Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
черпать; 1) загребать, загрести, сгребать, сгрести что-л. чем-л. (в одно место) 2) черпать, вычерпывать что-л. чем-л.; зачерпнуть чего-л.; снять с чего-л. чем-л.
English
1) to rake or scrape (sth.) together into one place with (sth.) 2) to scoop or skim (sth.) off (sth.) with (sth.); to scoop up; to remove (e.g. fat) from (sth.) with (sth.)
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Class-based
Yes
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: bukhkhize
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Active
Class-based
Yes
Verb Class
Class III
System Information
Database ID
230221
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
5
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
вуххана
/[wuχːana]/
0
|
йуххана
/[juχːana]/
0
юххана
/[juχːana]/
0
|
буххана
/[buχːana]/
0
|
руххана
/[ruχːana]/
0
|
| Past Simple Negative |
вуххичӀо
/[wuχːit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
йуххичӀо
/[juχːit͡ʃʼo]/
0
юххичӀо
/[juχːit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
буххичӀо
/[buχːit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
руххичӀо
/[ruχːit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
| Future Simple |
вуххила
/[wuχːila]/
0
|
йуххила
/[juχːila]/
0
юххила
/[juχːila]/
0
|
буххила
/[buχːila]/
0
|
руххила
/[ruχːila]/
0
|
| Future Simple Negative |
вуххиларо
/[wuχːilaro]/
0
|
йуххиларо
/[juχːilaro]/
0
юххиларо
/[juχːilaro]/
0
|
буххиларо
/[buχːilaro]/
0
|
руххиларо
/[ruχːilaro]/
0
|
| Constative |
вуххула
/[wuχːula]/
0
|
йуххула
/[juχːula]/
0
юххула
/[juχːula]/
0
|
буххула
/[buχːula]/
🔒
0
|
руххула
/[ruχːula]/
0
|
| Constative Negative |
вуххуларо
/[wuχːularo]/
0
|
йуххуларо
/[juχːularo]/
0
юххуларо
/[juχːularo]/
0
|
буххуларо
/[buχːularo]/
0
|
руххуларо
/[ruχːularo]/
0
|
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
вуххулаан
/[wuχːulajan]/
0
|
йуххулаан
/[juχːulajan]/
0
юххулаан
/[juχːulaan]/
0
|
буххулаан
/[buχːulajan]/
0
|
руххулаан
/[ruχːulajan]/
0
|
| Remote Past Negative |
вуххулароан
/[wuχːularojan]/
0
|
йуххулароан
/[juχːularojan]/
0
юххулароан
/[juχːularoan]/
0
|
буххулароан
/[buχːularojan]/
0
|
руххулароан
/[ruχːularojan]/
0
|
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
вуххе
/[wuχːe]/
0
|
йуххе
/[juχːe]/
0
юххе
/[juχːe]/
0
|
буххе
/[buχːe]/
🔒
0
|
руххе
/[ruχːe]/
0
|
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
вуххуге
/[wuχːuge]/
0
|
йуххуге
/[juχːuge]/
0
юххуге
/[juχːuge]/
0
|
буххуге
/[buχːuge]/
0
|
руххуге
/[ruχːuge]/
0
|
| Optative |
вуххеги
/[wuχːegi]/
0
|
йуххеги
/[juχːegi]/
0
юххеги
/[juχːegi]/
0
|
буххеги
/[buχːegi]/
0
|
руххеги
/[ruχːegi]/
0
|
| Prohibitive Optative |
вуххугеги
/[wuχːugegi]/
0
|
йуххугеги
/[juχːugegi]/
0
юххугеги
/[juχːugegi]/
0
|
буххугеги
/[buχːugegi]/
0
|
руххугеги
/[ruχːugegi]/
0
|
| Hortative |
вуххизин
/[wuχːizin]/
0
|
йуххизин
/[juχːizin]/
0
юххизин
/[juχːizin]/
0
|
буххизин
/[buχːizin]/
0
|
руххизин
/[ruχːizin]/
0
|
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
вуххани
/[wuχːani]/
0
|
йуххани
/[juχːani]/
0
юххани
/[juχːani]/
0
|
буххани
/[buχːani]/
0
|
руххани
/[ruχːani]/
0
|
| Conditional Negative |
вуххичӀони
/[wuχːit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
йуххичӀони
/[juχːit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
юххичӀони
/[juχːit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
буххичӀони
/[buχːit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
руххичӀони
/[ruχːit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
вухханищ
/[wuχːaniʃː]/
0
|
йухханищ
/[juχːaniʃː]/
0
юхханищ
/[juχːaniʃː]/
0
|
бухханищ
/[buχːaniʃː]/
0
|
рухханищ
/[ruχːaniʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
вуххичӀищ
/[wuχːit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
йуххичӀищ
/[juχːit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
юххичӀищ
/[juχːit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
буххичӀищ
/[buχːit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
руххичӀищ
/[ruχːit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
вуххулищ
/[wuχːuliʃː]/
0
|
йуххулищ
/[juχːuliʃː]/
0
юххулищ
/[juχːuliʃː]/
0
|
буххулищ
/[buχːuliʃː]/
0
|
руххулищ
/[ruχːuliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
вуххуларищ
/[wuχːulariʃː]/
0
|
йуххуларищ
/[juχːulariʃː]/
0
юххуларищ
/[juχːulariʃː]/
0
|
буххуларищ
/[buχːulariʃː]/
0
|
руххуларищ
/[ruχːulariʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
вуххилищ
/[wuχːiliʃː]/
0
|
йуххилищ
/[juχːiliʃː]/
0
юххилищ
/[juχːiliʃː]/
0
|
буххилищ
/[buχːiliʃː]/
0
|
руххилищ
/[ruχːiliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
вуххиларищ
/[wuχːilariʃː]/
0
|
йуххиларищ
/[juχːilariʃː]/
0
юххиларищ
/[juχːilariʃː]/
0
|
буххиларищ
/[buχːilariʃː]/
0
|
руххиларищ
/[ruχːilariʃː]/
0
|
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
вуххарав
/[wuχːaraw]/
0
|
йуххарай
/[juχːaraj]/
0
юххарай
/[juχːaraj]/
0
|
буххараб
/[buχːarab]/
0
|
руххарал
/[ruχːaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
вуххичӀев
/[wuχːit͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
йуххичӀей
/[juχːit͡ʃʼej]/
0
юххичӀей
/[juχːit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
буххичӀеб
/[buχːit͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
руххичӀел
/[ruχːit͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
вуххулев
/[wuχːulew]/
0
|
йуххулей
/[juχːulej]/
0
юххулей
/[juχːulej]/
0
|
буххулеб
/[buχːuleb]/
🔒
3
|
руххулел
/[ruχːulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
вуххуларев
/[wuχːularew]/
0
|
йуххуларей
/[juχːularej]/
0
юххуларей
/[juχːularej]/
0
|
буххулареб
/[buχːulareb]/
🔒
1
|
руххуларел
/[ruχːularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
вуххилев
/[wuχːilew]/
0
|
йуххилей
/[juχːilej]/
0
юххилей
/[juχːilej]/
0
|
буххилеб
/[buχːileb]/
0
|
руххилел
/[ruχːilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
вуххиларев
/[wuχːilarew]/
0
|
йуххиларей
/[juχːilarej]/
0
юххиларей
/[juχːilarej]/
0
|
буххилареб
/[buχːilareb]/
0
|
руххиларел
/[ruχːilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
вуххизехъин
/[wuχːizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
йуххизехъин
/[juχːizeq͡χːin]/
0
юххизехъин
/[juχːizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
буххизехъин
/[buχːizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
руххизехъин
/[ruχːizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle Negative |
вуххизехъинро
/[wuχːizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
йуххизехъинро
/[juχːizeq͡χːinro]/
0
юххизехъинро
/[juχːizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
буххизехъинро
/[buχːizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
руххизехъинро
/[ruχːizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
| Optative Participle |
вуххеяв
/[wuχːejaw]/
0
|
йуххеяй
/[juχːejaj]/
0
юххеяй
/[juχːejaj]/
0
|
буххеяб
/[buχːejab]/
0
|
руххеял
/[ruχːejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
вуххарав
0
|
йуххарай
0
юххарай
0
|
буххараб
0
|
руххарал
0
|
| Ergative |
вуххарас
0
|
йуххаралъ
0
юххаралъ
0
|
буххаралъ
0
|
руххараз
0
|
| Genitive |
вуххарасул
0
|
йуххаралъул
0
юххаралъул
0
|
буххаралъул
0
|
руххаразул
0
|
| Dative |
вуххарасе
0
|
йуххаралъе
0
юххаралъе
0
|
буххаралъе
0
|
руххаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
вуххарасда
0
|
йуххаралъда
0
юххаралъда
0
|
буххаралъда
0
|
руххаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
вуххарасде
0
|
йуххаралъде
0
юххаралъде
0
|
буххаралъде
0
|
руххаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
вуххарасдаса
0
|
йуххаралъдаса
0
юххаралъдаса
0
|
буххаралъдаса
0
|
руххараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
вуххарасдасан
0
|
йуххаралъдасан
0
юххаралъдасан
0
|
буххаралъдасан
0
|
руххараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
вуххарасухъ
0
|
йуххаралъухъ
0
юххаралъухъ
0
|
буххаралъухъ
0
|
руххаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
вуххарасухъе
0
|
йуххаралъухъе
0
юххаралъухъе
0
|
буххаралъухъе
0
|
руххаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
вуххарасухъа
0
|
йуххаралъухъа
0
юххаралъухъа
0
|
буххаралъухъа
0
|
руххаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
вуххарасухъан
0
|
йуххаралъухъан
0
юххаралъухъан
0
|
буххаралъухъан
0
|
руххаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
вуххарасулъ
0
|
йуххаралъулъ
0
юххаралъулъ
0
|
буххаралъулъ
0
|
руххаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
вуххарасулъе
0
|
йуххаралъулъе
0
юххаралъулъе
0
|
буххаралъулъе
0
|
руххаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
вуххарасулъа
0
|
йуххаралъулъа
0
юххаралъулъа
0
|
буххаралъулъа
0
|
руххаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
вуххарасулъан
0
|
йуххаралъулъан
0
юххаралъулъан
0
|
буххаралъулъан
0
|
руххаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
вуххарасукь
0
|
йуххаралъукь
0
юххаралъукь
0
|
буххаралъукь
0
|
руххаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
вуххарасукье
0
|
йуххаралъукье
0
юххаралъукье
0
|
буххаралъукье
0
|
руххаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
вуххарасукьа
0
|
йуххаралъукьа
0
юххаралъукьа
0
|
буххаралъукьа
0
|
руххаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
вуххарасукьан
0
|
йуххаралъукьан
0
юххаралъукьан
0
|
буххаралъукьан
0
|
руххаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
вуххун
/[wuχːun]/
🔒
2
|
йуххун
/[juχːun]/
0
юххун
/[juχːun]/
0
|
буххун
/[buχːun]/
🔒
4
|
руххун
/[ruχːun]/
🔒
1
|
| Adverbial Past |
вуххун
/[wuχːun]/
🔒
2
|
йуххун
/[juχːun]/
0
юххун
/[juχːun]/
0
|
буххун
/[buχːun]/
🔒
4
|
руххун
/[ruχːun]/
🔒
1
|
| Adverbial Past Negative |
вуххичӀого
/[wuχːit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
йуххичӀого
/[juχːit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
юххичӀого
/[juχːit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
буххичӀого
/[buχːit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
руххичӀого
/[ruχːit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
| Adverbial General |
вуххулаго
/[wuχːulago]/
0
|
йуххулаго
/[juχːulago]/
0
юххулаго
/[juχːulago]/
0
|
буххулаго
/[buχːulago]/
0
|
руххулаго
/[ruχːulago]/
0
|
| Adverbial General Negative |
вуххуларого
/[wuχːularogo]/
0
|
йуххуларого
/[juχːularogo]/
0
юххуларого
/[juχːularogo]/
0
|
буххуларого
/[buχːularogo]/
0
|
руххуларого
/[ruχːularogo]/
0
|
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
вуххи
/[wuχːi]/
0
|
йуххи
/[juχːi]/
0
юххи
/[juχːi]/
0
|
буххи
/[buχːi]/
0
|
руххи
/[ruχːi]/
0
|
| Infinitive |
вуххизе
/[wuχːize]/
0
|
йуххизе
/[juχːize]/
0
юххизе
/[juχːize]/
0
|
буххизе
/[buχːize]/
🔒
5
|
руххизе
/[ruχːize]/
0
|
| Causative |
вуххизавизе
/[wuχːizawize]/
0
|
йуххизайизе
/[juχːizajize]/
0
юххизайизе
/[juχːizajize]/
0
|
буххизабизе
/[buχːizabize]/
0
|
руххизаризе
/[ruχːizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
вуххизавуларо
/[wuχːizawularo]/
0
|
йуххизайуларо
/[juχːizajularo]/
0
юххизайуларо
/[juχːizajularo]/
0
|
буххизабуларо
/[buχːizabularo]/
0
|
руххизаруларо
/[ruχːizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
вуххиаризе
/[wuχːijarize]/
0
|
йуххиаризе
/[juχːijarize]/
0
юххиаризе
/[juχːiarize]/
0
|
буххиаризе
/[buχːijarize]/
0
|
руххиаризе
/[ruχːijarize]/
0
|
| Durative Negative |
вуххиариларо
/[wuχːijarilaro]/
0
|
йуххиариларо
/[juχːijarilaro]/
0
юххиариларо
/[juχːiarilaro]/
0
|
буххиариларо
/[buχːijarilaro]/
0
|
руххиариларо
/[ruχːijarilaro]/
0
|
| Frequentative |
вухх-вуххизе
/[wuχː-wuχːize]/
0
|
йухх-йуххизе
/[juχː-juχːize]/
0
юхх-юххизе
/[juχː-juχːize]/
0
|
бухх-буххизе
/[buχː-buχːize]/
0
|
рухх-руххизе
/[ruχː-ruχːize]/
0
|
| Frequentative Negative |
вухх-вуххиларо
/[wuχː-wuχːilaro]/
0
|
йухх-йуххиларо
/[juχː-juχːilaro]/
0
юхх-юххиларо
/[juχː-juχːilaro]/
0
|
бухх-буххиларо
/[buχː-buχːilaro]/
0
|
рухх-руххиларо
/[ruχː-ruχːilaro]/
0
|