Phonology syllables, stress, spelling Show ▾ Hide ▴
- Transcription
- [heˈtʼ-he.tʼi.ze]
- Plain keyboard
- het'-het'ize · ASCII, no special letters
- Syllables
- гьетӀ-·гье·тӀи·зе · 4 syllables
- Sound pattern
- CVC.CV.CV.CV · C = consonant, V = vowel
- Latin spelling
- hetʼ-hetʼize
Syllables, stress pattern and Latin spelling are worked out from the spelling by rule.
Meaning
-
to bend repeatedly, become crooked or warped in multiple places
сгибаться, изгибаться во многих местах
Grammar what kind of word it is, and how it behaves Show ▾ Hide ▴
- Part of speech
- Verb
- Transitivity
- intransitive · takes no object
- Aspect
- imperfective
- Compound
- Yes
- Database id
- 288203
- Added
- 2026-08-20
Word formation and related words what it is built from, and what it is related to · 5 links Show ▾ Hide ▴
Words built from this one
- гьетӀ-гьетӀараб verbal noun
- гьетӀ-гьетӀи verbal noun
- гьетӀ-гьетӀизабизе verbal noun
Masdar nouns
- гьетӀ-гьетӀи Masdar (verbal noun) масдар от гьетӀ-гьетӀизе
Morphology and grammar info 176 stored forms · Grey means we worked it out by rule, not from a text. Show ▾ Hide ▴
Some forms below are generated from rules and may be wrong — green “verified” forms are confirmed in the corpus. Learn more
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼulew wugo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼulej jigo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼuleb bugo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼulel rugo]/ |
|
Present negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼulew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼulej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼuleb het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼulel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past simple |
гьетӀ-гьетӀана
[hetʼ-hetʼana]
0
|
|||
| Past simple negative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀичӀо
[hetʼ-hetʼit͡ʃʼo]
0
|
|||
| Future simple |
гьетӀ-гьетӀила
[hetʼ-hetʼila]
0
|
|||
| Future simple negative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀиларо
[hetʼ-hetʼilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀула
[hetʼ-hetʼula]
0
|
|||
| Constative negative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀуларо
[hetʼ-hetʼularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼize wukʼina]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼize jikʼina]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼize bukʼina]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼize rukʼina]/ |
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼize wugo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼize jigo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼize bugo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼize rugo]/ |
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼun wugo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun jigo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun bugo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun rugo]/ |
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
[hetʼ-hetʼun het͡ʃʼo] |
|||
| Remote Past |
гьетӀ-гьетӀулаан
[hetʼ-hetʼulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀулароан
[hetʼ-hetʼularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼun wukʼana]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun jikʼana]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun bukʼana]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun rukʼana]/ |
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼun wukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun jikʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun bukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun rukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼulew wukʼana]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼulej jikʼana]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼuleb bukʼana]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼulel rukʼana]/ |
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼulew wukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼulej jikʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼuleb bukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼulel rukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼize wukʼana]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼize jikʼana]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼize bukʼana]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼize rukʼana]/ |
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼize wukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼize jikʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼize bukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼize rukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼun wukʼun wugo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun jikʼun jigo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun bukʼun bugo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun rukʼun rugo]/ |
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼit͡ʃʼogo wukʼun het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼit͡ʃʼogo jikʼun het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼit͡ʃʼogo bukʼun het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼit͡ʃʼogo rukʼun het͡ʃʼo]/ |
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼun wukʼunajan]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun jikʼunajan]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun bukʼunajan]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun rukʼunajan]/ |
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼun wukʼunarojan]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun jikʼunarojan]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun bukʼunarojan]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun rukʼunarojan]/ |
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼizeq͡χːin wukʼana]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼizeq͡χːin jikʼana]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼizeq͡χːin bukʼana]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼizeq͡χːin rukʼana]/ |
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼizeq͡χːin wukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼizeq͡χːin jikʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼizeq͡χːin bukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼizeq͡χːin rukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼun wugojan]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun jigojan]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun bugojan]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼun rugojan]/ |
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
[hetʼ-hetʼun het͡ʃʼojan] |
|||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼize wukʼun wugo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼize jikʼun jigo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼize bukʼun bugo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼize rukʼun rugo]/ |
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼulew wukʼun wugo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼulej jikʼun jigo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼuleb bukʼun bugo]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼulel rukʼun rugo]/ |
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
/[hetʼ-hetʼulew wukʼuna]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼulej jikʼuna]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼuleb bukʼuna]/ |
/[hetʼ-hetʼulel rukʼuna]/ |
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀе
[hetʼ-hetʼe]
0
|
|||
| Imperative (alternative) |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
гьетӀ-гьетӀуге
[hetʼ-hetʼuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀеги
[hetʼ-hetʼegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀугеги
[hetʼ-hetʼugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀизин
[hetʼ-hetʼizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
[hetʼ-hetʼe abe] |
|||
| Conditional |
гьетӀ-гьетӀани
[hetʼ-hetʼani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀичӀони
[hetʼ-hetʼit͡ʃʼoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀанищ
[hetʼ-hetʼaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀичӀищ
[hetʼ-hetʼit͡ʃʼiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀулищ
[hetʼ-hetʼuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀуларищ
[hetʼ-hetʼulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀилищ
[hetʼ-hetʼiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀиларищ
[hetʼ-hetʼilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past participle |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарав
/[hetʼ-hetʼaraw]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀарай
/[hetʼ-hetʼaraj]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀараб
/[hetʼ-hetʼarab]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀарал
/[hetʼ-hetʼaral]/
0
|
| Past participle negative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀичӀев
/[hetʼ-hetʼit͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀичӀей
/[hetʼ-hetʼit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀичӀеб
/[hetʼ-hetʼit͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀичӀел
/[hetʼ-hetʼit͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present participle |
гьетӀ-гьетӀулев
/[hetʼ-hetʼulew]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀулей
/[hetʼ-hetʼulej]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀулеб
/[hetʼ-hetʼuleb]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀулел
/[hetʼ-hetʼulel]/
0
|
| Present participle negative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀуларев
/[hetʼ-hetʼularew]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀуларей
/[hetʼ-hetʼularej]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀулареб
/[hetʼ-hetʼulareb]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀуларел
/[hetʼ-hetʼularel]/
0
|
| Future participle |
гьетӀ-гьетӀилев
/[hetʼ-hetʼilew]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀилей
/[hetʼ-hetʼilej]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀилеб
/[hetʼ-hetʼileb]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀилел
/[hetʼ-hetʼilel]/
0
|
| Future participle negative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀиларев
/[hetʼ-hetʼilarew]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀиларей
/[hetʼ-hetʼilarej]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀилареб
/[hetʼ-hetʼilareb]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀиларел
/[hetʼ-hetʼilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional participle |
гьетӀ-гьетӀизехъин
[hetʼ-hetʼizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional participle negative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀизехъинро
[hetʼ-hetʼizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
гьетӀ-гьетӀеяв
/[hetʼ-hetʼejaw]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀеяй
/[hetʼ-hetʼejaj]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀеяб
/[hetʼ-hetʼejab]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀеял
/[hetʼ-hetʼejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарав
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀарай
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀараб
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀарал
0
|
| Ergative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарас
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъ
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъ
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасул
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъул
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъул
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасе
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъе
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъе
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасда
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъда
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъда
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасде
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъде
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъде
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасдаса
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъдаса
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъдаса
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасдасан
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъдасан
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъдасан
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасухъ
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъухъ
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъухъ
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасухъе
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъухъе
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъухъе
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасухъа
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъухъа
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъухъа
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасухъан
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъухъан
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъухъан
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасулъ
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъулъ
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъулъ
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасулъе
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъулъе
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъулъе
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасулъа
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъулъа
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъулъа
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасулъан
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъулъан
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъулъан
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасукь
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъукь
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъукь
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасукье
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъукье
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъукье
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасукьа
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъукьа
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъукьа
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀарасукьан
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъукьан
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаралъукьан
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past gerund (converb) |
гьетӀ-гьетӀун
[hetʼ-hetʼun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial present / simultaneous |
гьетӀ-гьетӀун
[hetʼ-hetʼun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial present / simultaneous negative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀичӀого
[hetʼ-hetʼit͡ʃʼogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial general |
гьетӀ-гьетӀулаго
[hetʼ-hetʼulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial general negative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀуларого
[hetʼ-hetʼularogo]
0
|
|||
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
гьетӀ-гьетӀи
[hetʼ-hetʼi]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
гьетӀ-гьетӀизе
[hetʼ-hetʼize]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀизавизе
/[hetʼ-hetʼizawize]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀизайизе
/[hetʼ-hetʼizajize]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀизабизе
/[hetʼ-hetʼizabize]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀизаризе
/[hetʼ-hetʼizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀизавуларо
/[hetʼ-hetʼizawularo]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀизайуларо
/[hetʼ-hetʼizajularo]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀизабуларо
/[hetʼ-hetʼizabularo]/
0
|
гьетӀ-гьетӀизаруларо
/[hetʼ-hetʼizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀиаризе
[hetʼ-hetʼijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀиариларо
[hetʼ-hetʼijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀ-гьетӀ-гьетӀизе
[hetʼ-hetʼ-hetʼ-hetʼize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
гьетӀ-гьетӀ-гьетӀ-гьетӀиларо
[hetʼ-hetʼ-hetʼ-hetʼilaro]
0
|
|||
Spot a mistake?
Some forms are worked out by rule and can be wrong. If you speak Avar, your correction is worth more than the algorithm.