасулъан
0
|
кӀичӀваралъулъан
0
|
кӀичӀваралъулъан
0
|
кӀичӀваразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
кӀичӀварасукь
0
|
кӀичӀваралъукь
0
|
кӀичӀваралъукь
0
|
кӀичӀваразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
кӀичӀварасукье
0
|
кӀичӀваралъукье
0
|
кӀичӀваралъукье
0
|
кӀичӀваразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
кӀичӀварасукьа
0
|
кӀичӀваралъукьа
0
|
кӀичӀваралъукьа
0
|
кӀичӀваразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
кӀичӀварасукьан
0
|
кӀичӀваралъукьан
0
|
кӀичӀваралъукьан
0
|
кӀичӀваразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
кӀичӀван
[kʼit͡ʃʼwan]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
кӀичӀван
[kˀit͡ʃˀwan]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
кӀичӀвачӀого
[kˀit͡ʃˀwat͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
кӀичӀвалаго
[kˀit͡ʃˀwalago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
кӀичӀваларого
[kˀit͡ʃˀwalarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
кӀичӀвай
[kˀit͡ʃˀwaj]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
кӀичӀвазе
[kˀit͡ʃˀwaze]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
кӀичӀвазавизе
/[kʼit͡ʃʼwazawize]/
0
|
кӀичӀвазайизе
/[kʼit͡ʃʼwazajize]/
0
|
кӀичӀвазабизе
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwazabize]/
0
|
кӀичӀвазаризе
/[kʼit͡ʃʼwazarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
кӀичӀвазавуларо
/[kʼit͡ʃʼwazawularo]/
0
|
кӀичӀвазайуларо
/[kʼit͡ʃʼwazajularo]/
0
|
кӀичӀвазабуларо
/[kˀit͡ʃˀwazabularo]/
0
|
кӀичӀвазаруларо
/[kʼit͡ʃʼwazarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
кӀичӀвааризе
[kˀit͡ʃˀwajarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
кӀичӀваариларо
[kˀit͡ʃˀwajarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
кӀичӀва-кӀичӀвазе
[kˀit͡ʃˀwa-kˀit͡ʃˀwaze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
кӀичӀва-кӀичӀваларо
[kˀit͡ʃˀwa-kˀit͡ʃˀwalaro]
0
|
|||