Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
улыбаться
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: himize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
226674
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
9
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
гьимана
[himana]
🔒
49
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
гьимичӀо
[himit͡ʃˀo]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Future Simple |
гьимила
[himila]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
гьимиларо
[himilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
гьимула
[himula]
🔒
6
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
гьимуларо
[himularo]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
гьимулаан
[himulajan]
🔒
8
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
гьимулароан
[himularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
гьиме
[hime]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
гьимуге
[himuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
гьимеги
[himegi]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
гьимугеги
[himugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
гьимизин
[himizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
гьимани
[himani]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
гьимичӀони
[himit͡ʃˀoni]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
гьиманищ
[himaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гьимичӀищ
[himit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
гьимулищ
[himuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
гьимуларищ
[himulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
гьимилищ
[himiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гьимиларищ
[himilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
гьимарав
/[himaraw]/
0
|
гьимарай
/[himaraj]/
0
|
гьимараб
/[himarab]/
0
|
гьимарал
/[himaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
гьимичӀев
/[himit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
гьимичӀей
/[himit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
гьимичӀеб
/[himit͡ʃˀeb]/
🔒
1
|
гьимичӀел
/[himit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
гьимулев
/[himulew]/
🔒
7
|
гьимулей
/[himulej]/
🔒
5
|
гьимулеб
/[himuleb]/
🔒
12
|
гьимулел
/[himulel]/
🔒
10
|
| Present Participle Negative |
гьимуларев
/[himularew]/
0
|
гьимуларей
/[himularej]/
0
|
гьимулареб
/[himulareb]/
0
|
гьимуларел
/[himularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
гьимилев
/[himilew]/
0
|
гьимилей
/[himilej]/
0
|
гьимилеб
/[himileb]/
0
|
гьимилел
/[himilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
гьимиларев
/[himilarew]/
0
|
гьимиларей
/[himilarej]/
0
|
гьимилареб
/[himilareb]/
0
|
гьимиларел
/[himilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
гьимизехъин
[himizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
гьимизехъинро
[himizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
гьимеяв
/[himejaw]/
0
|
гьимеяй
/[himejaj]/
0
|
гьимеяб
/[himejab]/
0
|
гьимеял
/[himejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
гьимарав
0
|
гьимарай
0
|
гьимараб
0
|
гьимарал
0
|
| Ergative |
гьимарас
0
|
гьимаралъ
0
|
гьимаралъ
0
|
гьимараз
0
|
| Genitive |
гьимарасул
0
|
гьимаралъул
0
|
гьимаралъул
0
|
гьимаразул
0
|
| Dative |
гьимарасе
0
|
гьимаралъе
0
|
гьимаралъе
0
|
гьимаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
гьимарасда
0
|
гьимаралъда
0
|
гьимаралъда
0
|
гьимаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
гьимарасде
0
|
гьимаралъде
0
|
гьимаралъде
0
|
гьимаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
гьимарасдаса
0
|
гьимаралъдаса
0
|
гьимаралъдаса
0
|
гьимараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
гьимарасдасан
0
|
гьимаралъдасан
0
|
гьимаралъдасан
0
|
гьимараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
гьимарасухъ
0
|
гьимаралъухъ
0
|
гьимаралъухъ
0
|
гьимаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
гьимарасухъе
0
|
гьимаралъухъе
0
|
гьимаралъухъе
0
|
гьимаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
гьимарасухъа
0
|
гьимаралъухъа
0
|
гьимаралъухъа
0
|
гьимаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
гьимарасухъан
0
|
гьимаралъухъан
0
|
гьимаралъухъан
0
|
гьимаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
гьимарасулъ
0
|
гьимаралъулъ
0
|
гьимаралъулъ
0
|
гьимаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
гьимарасулъе
0
|
гьимаралъулъе
0
|
гьимаралъулъе
0
|
гьимаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
гьимарасулъа
0
|
гьимаралъулъа
0
|
гьимаралъулъа
0
|
гьимаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
гьимарасулъан
0
|
гьимаралъулъан
0
|
гьимаралъулъан
0
|
гьимаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
гьимарасукь
0
|
гьимаралъукь
0
|
гьимаралъукь
0
|
гьимаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
гьимарасукье
0
|
гьимаралъукье
0
|
гьимаралъукье
0
|
гьимаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
гьимарасукьа
0
|
гьимаралъукьа
0
|
гьимаралъукьа
0
|
гьимаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
гьимарасукьан
0
|
гьимаралъукьан
0
|
гьимаралъукьан
0
|
гьимаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
гьимун
[himun]
🔒
62
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
гьимун
[himun]
🔒
62
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
гьимичӀого
[himit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
гьимулаго
[himulago]
🔒
35
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
гьимуларого
[himularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
гьими
[himi]
🔒
91
|
|||
| Infinitive |
гьимизе
[himize]
🔒
9
|
|||
| Causative |
гьимизавизе
/[himizawize]/
0
|
гьимизайизе
/[himizajize]/
0
|
гьимизабизе
/[himizabize]/
0
|
гьимизаризе
/[himizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
гьимизавуларо
/[himizawularo]/
0
|
гьимизайуларо
/[himizajularo]/
0
|
гьимизабуларо
/[himizabularo]/
0
|
гьимизаруларо
/[himizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
гьимиаризе
[himijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
гьимиариларо
[himijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
гьим-гьимизе
[him-himize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
гьим-гьимиларо
[him-himilaro]
0
|
|||