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English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV
Syllables: 2
ASCII: teze
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
205251
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
1347
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
тана
[tana]
🔒
870
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
тачӀо
[tat͡ʃʼo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
тила
[tila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
тиларо
[tilaro]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Constative |
тола
[tola]
🔒
292
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
толаро
[tolaro]
🔒
242
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
толаан
[tolajan]
🔒
71
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
толароан
[tolarojan]
🔒
76
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
те
[te]
🔒
312
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
тоге
[toge]
🔒
133
|
|||
| Optative |
теги
[tegi]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
тогеги
[togegi]
🔒
14
|
|||
| Hortative |
тейзин
[tejzin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
тани
[tani]
🔒
194
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
тачӀони
[tat͡ʃʼoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
танищ
[taniʃː]
🔒
4
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тачӀищ
[tat͡ʃʼiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
толищ
[toliʃː]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
толарищ
[tolariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
тилищ
[tiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тиларищ
[tilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
турав
/[turaw]/
0
|
турай
/[turaj]/
0
|
тураб
/[turab]/
🔒
2
|
турал
/[tural]/
🔒
10
|
| Past Participle Negative |
тачӀев
/[tat͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
тачӀей
/[tat͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
тачӀеб
/[tat͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
тачӀел
/[tat͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
толев
/[tolew]/
🔒
97
|
толей
/[tolej]/
🔒
12
|
толеб
/[toleb]/
🔒
455
|
толел
/[tolel]/
🔒
190
|
| Present Participle Negative |
толарев
/[tolarew]/
🔒
40
|
толарей
/[tolarej]/
🔒
5
|
толареб
/[tolareb]/
🔒
68
|
толарел
/[tolarel]/
🔒
37
|
| Future Participle |
тилев
/[tilew]/
0
|
тилей
/[tilej]/
0
|
тилеб
/[tileb]/
0
|
тилел
/[tilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
тиларев
/[tilarew]/
0
|
тиларей
/[tilarej]/
0
|
тилареб
/[tilareb]/
0
|
тиларел
/[tilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
тезехъин
[tezeq͡χːin]
🔒
15
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
тезехъинро
[tezeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
теяв
/[tejaw]/
0
|
теяй
/[tejaj]/
0
|
теяб
/[tejab]/
🔒
1
|
теял
/[tejal]/
🔒
4
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
турав
0
|
турай
0
|
тураб
2
|
турал
10
|
| Ergative |
турас
0
|
туралъ
1
|
туралъ
1
|
тураз
0
|
| Genitive |
турасул
0
|
туралъул
20
|
туралъул
20
|
туразул
0
|
| Dative |
турасе
0
|
туралъе
0
|
туралъе
0
|
туразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
турасда
0
|
туралъда
0
|
туралъда
0
|
туразда
1
|
| Allative (-де) |
турасде
0
|
туралъде
0
|
туралъде
0
|
туразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
турасдаса
0
|
туралъдаса
0
|
туралъдаса
0
|
тураздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
турасдасан
0
|
туралъдасан
0
|
туралъдасан
0
|
тураздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
турасухъ
0
|
туралъухъ
0
|
туралъухъ
0
|
туразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
турасухъе
0
|
туралъухъе
0
|
туралъухъе
0
|
туразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
турасухъа
0
|
туралъухъа
0
|
туралъухъа
0
|
туразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
турасухъан
0
|
туралъухъан
0
|
туралъухъан
0
|
туразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
турасулъ
0
|
туралъулъ
0
|
туралъулъ
0
|
туразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
турасулъе
0
|
туралъулъе
0
|
туралъулъе
0
|
туразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
турасулъа
0
|
туралъулъа
0
|
туралъулъа
0
|
туразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
турасулъан
0
|
туралъулъан
0
|
туралъулъан
0
|
туразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
турасукь
0
|
туралъукь
0
|
туралъукь
0
|
туразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
турасукье
0
|
туралъукье
0
|
туралъукье
0
|
туразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
турасукьа
0
|
туралъукьа
0
|
туралъукьа
0
|
туразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
турасукьан
0
|
туралъукьан
0
|
туралъукьан
0
|
туразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
тон
[ton]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
тун
[tun]
🔒
2841
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
тачӀого
[tat͡ʃʼogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
толаго
[tolago]
🔒
18
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
толарого
[tolarogo]
🔒
25
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
тей
[tej]
🔒
184
|
|||
| Infinitive |
тезе
[teze]
🔒
1347
|
|||
| Causative |
тезавизе
/[tezawize]/
🔒
4
|
тезайизе
/[tezajize]/
🔒
0
|
тезабизе
/[tezabize]/
🔒
17
|
тезаризе
/[tezarize]/
🔒
1
|
| Causative Negative |
тезавуларо
/[tezawularo]/
0
|
тезайуларо
/[tezajularo]/
0
|
тезабуларо
/[tezabularo]/
0
|
тезаруларо
/[tezarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
тедаризе
[tedarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
тедариларо
[tedarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
те-тезе
[te-teze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
те-теларо
[te-telaro]
0
|
|||