Phonology syllables, stress, spelling Show ▾ Hide ▴
- Transcription
- [ˈkʰwe.ʃɬi.ze]
- Plain keyboard
- kveshlhize · ASCII, no special letters
- Syllables
- квеш·лъи·зе · 3 syllables
- Sound pattern
- CCVC.CV.CV · C = consonant, V = vowel
- Latin spelling
- kvešɬize
Syllables, stress pattern and Latin spelling are worked out from the spelling by rule.
Meaning
-
1
to worsen, deteriorate, spoil
становиться плохим или хуже; ухудшаться, портиться
-
2
to become evil / malicious
становиться злым
Grammar what kind of word it is, and how it behaves Show ▾ Hide ▴
- Part of speech
- Verb
- Transitivity
- intransitive · takes no object
- Database id
- 291349
- Added
- 2026-08-24
Word formation and related words what it is built from, and what it is related to · 2 links Show ▾ Hide ▴
Words built from this one
- квешлъи verbal noun
- квешлъизабизе verbal noun
Masdar nouns
- квешлъи Masdar (verbal noun) 1) зло, вред 2) злоба, вредность 3) несчастье, беда, бедствие 4) дрянь, погань 5) нужда, лишения 6) изнасилование
Morphology and grammar info 176 stored forms · Grey means we worked it out by rule, not from a text. Show ▾ Hide ▴
Some forms below are generated from rules and may be wrong — green “verified” forms are confirmed in the corpus. Learn more
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[kʰweʃɬulew wugo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬulej jigo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬuleb bugo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬulel rugo]/ |
|
Present negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[kʰweʃɬulew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬulej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬuleb het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬulel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past simple |
квешлъана
[kʰweʃɬana]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Past simple negative |
квешлъичӀо
[kʰweʃɬit͡ʃʼo]
0
|
|||
| Future simple |
квешлъила
[kʰweʃɬila]
0
|
|||
| Future simple negative |
квешлъиларо
[kʰweʃɬilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
квешлъула
[kʰweʃɬula]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Constative negative |
квешлъуларо
[kʰweʃɬularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
квешлъулаан
[kʰweʃɬulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
квешлъулароан
[kʰweʃɬularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
/[kʰweʃɬulew wukʼana]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬulej jikʼana]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬuleb bukʼana]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬulel rukʼana]/ |
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
/[kʰweʃɬulew wukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬulej jikʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬuleb bukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬulel rukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
/[kʰweʃɬit͡ʃʼogo wukʼun het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬit͡ʃʼogo jikʼun het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬit͡ʃʼogo bukʼun het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬit͡ʃʼogo rukʼun het͡ʃʼo]/ |
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
/[kʰweʃɬun wukʼunarojan]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬun jikʼunarojan]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬun bukʼunarojan]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬun rukʼunarojan]/ |
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
/[kʰweʃɬizeq͡χːin wukʼana]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬizeq͡χːin jikʼana]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬizeq͡χːin bukʼana]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬizeq͡χːin rukʼana]/ |
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
/[kʰweʃɬizeq͡χːin wukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬizeq͡χːin jikʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬizeq͡χːin bukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬizeq͡χːin rukʼint͡ʃʼo]/ |
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
/[kʰweʃɬulew wukʼun wugo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬulej jikʼun jigo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬuleb bukʼun bugo]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬulel rukʼun rugo]/ |
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
/[kʰweʃɬulew wukʼuna]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬulej jikʼuna]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬuleb bukʼuna]/ |
/[kʰweʃɬulel rukʼuna]/ |
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
квешлъе
[kʰweʃɬe]
0
|
|||
| Imperative (alternative) |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
квешлъуге
[kʰweʃɬuge]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Optative |
квешлъеги
[kʰweʃɬegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
квешлъугеги
[kʰweʃɬugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
квешлъизин
[kʰweʃɬizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
квешлъани
[kʰweʃɬani]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
квешлъичӀони
[kʰweʃɬit͡ʃʼoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
квешлъанищ
[kʰweʃɬaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
квешлъичӀищ
[kʰweʃɬit͡ʃʼiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
квешлъулищ
[kʰweʃɬuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
квешлъуларищ
[kʰweʃɬulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
квешлъилищ
[kʰweʃɬiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
квешлъиларищ
[kʰweʃɬilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past participle |
квешлъарав
/[kʰweʃɬaraw]/
0
|
квешлъарай
/[kʰweʃɬaraj]/
0
|
квешлъараб
/[kʰweʃɬarab]/
0
|
квешлъарал
/[kʰweʃɬaral]/
🔒
1
|
| Past participle negative |
квешлъичӀев
/[kʰweʃɬit͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
квешлъичӀей
/[kʰweʃɬit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
квешлъичӀеб
/[kʰweʃɬit͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
квешлъичӀел
/[kʰweʃɬit͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present participle |
квешлъулев
/[kʰweʃɬulew]/
0
|
квешлъулей
/[kʰweʃɬulej]/
0
|
квешлъулеб
/[kʰweʃɬuleb]/
🔒
8
|
квешлъулел
/[kʰweʃɬulel]/
0
|
| Present participle negative |
квешлъуларев
/[kʰweʃɬularew]/
0
|
квешлъуларей
/[kʰweʃɬularej]/
0
|
квешлъулареб
/[kʰweʃɬulareb]/
0
|
квешлъуларел
/[kʰweʃɬularel]/
0
|
| Future participle |
квешлъилев
/[kʰweʃɬilew]/
0
|
квешлъилей
/[kʰweʃɬilej]/
0
|
квешлъилеб
/[kʰweʃɬileb]/
0
|
квешлъилел
/[kʰweʃɬilel]/
0
|
| Future participle negative |
квешлъиларев
/[kʰweʃɬilarew]/
0
|
квешлъиларей
/[kʰweʃɬilarej]/
0
|
квешлъилареб
/[kʰweʃɬilareb]/
0
|
квешлъиларел
/[kʰweʃɬilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional participle |
квешлъизехъин
[kʰweʃɬizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional participle negative |
квешлъизехъинро
[kʰweʃɬizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
квешлъеяв
/[kʰweʃɬejaw]/
0
|
квешлъеяй
/[kʰweʃɬejaj]/
0
|
квешлъеяб
/[kʰweʃɬejab]/
0
|
квешлъеял
/[kʰweʃɬejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
квешлъарав
0
|
квешлъарай
0
|
квешлъараб
0
|
квешлъарал
1
|
| Ergative |
квешлъарас
0
|
квешлъаралъ
0
|
квешлъаралъ
0
|
квешлъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
квешлъарасул
0
|
квешлъаралъул
0
|
квешлъаралъул
0
|
квешлъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
квешлъарасе
0
|
квешлъаралъе
0
|
квешлъаралъе
0
|
квешлъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
квешлъарасда
0
|
квешлъаралъда
0
|
квешлъаралъда
0
|
квешлъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
квешлъарасде
0
|
квешлъаралъде
0
|
квешлъаралъде
0
|
квешлъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
квешлъарасдаса
0
|
квешлъаралъдаса
0
|
квешлъаралъдаса
0
|
квешлъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
квешлъарасдасан
0
|
квешлъаралъдасан
0
|
квешлъаралъдасан
0
|
квешлъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
квешлъарасухъ
0
|
квешлъаралъухъ
0
|
квешлъаралъухъ
0
|
квешлъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
квешлъарасухъе
0
|
квешлъаралъухъе
0
|
квешлъаралъухъе
0
|
квешлъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
квешлъарасухъа
0
|
квешлъаралъухъа
0
|
квешлъаралъухъа
0
|
квешлъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
квешлъарасухъан
0
|
квешлъаралъухъан
0
|
квешлъаралъухъан
0
|
квешлъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
квешлъарасулъ
0
|
квешлъаралъулъ
0
|
квешлъаралъулъ
0
|
квешлъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
квешлъарасулъе
0
|
квешлъаралъулъе
0
|
квешлъаралъулъе
0
|
квешлъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
квешлъарасулъа
0
|
квешлъаралъулъа
0
|
квешлъаралъулъа
0
|
квешлъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
квешлъарасулъан
0
|
квешлъаралъулъан
0
|
квешлъаралъулъан
0
|
квешлъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
квешлъарасукь
0
|
квешлъаралъукь
0
|
квешлъаралъукь
0
|
квешлъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
квешлъарасукье
0
|
квешлъаралъукье
0
|
квешлъаралъукье
0
|
квешлъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
квешлъарасукьа
0
|
квешлъаралъукьа
0
|
квешлъаралъукьа
0
|
квешлъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
квешлъарасукьан
0
|
квешлъаралъукьан
0
|
квешлъаралъукьан
0
|
квешлъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past gerund (converb) |
квешлъун
[kʰweʃɬun]
🔒
17
|
|||
| Adverbial present / simultaneous |
квешлъун
[kʰweʃɬun]
🔒
17
|
|||
| Adverbial present / simultaneous negative |
квешлъичӀого
[kʰweʃɬit͡ʃʼogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial general |
квешлъулаго
[kʰweʃɬulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial general negative |
квешлъуларого
[kʰweʃɬularogo]
0
|
|||
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
квешлъи
[kʰweʃɬi]
🔒
198
|
|||
| Infinitive |
квешлъизе
[kʰweʃɬize]
🔒
12
|
|||
| Causative |
квешлъизавизе
/[kʰweʃɬizawize]/
0
|
квешлъизайизе
/[kʰweʃɬizajize]/
0
|
квешлъизабизе
/[kʰweʃɬizabize]/
🔒
1
|
квешлъизаризе
/[kʰweʃɬizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
квешлъизавуларо
/[kʰweʃɬizawularo]/
0
|
квешлъизайуларо
/[kʰweʃɬizajularo]/
0
|
квешлъизабуларо
/[kʰweʃɬizabularo]/
0
|
квешлъизаруларо
/[kʰweʃɬizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
квешлъиаризе
[kʰweʃɬijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
квешлъиариларо
[kʰweʃɬijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
квешлъ-квешлъизе
[kʰweʃɬ-kʰweʃɬize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
квешлъ-квешлъиларо
[kʰweʃɬ-kʰweʃɬilaro]
0
|
|||
Usage examples 1 set expression · 1 sentence from real texts Show ▾ Hide ▴
Set expressions idioms, proverbs, collocations Show ▾ Hide ▴
-
завидовать кому-л.
Idiom
From the corpus sentences from real texts Show ▾ Hide ▴
-
хӀал квешлъизе
завидовать кому-л.
Spot a mistake?
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