Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
трусить
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: helize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
225009
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
1
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
гьелана
[helana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
гьеличӀо
[helit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
гьелила
[helila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
гьелиларо
[helilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
гьелула
[helula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
гьелуларо
[helularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
гьелулаан
[helulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
гьелулароан
[helularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
гьеле
[hele]
🔒
518
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
гьелуге
[heluge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
гьелеги
[helegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
гьелугеги
[helugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
гьелизин
[helizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
гьелани
[helani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
гьеличӀони
[helit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
гьеланищ
[helaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гьеличӀищ
[helit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
гьелулищ
[heluliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
гьелуларищ
[helulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
гьелилищ
[heliliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гьелиларищ
[helilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
гьеларав
/[helaraw]/
0
|
гьеларай
/[helaraj]/
0
|
гьелараб
/[helarab]/
0
|
гьеларал
/[helaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
гьеличӀев
/[helit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
гьеличӀей
/[helit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
гьеличӀеб
/[helit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
гьеличӀел
/[helit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
гьелулев
/[helulew]/
0
|
гьелулей
/[helulej]/
0
|
гьелулеб
/[heluleb]/
0
|
гьелулел
/[helulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
гьелуларев
/[helularew]/
0
|
гьелуларей
/[helularej]/
0
|
гьелулареб
/[helulareb]/
0
|
гьелуларел
/[helularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
гьелилев
/[helilew]/
0
|
гьелилей
/[helilej]/
0
|
гьелилеб
/[helileb]/
0
|
гьелилел
/[helilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
гьелиларев
/[helilarew]/
0
|
гьелиларей
/[helilarej]/
0
|
гьелилареб
/[helilareb]/
0
|
гьелиларел
/[helilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
гьелизехъин
[helizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
гьелизехъинро
[helizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
гьелеяв
/[helejaw]/
0
|
гьелеяй
/[helejaj]/
0
|
гьелеяб
/[helejab]/
0
|
гьелеял
/[helejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
гьеларав
0
|
гьеларай
0
|
гьелараб
0
|
гьеларал
0
|
| Ergative |
гьеларас
0
|
гьеларалъ
0
|
гьеларалъ
0
|
гьелараз
0
|
| Genitive |
гьеларасул
0
|
гьеларалъул
0
|
гьеларалъул
0
|
гьеларазул
0
|
| Dative |
гьеларасе
0
|
гьеларалъе
0
|
гьеларалъе
0
|
гьеларазе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
гьеларасда
0
|
гьеларалъда
0
|
гьеларалъда
0
|
гьеларазда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
гьеларасде
0
|
гьеларалъде
0
|
гьеларалъде
0
|
гьеларазде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
гьеларасдаса
0
|
гьеларалъдаса
0
|
гьеларалъдаса
0
|
гьелараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
гьеларасдасан
0
|
гьеларалъдасан
0
|
гьеларалъдасан
0
|
гьелараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
гьеларасухъ
0
|
гьеларалъухъ
0
|
гьеларалъухъ
0
|
гьеларазухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
гьеларасухъе
0
|
гьеларалъухъе
0
|
гьеларалъухъе
0
|
гьеларазухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
гьеларасухъа
0
|
гьеларалъухъа
0
|
гьеларалъухъа
0
|
гьеларазухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
гьеларасухъан
0
|
гьеларалъухъан
0
|
гьеларалъухъан
0
|
гьеларазухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
гьеларасулъ
0
|
гьеларалъулъ
0
|
гьеларалъулъ
0
|
гьеларазулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
гьеларасулъе
0
|
гьеларалъулъе
0
|
гьеларалъулъе
0
|
гьеларазулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
гьеларасулъа
0
|
гьеларалъулъа
0
|
гьеларалъулъа
0
|
гьеларазулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
гьеларасулъан
0
|
гьеларалъулъан
0
|
гьеларалъулъан
0
|
гьеларазулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
гьеларасукь
0
|
гьеларалъукь
0
|
гьеларалъукь
0
|
гьеларазукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
гьеларасукье
0
|
гьеларалъукье
0
|
гьеларалъукье
0
|
гьеларазукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
гьеларасукьа
0
|
гьеларалъукьа
0
|
гьеларалъукьа
0
|
гьеларазукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
гьеларасукьан
0
|
гьеларалъукьан
0
|
гьеларалъукьан
0
|
гьеларазукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
гьелун
[helun]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
гьелун
[helun]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
гьеличӀого
[helit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
гьелулаго
[helulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
гьелуларого
[helularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
гьели
[heli]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Infinitive |
гьелизе
[helize]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Causative |
гьелизавизе
/[helizawize]/
0
|
гьелизайизе
/[helizajize]/
0
|
гьелизабизе
/[helizabize]/
0
|
гьелизаризе
/[helizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
гьелизавуларо
/[helizawularo]/
0
|
гьелизайуларо
/[helizajularo]/
0
|
гьелизабуларо
/[helizabularo]/
0
|
гьелизаруларо
/[helizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
гьелиаризе
[helijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
гьелиариларо
[helijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
гьел-гьелизе
[hel-helize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
гьел-гьелиларо
[hel-helilaro]
0
|
|||