Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
верить; доверять; полагаться
English
to believe; to trust; to rely on
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: bozhize
Transitivity
Intransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
364
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2026-01-12 17:30
Attestation Count
161
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
божана
[boʒana]
🔒
19
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
божичӀо
[boʒit͡ʃˀo]
🔒
12
|
|||
| Future Simple |
божила
[boʒila]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
божиларо
[boʒilaro]
🔒
6
|
|||
| Constative |
божула
[boʒula]
🔒
80
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
божуларо
[boʒularo]
🔒
53
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
божулаан
[boʒulajan]
🔒
9
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
божулароан
[boʒularojan]
🔒
5
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
боже
[boʒe]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
божуге
[boʒuge]
🔒
20
|
|||
| Optative |
божеги
[boʒegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
божугеги
[boʒugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
божизин
[boʒizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
божани
[boʒani]
🔒
8
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
божичӀони
[boʒit͡ʃˀoni]
🔒
4
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
божанищ
[boʒaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
божичӀищ
[boʒit͡ʃʼiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
божулищ
[boʒuliʃː]
🔒
5
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
божуларищ
[boʒulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
божилищ
[boʒiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
божиларищ
[boʒilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
божарав
/[boʒaraw]/
🔒
119
|
божарай
/[boʒaraj]/
🔒
22
|
божараб
/[boʒarab]/
🔒
18
|
божарал
/[boʒaral]/
🔒
137
|
| Past Participle Negative |
божичӀев
/[boʒit͡ʃˀew]/
🔒
1
|
божичӀей
/[boʒit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
божичӀеб
/[boʒit͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
божичӀел
/[boʒit͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
божулев
/[boʒulew]/
🔒
43
|
божулей
/[boʒulej]/
🔒
14
|
божулеб
/[boʒuleb]/
🔒
27
|
божулел
/[boʒulel]/
🔒
66
|
| Present Participle Negative |
божуларев
/[boʒularew]/
🔒
14
|
божуларей
/[boʒularej]/
🔒
2
|
божулареб
/[boʒulareb]/
🔒
16
|
божуларел
/[boʒularel]/
🔒
13
|
| Future Participle |
божилев
/[boʒilew]/
🔒
6
|
божилей
/[boʒilej]/
🔒
2
|
божилеб
/[boʒileb]/
0
|
божилел
/[boʒilel]/
🔒
7
|
| Future Participle Negative |
божиларев
/[boʒilarew]/
0
|
божиларей
/[boʒilarej]/
0
|
божилареб
/[boʒilareb]/
🔒
3
|
божиларел
/[boʒilarel]/
🔒
1
|
| Intentional Participle |
божизехъин
[boʒizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
божизехъинро
[boʒizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
божеяв
/[boʒejaw]/
0
|
божеяй
/[boʒejaj]/
0
|
божеяб
/[boʒejab]/
0
|
божеял
/[boʒejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
божарав
119
|
божарай
22
|
божараб
18
|
божарал
137
|
| Ergative |
божарас
0
|
божаралъ
0
|
божаралъ
0
|
божараз
28
|
| Genitive |
божарасул
0
|
божаралъул
1
|
божаралъул
1
|
божаразул
26
|
| Dative |
божарасе
0
|
божаралъе
0
|
божаралъе
0
|
божаразе
23
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
божарасда
0
|
божаралъда
0
|
божаралъда
0
|
божаразда
80
|
| Allative (-де) |
божарасде
0
|
божаралъде
0
|
божаралъде
0
|
божаразде
3
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
божарасдаса
0
|
божаралъдаса
0
|
божаралъдаса
0
|
божараздаса
1
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
божарасдасан
0
|
божаралъдасан
0
|
божаралъдасан
0
|
божараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
божарасухъ
0
|
божаралъухъ
0
|
божаралъухъ
0
|
божаразухъ
1
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
божарасухъе
0
|
божаралъухъе
0
|
божаралъухъе
0
|
божаразухъе
8
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
божарасухъа
0
|
божаралъухъа
0
|
божаралъухъа
0
|
божаразухъа
1
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
божарасухъан
0
|
божаралъухъан
0
|
божаралъухъан
0
|
божаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
божарасулъ
0
|
божаралъулъ
0
|
божаралъулъ
0
|
божаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
божарасулъе
0
|
божаралъулъе
0
|
божаралъулъе
0
|
божаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
божарасулъа
0
|
божаралъулъа
0
|
божаралъулъа
0
|
божаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
божарасулъан
0
|
божаралъулъан
0
|
божаралъулъан
0
|
божаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
божарасукь
0
|
божаралъукь
0
|
божаралъукь
0
|
божаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
божарасукье
0
|
божаралъукье
0
|
божаралъукье
0
|
божаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
божарасукьа
0
|
божаралъукьа
0
|
божаралъукьа
0
|
божаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
божарасукьан
0
|
божаралъукьан
0
|
божаралъукьан
0
|
божаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
божун
[boʒun]
🔒
128
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
божун
[boʒun]
🔒
128
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
божичӀого
[boʒit͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
19
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
божулаго
[boʒulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
божуларого
[boʒularogo]
🔒
7
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
божи
[boʒi]
🔒
241
|
|||
| Infinitive |
божизе
[boʒize]
🔒
161
|
|||
| Causative |
божизавизе
/[boʒizawize]/
🔒
7
|
божизайизе
/[boʒizajize]/
🔒
2
|
божизабизе
/[boʒizabize]/
🔒
3
|
божизаризе
/[boʒizarize]/
🔒
7
|
| Causative Negative |
божизавуларо
/[boʒizawularo]/
0
|
божизайуларо
/[boʒizajularo]/
0
|
божизабуларо
/[boʒizabularo]/
0
|
божизаруларо
/[boʒizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
божиаризе
[boʒijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
божиариларо
[boʒijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
бож-божизе
[boʒ-boʒize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
бож-божиларо
[boʒ-boʒilaro]
0
|
|||